Imaging cold atoms with shot-noise and diffraction limited holography

We theoretically develop and experimentally demonstrate a holographic method for imaging cold atoms at the diffraction and photon shot noise limits. Aided by a double point source reference field, a simple iterative algorithm robustly removes the twin image of an $^{87}$Rb cold atom sample during the image reconstruction. Shot-noise limited phase shift and absorption images are consistently retrieved at various probe detunings, and during the laser cooling process. We consistently resolve less than 2 mrad phase shift ($0.4~\%$ attenuation) of the probe light, outperforming shot-noise limited phase-contrast (absorption) imaging by a factor of 4 or more if the same camera is used without pixel saturation. We discuss the possible extension of this work for precise phase imaging of dense atomic gases, and for off-resonant probing of multiple atoms in optical lattices.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures. An inaccurate statement has been correcte

A multi-photon magneto-optical trap

We demonstrate a Magneto-Optical Trap (MOT) configuration which employs optical forces due to light scattering between electronically excited states of the atom. With the standard MOT laser beams propagating along the {\it x}- and {\it y}- directions, the laser beams along the {\it z}-direction are at a different wavelength that couples two sets of {\it excited} states. We demonstrate efficient cooling and trapping of cesium atoms in a vapor cell and sub-Doppler cooling on both the red and blue sides of the two-photon resonance. The technique demonstrated in this work may have applications in background-free detection of trapped atoms, and in assisting laser-cooling and trapping of certain atomic species that require cooling lasers at inconvenient wavelengths.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Demonstration of a moving guide based atom interferometer for rotation sensing

We demonstrate area-enclosing atom interferometry based on a moving guide. Light pulses along the free propagation direction of a magnetic guide are applied to split and recombine the confined atomic matter-wave, while the atoms are translated back and forth along a second direction in 50 ms. The interferometer is estimated to resolve ten times the earth rotation rate per interferometry cycle. We demonstrate a ``folded figure 8'' interfering configuration for creating a compact, large-area atom gyroscope with multiple-turn interfering paths.Comment: Minor revisio

Sub-Doppler laser cooling of fermionic 40K atoms in three-dimensional gray optical molasses

We demonstrate sub-Doppler cooling of 40K on the D_1 atomic transition. Using a gray molasses scheme, we efficiently cool a compressed cloud of 6.5x10^8 atoms from ~ 4\mK to 20uK in 8 ms. After transfer in a quadrupole magnetic trap, we measure a phase space density of ~10^-5. This technique offers a promising route for fast evaporation of fermionic 40K.Comment: 6 pages; 7 figures; submitted to EP

Demonstration of a Multipulse Interferometer for Quantum Kicked-Rotor Studies

We implemented a multipulse interferometer scheme that allows us to study a quantum kicked rotor by observing dephasing of momentum coherence. Our study shows that momentum coherence can be nearly perfectly preserved under conditions where the mean energy as a function of the kick number is known to increase without bound. The accompanying width narrowing of these coherences may provide a new method for accurate measurement of the recoil frequency.Physic

Quantum interference and light polarization effects in unresolvable atomic lines: application to a precise measurement of the 6,7 Li D2 lines

We characterize the effect of quantum interference on the line shapes and measured line positions in atomic spectra. These effects, which occur when the excited state splittings are of order the excited state line widths, represent an overlooked but significant systematic effect. We show that excited state interference gives rise to non-Lorenztian line shapes that depend on excitation polarization, and we present expressions for the corrected line shapes. We present spectra of 6,7 Li D lines taken at multiple excitation laser polarizations and show that failure to account for interference changes the inferred line strengths and shifts the line centers by as much as 1 MHz. Using the correct lineshape, we determine absolute optical transition frequencies with an uncertainty of <= 25kHz and provide an improved determination of the difference in mean square nuclear charge radii between 6 Li and 7 Li. This analysis should be important for a number of high resolution spectral measurements that include partially resolvable atomic lines.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables, typos in appendix tables V and VI correcte

An Atom Michelson Interferometer on a Chip Using a Bose-Einstein Condensate

An atom Michelson interferometer is implemented on an "atom chip." The chip uses lithographically patterned conductors and external magnetic fields to produce and guide a Bose-Einstein condensate. Splitting, reflecting, and recombining of condensate atoms are achieved by a standing-wave light field having a wave vector aligned along the atom waveguide. A differential phase shift between the two arms of the interferometer is introduced by either a magnetic-field gradient or with an initial condensate velocity. Interference contrast is still observable at 20% with atom propagation time of 10 ms

Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Pendapatan Dan Religiusitas Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat Profesi Guru Di SMPN 17 Kota Jambi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh&nbsp; pengetahuan, pendapatan dan religiusitas terhadap minat membayar zakat profesi guru di SMPN 17&nbsp; Kota Jambi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dan metode analisis&nbsp; data yang digunakan adalah analisis linear berganda yang dibantu dengn software SPSS (Statistics Package For Social Science) 29. Populasi data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah guru di SMPN 17 Kota Jambi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara positif antara variabel pengetahuan terhadap minat membayar zakat, terdpat pengaruh yang signifikan secara positf antara variabel pendapatan terhadap minat membayar zakat dan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel religiusitas terhadap minat membayar zakat. Adapun pengaruh antara kombinasi ketiga variabel pengetahuan, pendapatan dan religiusitas yang dijelaskan terhadap minat membayar zakat adalah sebesar 64,5%. Sehingga sisanya sebesar 35,5% dijelaskan oleh variabel selain variabel penelitian ini