The Asymmetric Effect of Dietary Knowledge on Nutrient Intake In China: Implications for Dietary Education Programs

This paper demonstrates that dietary knowledge can influence nutrient intake differently depending on whether expected food availability is increasing or decreasing. Using data from China, we find that overall dietary knowledge has larger and more statistically significant effects on total calorie intake and the intake of three macro nutrients (carbohydrate, fat, and protein) when expected food availability increases than when it decreases. Without distinguishing the direction of changes in expected food availability, most of the corresponding effects become smaller and statistically insignificant. Thus, the effect of dietary knowledge on nutrient intake might have been underestimated in previous studies. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design and implementation of dietary education programs.Dietary Knowledge, Nutrition, Food, China, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Barrier effect of grain boundaries on the avalanche propagation of polycrystalline plasticity

To investigate the barrier effect of grain boundaries on the propagation of avalanche-like plasticity at the atomic-scale, we perform three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations by using simplified polycrystal models including symmetric-tilt grain boundaries. The cut-offs of stress-drop distributions following power-law distributions decrease as the size of the crystal grains decreases. We show that some deformation avalanches are confined by grain boundaries; on the other hand, unignorable avalanches penetrate all the grain boundaries included in the models. The blocking probability that one grain boundary hinders this system-spanning avalanche is evaluated by using an elemental probabilistic model.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Nontrivial ferrimagnetism of the Heisenberg model on the Union Jack strip lattice

We study the ground-state properties of the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the Union Jack strip lattice by using the exact-diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods. We confirm a region of the intermediate-magnetization state between the Neel-like spin liquid state and the conventional ferrimagnetic state of Lieb-Mattis type. In the intermediate-state, we find that the spontaneous magnetization changes gradually with respect to the strength of the inner interaction. In addition, the local magnetization clearly shows an incommensurate modulation with long-distance periodicity in the intermediate-magnetization state. These characteristic behaviors lead to the conclusion that the intermediate-magnetization state is the non-Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic one. We also discuss the relationship between the ground-state properties of the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the original Union Jack lattice and those on our strip lattice.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Journal of Korean Physical Society. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1207.677

Rational tangle surgery and Xer recombination on catenanes

The protein recombinase can change the knot type of circular DNA. The action of a recombinase converting one knot into another knot is normally mathematically modeled by band surgery. Band surgeries on a 2-bridge knot N((4mn-1)/(2m)) yielding a (2,2k)-torus link are characterized. We apply this and other rational tangle surgery results to analyze Xer recombination on DNA catenanes using the tangle model for protein-bound DNA.Comment: 20 pages, 23 figure

Ripple state in the frustrated honeycomb-lattice antiferromagnet

We discover a new type of multiple-$q$ state, "ripple state", in a frustrated honeycomb-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet under magnetic fields. The ground state has an infinite ring-like degeneracy in the wavevector space, exhibiting a cooperative paramagnetic state, "ring-liquid" state. We elucidate that the system exhibits the ripple state as a new low-temperature thermodynamic phase via a second-order phase transition from the ring-liquid state, keeping the ring-like spin structure factor. The spin texture in real space looks like a "water ripple" and can induce a giant electric polarization vortex. Possible relationship to the honeycomb-lattice compound, ${\rm Bi_{3}Mn_{4}O_{12}(NO_{3})}$, is discussed.Comment: 6+7 pages, 3+7 figures, revised manuscript accepted in PR