Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Syndrome (VKHS): First Two Cases Reported in Pediatric Age Group in Oman

The Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome (VKHS) is a unique form of granulomatous autoimmune disease that mostly impacts the pigmented tissues of the body. The main feature is bilateral granulomatous panuveitis, which is detected on ophthalmologic examination, along with additional systemic signs such as vitiligo, white hair, neurological involvement, or hearing loss. This study aims to report two cases of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome presented in the children age group, which is unusual and very rare, to improve recognition of this disease to avoid complications and delay referral

Severe Pneumonitis in Omani Infants During An In-Hospital Measles Outbreak

Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease. Despite aggressive national initiatives to eradicate measles, outbreaks have occurred in recent years. We report three infants who presented to a tertiary care hospital in Muscat, Oman, in 2019 with measles and then developed pneumonitis, received intensive care treatment and made full recoveries. Infants can have an atypical presentation and develop severe symptoms. Pneumonitis is a serious complication and the management strategies are controversial. The early detection of measles and isolation of affected individuals play major roles in the elimination of measles outbreaks. Keywords: Measles; Pneumonitis; Infant; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Vitamin; Case Report; Oman.  </jats:p

Severe Pneumonitis in Omani Infants During An In-Hospital Measles Outbreak: A report of three cases

Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease. Despite aggressive national initiatives to eradicate measles, outbreaks have occurred in recent years. We report three infants who presented to a tertiary care hospital in Muscat, Oman, in 2019 with measles and then developed pneumonitis, received intensive care treatment and made full recoveries. Infants can have an atypical presentation and develop severe symptoms. Pneumonitis is a serious complication and the management strategies are controversial. The early detection of measles and isolation of affected individuals play major roles in the elimination of measles outbreaks. Keywords: Measles; Pneumonitis; Infant; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Vitamin; Case Report; Oman.

Ceftriaxone-Induced Gallbladder Stones in Children

Gallbladder stones in children is one complication that is mostly seen in diseases such as hemolytic diseases, liver disease, and obesity. It can also be a secondary complication of long-duration use of antibiotics like ceftriaxone. However, gallbladder stone, together with sludge themselves, is unusual within the children's population. We observed three children with gallbladder stones who were on along course of intravenous ceftriaxone. In this study, we present the three cases of children aged between eleven months to seven years who were treated with high doses and for an extended period (more than two weeks) of intravenous ceftriaxone for a complicated systemic bacterial infection. The goal of this study is to raise awareness about the possibility of developing gallbladder stones in pediatric patients who receive a long course of intravenous ceftriaxone.</jats:p

A Novel Homozygous Mutation ABCA3gene: Presented as Sever Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Term Neonate

Congenital surfactant deficiency is a rare condition diagnosed in newborns who present with respiratory distress at birth. We report a case of a term Omani neonate with fatal surfactant protein deficiency who was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)of the Royal Hospital with respiratory distress syndrome with persistent interstitial infiltrates on serial chest x-ray responsive to intermittent surfactant administration. He underwent a lung biopsy, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of congenital surfactant protein deficiency. However, despite aggressive treatment and supportive measures, his condition rapidly deteriorated, and he succumbed after two months of admission. This case report will highlight and review surfactant deficiency differential diagnoses, management, and complications.</jats:p