Current Understanding of Structure–Processing–Property Relationships in BaTiO₃–Bi(M)O₃ Dielectrics

As part of a continued push for high permittivity dielectrics suitable for use at elevated operating temperatures and/or large electric fields, modifications of BaTiO3 with Bi(M)O3, where M represents a net-trivalent B-site occupied by one or more species, have received a great deal of recent attention. Materials in this composition family exhibit weakly coupled relaxor behavior that is not only remarkably stable at high temperatures and under large electric fields, but is also quite similar across various identities of M. Moderate levels of Bi content (as much as 50 mol%) appear to be crucial to the stability of the dielectric response. In addition, the presence of significant Bi reduces the processing temperatures required for densification and increases the required oxygen content in processing atmospheres relative to traditional X7R-type BaTiO3-based dielectrics. Although detailed understanding of the structure–processing–property relationships in this class of materials is still in its infancy, this article reviews the current state of understanding of the mechanisms underlying the high and stable values of both relative permittivity and resistivity that are characteristic of BaTiO3-Bi(M)O3 dielectrics as well as the processing challenges and opportunities associated with these materials

Birth to Three: Extension\u27s Role in the Early Years

Recent research about brain development in infants and young children has raised public awareness about the importance of the early years, but there is little consensus about what those findings mean for policy and practice. Extension\u27s community-based network, well-trained staff, strong community ties, and links to campus-based resources make it uniquely positioned to help families, communities, and states develop sound research-based responses to ensure a strong start for their youngest citizens

Birth to Three: Extension\u27s Role in the Early Years

Recent research about brain development in infants and young children has raised public awareness about the importance of the early years, but there is little consensus about what those findings mean for policy and practice. Extension\u27s community-based network, well-trained staff, strong community ties, and links to campus-based resources make it uniquely positioned to help families, communities, and states develop sound research-based responses to ensure a strong start for their youngest citizens

Wooden Planks: A Tool for Youth Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Exploration

Wooden planks are a tool for developing youth skills through science, technology, engineering, and math exploration. These are small planks that can be stacked to create complex structures as youths explore math and physical relationships in an applied context. Building with wooden planks also cultivates planning, reasoning, and team skills as youths design and build structures. We developed an event in which adult and youth teams competed to build structures from wooden planks. Our Building Challenge proved to be effective in cultivating youth–adult engagement and expanding Extension\u27s reach to new audiences while also raising funds for youth programs

Sex differences in the inference and perception of causal relations within a video game

The learning of immediate causation within a dynamic environment was examined. Participants encountered seven decision points in which they needed to choose, which of three possible candidates was the cause of explosions in the environment. Each candidate was firing a weapon at random every few seconds, but only one of them produced an immediate effect. Some participants showed little learning, but most demonstrated increases in accuracy across time. On average, men showed higher accuracy and shorter latencies that were not explained by differences in self-reported prior video game experience. This result suggests that prior reports of sex differences in causal choice in the game are not specific to situations involving delayed or probabilistic causal relations

The Impact of Tour-Based Diversity Programming on County Extension Personnel and Programs

This article explores the effect that planning and conducting an intensive multi-day, tour-based diversity workshop can have on the professional development and Extension work of the county Extension educators involved. Survey data was collected from the county Extension educators who planned workshops throughout Idaho. Educators reported that the process of hosting the workshop led to significant advances in their professional development, strengthened relationships with underserved groups, and facilitated greater inclusiveness in Extension programming. Planning and conducting intense training programs can be an effective way to promote more tailored and appropriate Extension responses to a community\u27s distinct issues

The Communicator: Electronic Newsletter Provides Expert Support to FCS County Educators

Extension specialists are challenged to provide expert support to county faculty on an ongoing basis, particularly in geographically large states with low populations. The Communicator is a newsletter developed by University of Idaho Family and Consumer Science specialists to update county faculty on research findings as they develop programs to meet clientele needs. Survey data show that county faculty in Idaho use the newsletter effectively, reading it promptly and extensively upon arrival and applying the information in their programs. Family and Consumer Sciences professionals are invited to subscribe to The Communicator as a resource for their ongoing professional development

Using a Historical Tour to Teach Extension Audiences About Diversity and Human Rights

Idaho\u27s Journey for Diversity and Human Rights is a traveling workshop designed to teach about the roots of the state\u27s people and their human rights challenges. Designers planned to acquaint participants with the richness and diversity of Idaho\u27s past and broaden their perspective on the way in which past residents coped with issues not much different from those current residents face. Participants report gains in knowledge of Idaho\u27s past and present challenges of human rights and diversity and plan to apply that knowledge in their daily lives. Educators can modify and replicate Idaho\u27s Journey to fit any state or region

Collective motor dynamics in membrane transport in vitro

Key cellular processes such as cell division, internal cellular organization, membrane compartmentalization and intracellular transport rely on motor proteins. Motor proteins, ATP-based mechanoenzymes, actively transport cargo throughout the cell by walking on cytoskeletal filaments. Motors have been studied in detail on the single motor level such that information on their step size, ATP turnover rate, stall force, average run length and processivity are well known. However, in vivo, motors are often found working together, raising the question of how motors work together in transport. In their native environment, motors are bound to membrane material so that they can diffuse through a lipid bilayer, suggesting that their collective behavior may rely more on dynamic self-organization than experiments until now have allowed. In this thesis, an in vitro approach is presented to study collections of motors as they self-organize to actively transport membrane along microtubule tracks. Motors are specifically attached to a membrane reservoir and when they encounter cytoskeletal tracks, the motors walk on the track and extract membrane tubes from the reservoir. We find that dynamic fluctuations in motor densities and effects such as cooperative binding are key players in the collective action of motors in membrane transport.Grant FOM-L1708M.UBL - phd migration 201