Building the Bridge Between Advertising and Social Change

The Internet has increased the media\u27s presence in the lives of Americans by way of social media and video streaming websites. As Americans continue to access endless streams of media content, they are also constantly inundated with advertisements. Whether they are tucked away on the side of a webpage, embedded in newsfeeds, or unavoidable interruptions before video clips, advertisements have become significant in the everyday lives of Americans. Not only are they significant in frequency of appearance, but more importantly, as products of media, they possess meaningful cultural value. Scholar, Douglas Kellner rightfully argues that media and advertising provide the tools for us to forge our identities; our notions of gender, class, ethnicity and race, nationality, sexuality, and of \u27us\u27 and \u27them.\u27 Media images help shape our view of the world and our deepest values…and how to conform to the dominant system of norms, values, practices, and institutions"1(Kellner, 7). Due to the significant roles that media and advertising play in individuals identity formation and worldviews, it is necessary to consider the role that ads play in reproducing or maintaining hegemony. Utilizing James Lull\u27s definition of hegemony as "power or dominance that one social group has over others2" (Lull, 33), scholars have argued that advertisers, employed in an industry motivated by profit and once labeled as, "hidden persuaders," have worked in favor of maintaining hegemony and the dominant ideology. (For the purposes of this paper, the dominant group is considered as being comprised of White, middle to upper class men who would like to maintain a capitalist based, patriarchal society and hegemony.) Historically, media corporations and advertising agencies have engaged in exclusive employment decisions by hiring mostly White, middle to upper-class males to fill executive positions. The business sector also has a history of being dominated by White men. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that corporations utilize the media as "tools to perpetuate their power, wealth and status3" (Lull, 33). However, despite the instinct to conclude that media corporations, belonging to and controlled by the dominant group, use their power to reproduce hegemony, recent advertisements challenge this assumption. Building the Bridge Between Advertising and Social Change by Jaquelin Salg is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licens

Proton and neutron electromagnetic radii and magnetic moments from lattice QCD

We present results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron computed on the $(2 + 1)$-flavor Coordinated Lattice Simulations (CLS) ensembles including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The $Q^2$-, pion-mass, lattice-spacing, and finite-volume dependence of our form factor data is fitted simultaneously to the expressions resulting from covariant chiral perturbation theory including vector mesons amended by models for lattice artefacts. From these fits, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron, as well as the Zemach radius of the proton. To assess the influence of systematic effects, we average over various cuts in the pion mass and the momentum transfer, as well as over different models for the lattice-spacing and finite-volume dependence, using weights derived from the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC).Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the 16th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon (MENU 2023), October 15th-20th, 2023, Mainz, Germany. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2401.0540

Electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon from Nf=2+1N_f = 2 + 1 lattice QCD

There is a long-standing discrepancy between different measurements of the electric and magnetic radii of the proton. Lattice QCD calculations are a well-suited tool for theoretical investigations of the structure of the nucleon from first principles. However, all previous lattice studies of the proton's electromagnetic radii have either neglected quark-disconnected contributions or were not extrapolated to the continuum and infinite-volume limit. Here, we present results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron computed on the $(2 + 1)$-flavor Coordinated Lattice Simulations (CLS) ensembles including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. From simultaneous fits to the $Q^2$-, pion-mass, lattice-spacing, and finite-volume dependence of the form factors, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron. For the proton, we obtain as our final values $\langle r_E^2 \rangle^p = (0.672 \pm 0.014$ (stat)${} \pm 0.018$ (syst)$)$ fm${}^2$, $\langle r_M^2 \rangle^p = (0.658 \pm 0.012$ (stat)${} \pm 0.008$ (syst)$)$ fm${}^2$, and $\mu_M^p = 2.739 \pm 0.063$ (stat)${} \pm 0.018$ (syst). The magnetic moment is in good agreement with the experimental value, as is the one of the neutron. On the one hand, our result for the electric (charge) radius of the proton clearly points towards a small value, as favored by muonic hydrogen spectroscopy and the recent $ep$-scattering experiment by PRad. Our estimate for the magnetic radius, on the other hand, is well compatible with that inferred from the A1 $ep$-scattering experiment.Comment: 48 pages, 10 figure

Proton and neutron electromagnetic radii and magnetic moments from Nf=2+1N_f = 2 + 1 lattice QCD

We present results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron computed on the $(2 + 1)$-flavor Coordinated Lattice Simulations (CLS) ensembles including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The $Q^2$-, pion-mass, lattice-spacing, and finite-volume dependence of our form factor data is fitted simultaneously to the expressions resulting from covariant chiral perturbation theory including vector mesons amended by models for lattice artefacts. From these fits, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron, as well as the Zemach radius of the proton. To assess the influence of systematic effects, we average over various cuts in the pion mass and the momentum transfer, as well as over different models for the lattice-spacing and finite-volume dependence, using weights derived from the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Our results for the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron are in good agreement with the experimental values and have a relative precision of about $2.4\,\%$ and $3.7\,\%$, respectively. For the electromagnetic radii of the proton, we achieve a precision at the $1.5\,\%$ level.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the 40th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2023), July 31st - August 4th, 2023, Fermila

Precision calculation of the electromagnetic radii of the proton and neutron from lattice QCD

We present lattice-QCD results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The parametrization of the $Q^2$-dependence of the form factors is combined with the extrapolation to the physical point. In this way, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron. For the proton, we obtain at the physical pion mass and in the continuum and infinite-volume limit $\sqrt{\langle r_E^2 \rangle^p} = 0.820(14)$ fm, $\sqrt{\langle r_M^2 \rangle^p} = 0.8111(89)$ fm, and $\mu_M^p = 2.739(66)$, where the errors include all systematics.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures; for the accompanying paper, see arXiv:2309.06590 [hep-lat]. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2309.0659

Zemach and Friar radii of the proton and neutron from lattice QCD

We present the first lattice-QCD result for the Zemach and Friar radii of the proton and neutron. Our calculation includes both quark-connected and -disconnected diagrams and assesses all sources of systematic uncertainties arising from excited-state contributions, finite-volume effects and the continuum extrapolation. At the physical point, we obtain for the proton $r_Z^p = ( 1.013 \pm 0.010\ (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.012\ (\mathrm{syst}) )~\mathrm{fm}$ and $r_F^p = ( 1.301 \pm 0.012\ (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.014\ (\mathrm{syst}) )~\mathrm{fm}$. These numbers suggest small values of the Zemach and Friar radii of the proton, but are compatible with most of the experimental studies.13 pages, 2 figures; v2: significantly extended version including, in addition to the Zemach radius of the proton, results for the Friar radius of the proton as well as for the Zemach and Friar radii of the neutron; v3: typos fixed, matches published versio

Multiscale and multimodal imaging for three-dimensional vascular and histomorphological organ structure analysis of the pancreas

Exocrine and endocrine pancreas are interconnected anatomically and functionally, with vasculature facilitating bidirectional communication. Our understanding of this network remains limited, largely due to two-dimensional histology and missing combination with three-dimensional imaging. In this study, a multiscale 3D-imaging process was used to analyze a porcine pancreas. Clinical computed tomography, digital volume tomography, micro-computed tomography and Synchrotron-based propagation-based imaging were applied consecutively. Fields of view correlated inversely with attainable resolution from a whole organism level down to capillary structures with a voxel edge length of 2.0 µm. Segmented vascular networks from 3D-imaging data were correlated with tissue sections stained by immunohistochemistry and revealed highly vascularized regions to be intra-islet capillaries of islets of Langerhans. Generated 3D-datasets allowed for three-dimensional qualitative and quantitative organ and vessel structure analysis. Beyond this study, the method shows potential for application across a wide range of patho-morphology analyses and might possibly provide microstructural blueprints for biotissue engineering

A reporting and analysis framework for structured evaluation of COVID-19 clinical and imaging data

The COVID-19 pandemic has worldwide individual and socioeconomic consequences. Chest computed tomography has been found to support diagnostics and disease monitoring. A standardized approach to generate, collect, analyze, and share clinical and imaging information in the highest quality possible is urgently needed. We developed systematic, computer-assisted and context-guided electronic data capture on the FDA-approved mint LesionTM software platform to enable cloud-based data collection and real-time analysis. The acquisition and annotation include radiological findings and radiomics performed directly on primary imaging data together with information from the patient history and clinical data. As proof of concept, anonymized data of 283 patients with either suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from eight European medical centers were aggregated in data analysis dashboards. Aggregated data were compared to key findings of landmark research literature. This concept has been chosen for use in the national COVID-19 response of the radiological departments of all university hospitals in Germany