Exploring the problems faced by menopausal women and the impact of family support during menopausal transition in Pinarayi Panchayat, Kerala: A qualitative study

The perimenopause marks the start of the phase of change from the reproductive to the non reproductive cycle. Despite the fact that it is regarded as a normal life transition, new studies have shown that issues and family support may have an impact on the quality of her life. Nearly all studies looked at the frequency, familiarity, and awareness of menopausal symptoms, but they did not show the issues women are dealing with during the perimenopausal stage. This study aimed to explore the biopsychosocial problems and family support on menopausal transition among menopausal women. A qualitative research approach was adopted for the study. Sample comprised of 20 menopausal women obtain through purposive sampling technique who fulfilled sampling criteria. By using interview guide in depth interview were conducted among sample till the data saturation occurs. Thematic analysis revealed that biopsychosocial problems are there in their transition period and the lack of family support during menopausal transition period totally affecting their subjective well being. This focus on importance of health promotion strategies especially in middle aged women. Its an urgent need of motivating them continuously with an educational program regarding the perimenopause and the life style modifications to be done to prevent cardiovascular diseases as well as osteoporosis which was quiet common for women after 60’s now a days

Problemas que enfrentan las mujeres en transiciónmenopáusica y apoyo familiar que reciben enPinarayipanchayat, Kerala, India. Un estudio cualitativo

The perimenopause marks the start of the phase of change from the reproductive to the non reproductive cycle. Despite the fact that it is regarded as a normal life transition, new studies have shown that issues and family support may have an impact on the quality of her life. Nearly all studies looked at the frequency, familiarity, and awareness of menopausal symptoms, but they did not show the issues women are dealing with during the perimenopausal stage. This study aimed to explore the biopsychosocial problems and family support on menopausal transition among menopausal women. A qualitative research approach was adopted for the study. Sample comprised of 20 menopausal women obtain through purposive sampling technique who fulfilled sampling criteria. By using interview guide in depth interview were conducted among sample till the data saturation occurs. Thematic analysis revealed that biopsychosocial problems are there in their transition period and the lack of family support during menopausal transition period totally affecting their subjective well being. This focus on importance of health promotion strategies especially in middle aged women. Its an urgent need of motivating them continuously with an educational program regarding the perimenopause and the life style modifications to be done to prevent cardiovascular diseases as well as osteoporosis which was quiet common for women after 60’s now a days.La perimenopausia marca el inicio de la fase de cambio desde el ciclo reproductivo al no reproductivo. A pesar de que se trata de una transición normal de la vida, nuevos estudios han demostrado que los problemas que surgen y el apoyo familiar con que cuenten pueden repercutir sobresu calidad de vida. Casi todo estudio previo analiza la frecuencia, la familiaridad y el conocimiento de la mujer sobre los síntomas de la menopausia, pero no muestran los problemas a los que se enfrentan durante la etapa perimenopáusica. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar los problemas biopsicosociales y el nivel de apoyo familiar con el que cuentan. Para este estudio se adoptó un enfoque de investigación cualitativa.  Nuestra muestra estuvo compuesta por 20 mujeres menopáusicas reclutadas mediante la técnica de muestreo intencional bajo ciertos criterios de muestreo. Mediante el uso de una guía de entrevista, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad entre las mujeres de la muestra hasta que se produjo la saturación de datos. El análisis temático reveló que los problemas biopsicosociales están presentes desde su período de transición, y que la falta de apoyo familiar afecta totalmente su bienestar subjetivo. De ahí la importancia de estrategias de promoción de la salud, especialmente entre mujeres de edad madura. Es urgente motivarlas continuamente con un programa educativo sobre la perimenopausia y las modificaciones de estilo de vida relevantes para prevenirenfermedades cardiovasculares, así como la osteoporosis, que hoy en día es bastante común en las mujeres a partir de los 60 años.

Predictores del síndrome premenstrual: resultados de un grupo focal de adolescentes tardías en un colegio privado de enfermería en Kerala, India. Un enfoque de método mixto

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterised by the cyclic occurrence of physical, psychological and behavioural symptoms during the menstrual cycle. It is evident from the literature that PMS is a common problem in all over the globe as majority (77.5%) of women believe it has a significant impact on their lives. This study aimed to determine the incidence, intensity and factors influencing PMS among adolescent girls. A mixed method approach was adopted with descriptive design for assessing the incidence and intensity (Quantitative) and FGD for determining the factors influencing PMS (Qualitative). The sample comprised of 100 students from a private college of Nursing under (xxxx) who fulfilled the selection criteria and selected by random sampling. By using Standardized Stainer and Wilkin’s PMS diagnostic criteria tool the incidence and intensity of PMS was assessed and 10 volunteer students with criteria >10 (moderate and severe) were for FGD. The results revealed that 86% of the participants were having PMS. Twenty-four percentage reported mild symptoms, where as 54% and 8 % had moderate and severe PMS respectively.  Thematic analysis revealed that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are influencing PMS.  As conclusion, it is proved that PMS is found to be an important health issue influenced by lifestyle factors (The highest number of codes found in thematic analysis) among adolescent girls and surging day by day with intensity. Its an urgent need of motivating them continuously with an educational program regarding the factors of PMS and its after effects.Contexto: El SPM (SPM) se caracteriza por la aparición cíclica de síntomas físicos, psicológicos y de comportamiento antes del ciclo menstrual. De la literatura se desprende que es un problema común en todo el mundo, ya que 77.5% de las mujeres encuestadas afirmaron presentarlo y que tiene un impacto significativo en sus vidas. Objetivos: Este estudio se propuso determinar la incidencia, la intensidad y los factores predictivos del SPM entre un grupo de adolescentes hindués. Entorno y diseño: Un colegio privado de enfermería en Kerala, India. Método mixto, con diseño descriptivo. Métodos y material: La muestra consistió de 100 estudiantes que cumplieron los criterios de selección por muestreo aleatorio, para evaluar la incidencia y la intensidad de la presencia del SPM (cuantitativas). De ellas, se seleccionaron 10 estudiantes para una discusión en grupo focal (DFG) con el fin de determinar los predictores cualitativos del SPM. Incidencia e intensidad del SPM se evaluaron mediante la herramienta de criterios de diagnóstico, estandarizados por Stainer y Wilkin, se seleccionaron 10 estudiantes voluntarias con criterios >10 (moderado y grave) para la DFG. Análisis estadístico utilizado: temático y descriptivo. Resultados: 86% de las participantes experimentaban SPM; 24% declararon síntomas leves, 54% y 8% moderados y graves, respectivamente. El análisis reveló que tanto factores intrínsecos como extrínsecos influyen sobre la presencia y experiencia del SPM. Conclusiones: El SPM es un importante problema de salud en el que influyen factores relacionados con el estilo de vida de las adolescentes, va en aumento y urge motivar continuamente a las adolescentes mediante programas educativos

Prevalence of and barriers to exclusive breast feeding among mothers of infants in selected hospitals in Mangalore. India

Introduction. UNICEF and WHO recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) as crucial for achieving sustainable development goals.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of infants aged 6 to 12 months to estimate the prevalence of and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding. Data were collected from 440 mothers using structured, validated tools from May 2022 to January 2023.Results. Analysis revealed that the prevalence of EBF among mothers in a selected hospital in Mangalore is 58.9%. The identified barriers included inadequate breast milk (42.5%), excessive concern about the baby’s weight gain (41.4%), difficulties with proper latching (26.5%), maternal medications (28.2%), infant illness (22.7%), lack of awareness regarding EBF (12.2%), the need to resume work (12.2%), time constraints (12.2%), family pressure to introduce formula due to perceived poor weight gain (12.2%), breast complications (9.9%), subsequent pregnancies (7.7%), lack of family support (5.5%), lack of partner support (5%), and misinformation (1.7%). Significant associations were found between EBF and factors such as exposure to pre-pregnancy breastfeeding education, place of residence, sources of breastfeeding information, number of antenatal visits, type of delivery, and the immediate initiation of breastfeeding, all at a significance level of 0.001.Conclusion. Pre-pregnancy education on breastfeeding enhances the immediate initiation of breastfeeding, reduces barriers to EBF, and promotes adherence to EBF

An observational study on breast feeding Success among postnatal mothers

Abstract Background: Under modern health care, human breast milk is considered the healthiest form of milk for babies. It also promotes the health of both mother and infant and helps to prevent disease.1 WHO states that, the vast majority of mothers can and should breast feed, just as the vast majority of infants can and should be breast fed.5 Purpose: The current study has aimed to determine the breastfeeding success among postnatal mothers. Methods: A descriptive survey approach was conducted on 50 postnatal mothers who were in the postnatal wards of a selected hospital. Observational checklist with 26 items were utilized to collect data. Results: Through descriptive analysis it was found that majority (44%) of mothers were in the age group of 20 – 25 years. Majority (68%) were Hindus. In type of delivery 84% had full term normal delivery. With regards to parity, 44% were multis. In relation to sex of the baby, 68% were females. The condition of the mother and the baby after delivery was good and normal in 100%. An observational checklist on breastfeeding success shows that the success rate on breastfeeding was high. There were 4 items such as getting ready to feed, Latching on, Feed itself and after feed and each item had 4 to 8 specific items on observational checklists on breastfeeding which indicates that in most of the mothers breastfeeding was a success. By inferential statistics it was found that type of delivery is associated with breast feeding (P &lt; 0.05). Since all other p values are more than 0.05 there was no association between those selected demographic variables with breast feeding at 5% level of significance. Conclusion:Breast feeding is an age-old practice among most of the post-natal mothers to feed their young ones. In India, most of the mothers, practice giving breast milk to babies for about 1 to 2 years. Assistance by the health workers is not much sought as most of the bystanders assist the mothers in breast feeding. In the present study also, we have come across mothers successfully breastfeeding their babies and they are contented.</jats:p

Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on Knowledge among ASHA Workers Regarding HPV Infection in a Selected Rural Community of Mangaluru, India

Introduction: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a major aetiological agent for cervical cancer, the second most common cancer in the world. The main role of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) includes, motivating women to give birth in hospitals, bringing children to immunisation clinics, encouraging family planning, treating minor ailments, keeping demographic records, and improving village sanitation. In the community, ASHA create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilise the community towards local health planning and increased utilisation and accountability of the existing health services. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding HPV infection among ASHA workers. Materials and Methods: A pre-test post-test design was adapted for this study. Fifty-eight ASHA workers were selected using a convenience sampling method. A pre-test was conducted to assess the existing knowledge on HPV infection with the help of structured knowledge questionnaire, followed by Video-Assisted Teaching on HPV infection and seven days later a post-test was done. Interpretation of score of knowledge questionnaire between 1-5 was considered as poor knowledge, 6-10 an average knowledge, 11-15 good knowledge and 16-20 excellent knowledge. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The p-value less than 0.05 were considered to be significant by Z-test. Results: The knowledge of HPV infection was improved noticeably after the video-assisted teaching program as the pre-test mean knowledge score was 7.19±2.55, and the post-test score was 13.10±1.95 at p&lt;0.05. Statistically significant effectiveness of the video-assisted teaching program was established using Willcoxon signed-rank test (Z-value=-6.56 with p&lt;0.05); however, no significant association was found between the pre-test level knowledge and demographic variables. Conclusion: Knowledge of HPV infection among peripheral community workers is vital as it can influence the broader population and avoid this preventable disease condition at the grass root level. The current study revealed that a video-assisted teaching program on HPV infection effectively improved the knowledge level of ASHA workers.</jats:p

A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome) among Nursing Students at NUINS.

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder which affects the adolescent girls. It has been found through studies that it affects around 5% to 10% of women in their reproductive years. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge on the polycystic ovarian syndrome among the student nurses. The data was collected from the nursing students by using structured questionnaire. The data collected from 150 samples in Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences. Descriptive survey research approach was adopted and data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Distribution of the samples on demographic characteristics revealed that 85% of the samples were in the age group of 21-25years, 75% of the samples were Christians, 82% of the samples were consuming mixed diet, and 92% samples had regular menstrual cycle. 76% of the samples were with average knowledge and 10.7% with good knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome. Hence the study concluded that Source of information, consumption of junk food, dietary patterns of the students were associated with their level of knowledge on PCOS at 5% level of significance.</jats:p