A large displacement structural analysis of a pipeline subjected to gravity and bouyancy forces

p. 489-508A nonlinear analysis of an elastic tube subjected to gravity forces and buoyancy pressure is carried out. An update lagrangian formulation is used. The structural analysis efficiency in terms of computer time and accuracy, has been improved when load stiffness matrices have been introduced. In this way the follower forces characteristics such as their intensity and direction changes can be well represented. A sensitivity study of different involved variables on the final deformed pipeline shape is carried out.Mosquera, JC.; Garcia-Palacios, J.; Samartin, A. (2009). A large displacement structural analysis of a pipeline subjected to gravity and bouyancy forces. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/654

DO BANKING RELATIONSHIPS IMPROVE CREDIT CONDITIONS FOR SPANISH SMES?

Small and medium-sized companies are extremely important for the Spanish economy. However, they face difficulties when trying to obtain financing (credit rationing). As a result, and given their limited possibilities to obtain finance in the capital market, they turn to the credit market, which is the main provider of funds for such companies. The main aim of this study is to provide an insight into the banking relationships that are developed in this market and their impact on credit rationing. Previous literature has studied this situation by focusing on price rationing and quantity rationing. This study furthers research into banking relationships by examining the effects that these relationships may have on compensation demanded for debt and the relationship with long-term credit rationing. After studying 386 SMEs listed in the Spanish Guide of Exporting Companies, the main conclusions drawn were as follows: i) SMEs working with larger numbers of financial entities and with longer relationships with these entities enjoy better access to credit; ii) SMEs that develop banking relationships by contracting financial products manage to reduce their credit costs; iii) SMEs that have longer banking relationships with banking entities benefit from better long-term credit conditions; and iv) the maintenance of banking relationships through the rendering of services reduces bank requirements in terms of guarantees in credit applications.

Optimal boundary geometry in an elasticity problem: a systematic adjoint approach

p. 509-524In different problems of Elasticity the definition of the optimal geometry of the boundary, according to a given objective function, is an issue of great interest. Finding the shape of a hole in the middle of a plate subjected to an arbitrary loading such that the stresses along the hole minimizes some functional or the optimal middle curved concrete vault for a tunnel along which a uniform minimum compression are two typical examples. In these two examples the objective functional depends on the geometry of the boundary that can be either a curve (in case of 2D problems) or a surface boundary (in 3D problems). Typically, optimization is achieved by means of an iterative process which requires the computation of gradients of the objective function with respect to design variables. Gradients can by computed in a variety of ways, although adjoint methods either continuous or discrete ones are the more efficient ones when they are applied in different technical branches. In this paper the adjoint continuous method is introduced in a systematic way to this type of problems and an illustrative simple example, namely the finding of an optimal shape tunnel vault immersed in a linearly elastic terrain, is presented.Garcia-Palacios, J.; Castro, C.; Samartin, A. (2009). Optimal boundary geometry in an elasticity problem: a systematic adjoint approach. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/654

Financial Intermediaries and Transaction Costs

We present an overlapping generations model with spatial separation and agents who face unsystematic liquidity risk. In a pure exchange economy, agents engage in life cycle portfolio rebalancing. In an intermediated economy, intergenerational banks or mutual funds cater to diversified clienteles so as to avoid rebalancing transactions. In equilibrium, these intermediaries pay redemptions with portfolio income and never sell secondary assets. We also find that the pure exchange economy has a downward sloping yield curve and is inherently cyclical.Financial Intermediation, Overlapping Generations, Liquidity.

Impacts of changing climate and land use on vegetation dynamics in a Mediterranean ecosystem: insights from paleoecology and dynamic modeling

Forests near the Mediterranean coast have been shaped by millennia of human disturbance. Consequently, ecological studies relying on modern observations or historical records may have difficulty assessing natural vegetation dynamics under current and future climate. We combined a sedimentary pollen record from Lago di Massacciucoli, Tuscany, Italy with simulations from the LandClim dynamic vegetation model to determine what vegetation preceded intense human disturbance, how past changes in vegetation relate to fire and browsing, and the potential of an extinct vegetation type under present climate. We simulated vegetation dynamics near Lago di Massaciucoli for the last 7,000years using a local chironomid-inferred temperature reconstruction with combinations of three fire regimes (small infrequent, large infrequent, small frequent) and three browsing intensities (no browsing, light browsing, and moderate browsing), and compared model output to pollen data. Simulations with low disturbance support pollen-inferred evidence for a mixed forest dominated by Quercus ilex (a Mediterranean species) and Abies alba (a montane species). Whereas pollen data record the collapse of A. alba after 6000calyr bp, simulated populations expanded with declining summer temperatures during the late Holocene. Simulations with increased fire and browsing are consistent with evidence for expansion by deciduous species after A. alba collapsed. According to our combined paleo-environmental and modeling evidence, mixed Q. ilex and A. alba forests remain possible with current climate and limited disturbance, and provide a viable management objective for ecosystems near the Mediterranean coast and in regions that are expected to experience a mediterranean-type climate in the futur

Comment on “Bank runs, welfare and policy implications” by Haibin Zhu

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Critical theory as a transdisciplinary model

Starting from a critical look on Nicolescu\u27s proposals about the transdisciplinary, the presentation is proposed to review the epistemological limits of those from a materialistic conception of science. It is common place that, under the aegis of modern thought, the current development of science is characterized by the fragmentation and compartmentalization of knowledge. The diagnosis of this situation is presented, however, the diagnosis of this situation. If the most recent proposals place the origin of such fragmentation in mental or ideal aspects, it is raised on our part that it is due to the historical mutations of the capitalist mode of production, which is based from the manufacturing stage in the division of the division of the social work. This trend, late in the Academy, corresponds to the process of specialization of knowledge to the detriment of a universal approach such as the one known by the rationalist philosophies until the 18th century and early nineteenth century. The thesis is defended according to which the disciplinary segmentation of knowledge is atomized in particularist approaches whose correspondence- transactive- is recognized with singular coherence in the current stage of late capitalism, rather than in the historical and typical development of each field. It is also proposed, as a category of alternative analysis, that of the "paradigm" or "school" as forms of transdisciplinary epistemology, and whose models are critical theory, born a hundred years ago, and cultural studies. We locate the transdisciplinary in an earlier, and not later stage, at the time of disciplinary specialization

Escolha regulatória, controle judicial e a nova LINDB

Este artigo trata da escolha regulatória e do controle pelo Judiciário dos atos dela decorrentes à luz da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro (LINDB). O objetivo geral é verificar como deve se pautar o julgador na discussão da validade de atos normativos da agência reguladora em processos comuns e, para esse fim, analisa-se o poder regulatório da agência no Brasil, a escolha regulatória como categoria jurídica singular, sua competência normativa e o posicionamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre o assunto, especialmente as ADIs no 4.874 e 5.906; examina-se, ainda, a legalidade como princípio constitucional construído a partir de sua evolução, sua crise e sua definição na Constituição de 1988; e, por fim, investiga-se o controle judicial dos atos normativos consequentes de escolhas regulatórias, em hipóteses de controle concentrado e difuso de constitucionalidade, sendo este último o ambiente em que os arts. 20, 21, 23, 24 e 27 da Lei no 13.655, de 25 de abril de 2018, encontram melhor espaço para suas aplicações. This article deals with the regulatory choice and the Brazilian system of judicial review of the acts arising therefrom in light of the new Brazilian law´s interpretation (LINDB). The general objective is to verify how the judge should be guided in the discussion of the validity of regulatory acts of the regulatory agency in common proceedings and, for this purpose, the regulatory power of the agency in Brazil is analyzed, the regulatory choice as a unique legal category, its regulatory competence and the position of the Federal Supreme Court on the matter, especially the ADIs no. 4.874 and 5.906; it also examines legality as a constitutional principle built on its evolution, its crisis and its definition in the 1988 Constitution; and, finally, it investigates the judicial review of normative acts resulting from regulatory choices, in cases of concentrated and diffuse judicial review of constitutionality, the latter being the environment in which Articles 20, 21, 23, 24 and 27 of Law No. 13.655, of April 25, 2018, find better space for its applications