Transforming Power Relationships: Leadership, Risk, and Hope. IHS Political Science Series No. 135, May 2013

Chronic communal conflicts resemble the prisoner’s dilemma. Both communities prefer peace to war. But neither trusts the other, viewing the other’s gain as its own loss, so potentially shared interests often go unrealized. Achieving positive-sum outcomes from apparently zero-sum struggles requires a kind of riskembracing leadership. To succeed leaders must: a) see power relations as potentially positive-sum; b) strengthen negotiating adversaries instead of weakening them; and c) demonstrate hope for a positive future and take great personal risks to achieve it. Such leadership is exemplified by Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk in the South African democratic transition. To illuminate the strategic dilemmas Mandela and de Klerk faced, we examine the work of Robert Axelrod, Thomas Schelling, and Josep Colomer, who highlight important dimensions of the problem but underplay the role of risk-embracing leadership. Finally we discuss leadership successes and failures in the Northern Ireland settlement and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

On Non-domination

Mi objetivo en este ensayo es defender una perspectiva de la no-dominación, proponiéndola como una base más adecuada para la justicia que las alternativas existentes. Distingo esa perspectiva de dos tipos de alternativas: aquellas cuyos proponentes rechazan mi afirmación de que la no-dominación es la piedra fundante de la justicia y aquellas que están de acuerdo conmigo pero entienden la no-dominación de otra manera. El primer grupo se divide entre los partidarios de la igualdad, de una parte, y los partidarios de la libertad, de otra parte. Me refiero a sus argumentos en la primera parte del ensayo. Luego me refiero a las concepciones de la no-dominación propuestas por J. Habermas, M. Foucault, M. Walzer, Q. Skinner y Ph. Pettit. Esas visiones tienen varios puntos en común entre sí y con mi propia visión, pero también hay desacuerdos notables. Yo hago explícito lo que está en juego en las formulaciones alternativas, e indico por qué es preferible mi propia concepción, que se enraíza en una visión del poder enfocada en los recursos.My aim here is to defend a view of non-domination as providing a better basis for justice than the going alternatives. I differentiate it from two kinds of alternatives: those whose proponents reject my claim that non-domination is the bedrock of justice and the who agree with me but understand non-domination differently than I do. The first group divides into partisans of equality, on the one hand, and of freedom, on the other. Their arguments concern me in the first half of the essay. Then I turn to conceptions of non-domination put forward by J. Habermas, M. Foucault, M. Walzer, Q. Skinner and Ph. Pettit. There is considerable overlap among these various views and between them and mine but there are also notable disagreements. I spell out what is at stake in the alternative formulations, indicating why my own conception, rooted in power- based resourcism, is preferable

Containment ... Rebuilding a Strategy Against Global Terror

The University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.Ian Shapiro of Yale University lectures on containment of global terrorism.Ohio State University. Mershon Center for International Security StudiesEvent webpage, photo

Measurement of the elastoresistivity coefficients of the underdoped iron-arsenide Ba(Fe0.975_{0.975}Co0.025_{0.025})2_2As2_2

A new method is presented for measuring terms in the elastoresistivity tensor $m_{ij}$ of single crystal samples with tetragonal symmetry. The technique is applied to a representative underdoped Fe-arsenide, Ba(Fe$_{0.975}$Co$_{0.025}$)$_2$As$_2$, revealing an anomalously large and anisotropic elastoresistance in comparison to simple metals. The $m_{66}$ coefficient follows a Curie-Weiss temperature dependence, providing direct evidence that the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural phase transition that occurs at $T_s$ = 97.5 K in this material is not the result of a true-proper ferro-elastic transition. Rather, the material suffers a pseudo-proper transition for which the lattice strain is not the primary order parameter

A homoleptic phosphine adduct of Tl(I)

A homoleptic phosphine adduct of thallium(I) supported by a tris(phosphino)borate ligand has been isolated and structurally characterized

Correlating AFM Probe Morphology to Image Resolution for Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Tips

We report local-field-enhanced light emission from silicon nanocrystals close to a film of nanoporous gold. We resolve photoluminescence as the gold−Si nanocrystal separation distance is varied between 0 and 20 nm and observe a fourfold luminescence intensity enhancement concomitant with increases in the coupled silicon nanocrystal/nanoporous gold absorbance cross section and radiative decay rate. A detailed analysis of the luminescence data indicated a local-field-enhanced quantum efficiency of 58% for the Si nanocrystals coupled to the nanoporous gold layer

Polar mesoscale cyclones in the northeast Atlantic: Comparing climatologies from ERA-40 and satellite imagery

Polar mesoscale cyclones over the subarctic are thought to be an important component of the coupled atmosphere–ocean climate system. However, the relatively small scale of these features presents some concern as to their representation in the meteorological reanalysis datasets that are commonly used to drive ocean models. Here polar mesocyclones are detected in the 40-Year European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis dataset (ERA-40) in mean sea level pressure and 500-hPa geopotential height, using an automated cyclone detection algorithm. The results are compared to polar mesocyclones detected in satellite imagery over the northeast Atlantic, for the period October 1993–September 1995. Similar trends in monthly cyclone numbers and a similar spatial distribution are found. However, there is a bias in the size of cyclones detected in the reanalysis. Up to 80% of cyclones larger than 500 km are detected in MSL pressure, but this hit rate decreases, approximately linearly, to ∼40% for 250-km-scale cyclones and to ∼20% for 100-km-scale cyclones. Consequently a substantial component of the associated air–sea fluxes may be missing from the reanalysis, presenting a serious shortcoming when using such reanalysis data for ocean modeling simulations. Eight maxima in cyclone density are apparent in the mean sea level pressure, clustered around synoptic observing stations in the northeast Atlantic. They are likely spurious, and a result of unidentified shortcomings in the ERA-40 data assimilation procedure