Study of Coding techniques and its application to OTDR

In the following thesis, we will be discussing the different aspects and parameters involving Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) as well as different aspects of unipolar coding techniques. The purpose of this thesis is to fully understand the methods by which unipolar codes like the Golay and Simplex codes are created from Hadamard matrices and to understand its application in Optical Time Domain Reflectometry. Furthermore, this thesis also delves into the region of performance enhancement of Optical Time Domain Reflectometer by means of implementation of these coding technique

Designing of Scale to Measure the Attitude of ARS Trainees towards FOCARS Programme of NAARM

The psychological object for the present study has been conceptualized as different components of a training programme. The attitude of the respondents towards FOCARS(Foundation Course for Agricultural Research Services). The FOCARS is designed for the newly recruited entry level scientists to the Agricultural Research Service of the ICAR.The extent of effectivenesss of the programme is depends on the attitude change of the trainees. To measure the attitude of the trainees a standardised scale was essential. Hence, it was felt necessary to construct a comprehensive, valid and reliable scale for studying the attitude of trainees towards FOCARS programme. Method of equal appearing intervals developed by Thurstone and Chave (1929) was used. Finally sixty statements were selected after the editing based on Edwards criteria. The statements were then subjected for judging to 40 experts. Each subject was asked to judge the degree of more favorableness or more unfavorableness of feeling expressed by each statement in terms of the 11 intervals. Finally, 26 statements were selected from statements for which scale (S) and Q values were worked out. The scale values of the statements on the psychological continuum were relatively equally spaced

Extent of Empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs on Entrepreneurial and Technological Empowerment

Empowerment of women entrepreneurs in the context of technology entails building up the abilities and skills of women to gain insight into the issues affecting them and also building up their capacity to voice their concerns. Technological empowerment of women entrepreneurs will open up avenues to further nrichment. By the use of technology women can broaden the scope of their activities. Hence the present paper focused on analyzing the entrepreneurial and technological empowerment of women entrepreneurs. Majority of the women entrepreneurs had medium level of entrepreneurial and low level of technological empowerment

A comprehensive analysis of serum D-dimer and Ferritin levels, in 347 patients with severe (breathlessness and chest discomfort) corona virus disease 2019

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum D-dimer and Ferritin levels, in patients with severe (Breathlessness and chest discomfort) corona virus disease 2019.Methods:  The present study included a 347 (out of 1500) patients with severe Breathlessness and Chest discomfort age between 40 to 60 years who were confirmed to have Covid-19 based on RTPCR in a GVPIHC&MT referral hospital between 2020 June and 2020 August, were analysed.Results:  A total No of 694 cases were studied by dividing them into two groups controls 347 and cases 347. The results so obtained compare with 347 healthy controls included in this study.  Statistical evaluation was carried out to confirm any deviation from the normal values.  The Mean± SD Serum FERRITIN Cases (654.45±317.45), controls (157.03±87.43), D-dimer values of cases (6.1517±3.4270), controls (0.2204±0.1083) and both serum Ferritin and D-dimer values in cases (3.443230±3.625471), controls (0.201372±0.121560). This increase is statistically P value highly significant (<0.001)Conclusions:  It has been shown from this study with, the serum activities of D-Dimer and Ferritin levels were markedly increased in Severe Breathlessness and Chest discomfort in male and female COVID-19 patients.

Study on Quality of Life and Productivity in Post Menopausal Women.

Background: The overall health and well-being of middle-aged women have become a significant public health concern worldwide. More than 80% of women experience physical or psychological symptoms in the years when they approach menopause, with various distresses and disturbances in their lives, leading to a decrease in the quality of life. Materials and methods: It is a prospective Observational Questionnaire-based study, conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SVIMS-SPMC (W), Tirupati.&nbsp; The data collected included knowledge, assessment, and perception questionnaires about menopausal symptoms, which were given to each participant who enrolled in the study. They were all instructed to complete the questionnaires. Results: For somatic difficulties, 32.7% reported moderate symptoms, 19.7% reported psychological symptoms, and 22.75% indicated urogenital problems. 26.5% of people\u27s quality of life and 24.25% of people\u27s productivity were affected by this degree of severity. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The prevalence of severe symptoms was lower, with 6.5% reporting severe urogenital problems, 10.3% expressing severe somatic symptoms, and 4.57% reporting severe psychological symptoms. At this level, 5.33% reported a major reduction in quality of life, while 3.25% experienced a considerable fall in productivity. Conclusion: Post-menopausal women had a significant prevalence of menopausal symptoms, according to the study, which highlights the need for proactive care and more awareness

USER INTERFACE DESIGN FOR MANAGEMENT OF THE NETWORK ELEMENTS USING DOJO

This paper focuses on the design of the user interface for managing network elements using dojo. Dojo is an open source java script toolkit which is used for constructing dynamic web user interfaces. Here we are designing the user interface for the management of the network elements in a optical management system .User can see the tree list of all the network elements and network element hierarchy and will be able to access on any network element and view the details and status of it and perform provisioning operations on it. It also provides various user forms and tabular representation of the network elements. Dojo is more efficient than the JavaScript and HTML in terms of security, cross platform support and providing dynamism. Dojo saves the time and scales with the development process, using web standards as its platform

Evaluation of the Effect of Water on Three Different Light Cured Composite Restorative Materials Stored in Water: An In Vitro Study

Objectives. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate whether weight gain or loss in the three different composites occurs due to water absorption when they are stored in water. Methods. The composite restorative materials selected for this study included a microfine hybrid (Synergy) and two nanofilled composite restorative materials (Ceram X and Filtek Supreme Ultra). Twenty specimens of each material were fabricated of each composite material. Group A: Filtek Supreme Ultra, Group B: Synergy, Group C: Ceram X. Then all the specimens were stored in 10 ml Distilled water containing test tubes and placed in incubator at 37°C for six weeks. The weight changes of these specimens were measured daily for the first week and later once a week for next five weeks by using an electrical analytical balance. Results. The data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Student's t test. All groups showed maximum amount of water absorption in the first week than gradual decrease in the water absorption from the second to the sixth week, as compared to the first week and there is no statistically significant difference between the groups tested. Conclusion. All the composite restorative material absorbs some amount of water. The water absorption of the composite may decrease the physical and mechanical properties of the composites; hence it is necessary to consider the type of the material before starting the treatment

Evaluation of Phosphatase and Tensin (PTEN) Homolog Immunoexpression in Normal Oral Mucosa, Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23. PTEN plays a major role in cell cycle arrest, programming apoptosis, regulation of cell adhesion, migration and differentiation. Loss of heterozygosity and mutations of PTEN have been detected in many human cancers. Studies have shown that loss of PTEN expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and in potentially malignant disorders. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and correlate the expression of Phosphatase and Tensin (PTEN) homolog marker in normal oral mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) was analyzed in formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks of hisopathologically confirmed cases of normal oral mucosa (n=10), oral epithelial dysplasia (n=10) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (n=30). RESULTS: There was statistically significant loss of PTEN expression seen in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma when compared to that in normal oral mucosa based on the intensity of staining as well as positive and negative staining. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: The results suggested that immunohistochemical expression of PTEN was reduced in dysplasia and in oral squamous cell carcinoma when compared to that in normal oral mucosa

HAPPI: an online database of comprehensive human annotated and predicted protein interactions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human protein-protein interaction (PPIs) data are the foundation for understanding molecular signalling networks and the functional roles of biomolecules. Several human PPI databases have become available; however, comparisons of these datasets have suggested limited data coverage and poor data quality. Ongoing collection and integration of human PPIs from different sources, both experimentally and computationally, can enable disease-specific network biology modelling in translational bioinformatics studies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We developed a new web-based resource, the Human Annotated and Predicted Protein Interaction (HAPPI) database, located at <url>http://bio.informatics.iupui.edu/HAPPI/</url>. The HAPPI database was created by extracting and integrating publicly available protein interaction databases, including HPRD, BIND, MINT, STRING, and OPHID, using database integration techniques. We designed a unified entity-relationship data model to resolve semantic level differences of diverse concepts involved in PPI data integration. We applied a unified scoring model to give each PPI a measure of its reliability that can place each PPI at one of the five star rank levels from 1 to 5. We assessed the quality of PPIs contained in the new HAPPI database, using evolutionary conserved co-expression pairs called "MetaGene" pairs to measure the extent of MetaGene pair and PPI pair overlaps. While the overall quality of the HAPPI database across all star ranks is comparable to the overall qualities of HPRD or IntNetDB, the subset of the HAPPI database with star ranks between 3 and 5 has a much higher average quality than all other human PPI databases. As of summer 2008, the database contains 142,956 non-redundant, medium to high-confidence level human protein interaction pairs among 10,592 human proteins. The HAPPI database web application also provides …” should be “The HAPPI database web application also provides hyperlinked information of genes, pathways, protein domains, protein structure displays, and sequence feature maps for interactive exploration of PPI data in the database.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>HAPPI is by far the most comprehensive public compilation of human protein interaction information. It enables its users to fully explore PPI data with quality measures and annotated information necessary for emerging network biology studies.</p

Letter to editor in response to: lepromatous leprosy in primigravida with early onset pre-eclampsia in third trimester: a rare case report

We read with great interest the case report on lepromatous leprosy in a primigravida with early-onset pre-eclampsia in the third trimester. The authors have brought attention to a rare and interesting clinical scenario. However, certain aspects of the case report need some clarification