Parental perceptions of neighborhood effects in Latino comunas: the script of "the delinquent" in understanding drug use, violence, and social disorganization

OBJECTIVES: To obtain rich information about how adult Latinos living in high-poverty/high-drug use neighborhoods perceive and negotiate their environment. METHODS: In 2008, thirteen adult caregivers in Santiago, Chile were interviewed with open-ended questions to ascertain beliefs about neighborhood effects and drug use. ANALYSIS: Inductive analysis was used to develop the codebook/identify trends. DISCUSSION: Residents externalized their understanding of drug use and misuse by invoking the concept of delinquent youth. A typology of their perceptions is offered. Learning more about residents’ circumstances may help focus on needs-based interventions. More research with Latino neighborhoods is needed for culturally-competent models of interventions.The present study received support from National Hispanic Science Network Fellows Summer grant awarded to the lead author. The study was also partially supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01:DA021181) and the Vivian A. and James L. Curtis School of Social Work Research and Training Center, University of Michigan. (National Hispanic Science Network; R01:DA021181 - National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Drug Abuse; Vivian A. and James L. Curtis School of Social Work Research and Training Center, University of Michigan

Seven views on approximate convexity and the geometry of K-spaces

As in Hokusai's series of paintings "Thirty six views of mount Fuji" in which mount Fuji's is sometimes scarcely visible, the central topic of this paper is the geometry of $K$-spaces although in some of the seven views presented $K$-spaces are not easily visible. We study the interplay between the behaviour of approximately convex (and approximately affine) functions on the unit ball of a Banach space and the geometry of Banach K-spaces.Comment: 2 figure

Sexual intercourse among adolescents in Santiago, Chile: a study of individual and parenting factors

OBJECTIVE: To examine a range of individual, parenting, and family factors associated with sexual intercourse among a community sample of youth and their families in Santiago, Chile. METHODS: Data were taken from the first wave of the Santiago Longitudinal Study conducted in January 2008–November 2009. Participants were 766 youth (mean age = 14.03 years, 51% male) from municipalities of low-to mid-socioeconomic status. Variables included emotional and behavioral subscales from the Child Behavior Checklist’s Youth Self Report, parental monitoring, family involvement, parental control and autonomy, relationship with each parent, and sexual activity. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the odds of sexual intercourse initiation. RESULTS: Seventy (9.14%) youth reported having had sex in their lifetime; the average age of first sexual intercourse among this group was 13.5 years (Standard Deviation [SD] = 1.74) for males and 14.08 (SD = 1.40) for females. Having sex was inversely associated with withdrawn-depressed symptoms (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.84, Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.72–0.97), but positively associated with somatic complaints (OR = 1.20, CI = 1.04–1.38) and rule breaking behavior (OR = 1.21, CI = 1.08–1.36), after adjusting for demographic and other individual and parenting variables. The majority (80%) of the youth who had had sex reported using protection at the time of last intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the role that mental health problems—some of them not commonly associated with onset of sexual activity—may play in a youth’s decision to have sex. The potential protective effects of several parenting and family characteristics disappeared with youth age and youth behavioral problems.R01 HD033487 - NICHD NIH HHS; R01 DA021181 - NIDA NIH HHS; DA021181 - NIDA NIH HH

Origen, concepción y tratamiento del ciclo de vida de los destinos turísticos: una reflexión entorno al modelo de butler

Desde su surgimiento, el Modelo del Ciclo de Vida de los Destinos Turísticos (MCVDT) desarrollado en el año 1980 por Richard Butler, dio lugar a grandes discusiones y generó una vasta literatura enfocada a su aplicación. Extenso ha sido el escrutinio del cual ha sido objeto, y amplias sus adaptaciones. En este trabajo, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, se busca establecer su origen, concepción y tratamiento, que ha llevado a lo largo de más de tres décadas, con la finalidad de determinar su vigencia como modelo estratégico de gestión y planeación dentro del ámbito del turismo así como sus limitantes conceptuales.UAEME

Fuzzy logic-based embedded system for video de-interlacing

Video de-interlacing algorithms perform a crucial task in video processing. Despite these algorithms are developed using software implementations, their implementations in hardware are required to achieve real-time operation. This paper describes the development of an embedded system for video de-interlacing. The algorithm for video de-interlacing uses three fuzzy logic-based systems to tackle three relevant features in video sequences: motion, edges, and picture repetition. The proposed strategy implements the algorithm as a hardware IP core on a FPGA-based embedded system. The paper details the proposed architecture and the design methodology to develop it. The resulting embedded system is verified on a FPGA development board and it is able to de-interlace in real-tim

Sacrectomía en bloque para tumores gigantes del sacro preservando las raíces de S1. Reporte de nueva técnica quirúrgica y resultado funcional

Los tumores primarios de sacro son lesiones raras que se caracterizan por ser localmente agresivos, de naturaleza osteolítica y con gran potencial para recurrir a corto plazo. Se han descrito mútiples opciones de manejo y tratamiento de los mismos, incluyendo quimioterapia y radioterapia además de resección quirúrgica con el fin de proveer control a largo plazo sobre el crecimiento tumoral y/o cura definitiva. (5, 6, 7) Dada la naturaleza histológica de dichas lesiones, la sacrectomía en bloque es la técnica quirúrgica que menos recurrencia local implica (8) sin embargo, dado el compromiso extenso que presentan los tumores sacros en el momento del diagnóstico, usualmente la resección quirurgica implica el sacrificio de raíces nerviosas, impactando directamente en morbilidad a largo plazo. Las complicaciones mayores secundarias que más frecuentemente se observan incluyen alteración para la deambulación, función genitourinaria y gastrointestinal, y finalmente, función sexual. (4). El objetivo del presente articulo es describir tres casos en donde se realizan sacrectomía en bloque de tumores primarios de sacro con preservación de raices nerviosas y sus desenlaces a 36 meses de seguimiento postquirúrgico.Sacral primary tumors are rare lesiones that are characterized to be locally expansive and agressive, often present with osteolysis and with great chances to recurr at short-run term after a first surgical reseccion. There are multiple described options for management and treatment, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the relief of pain and surgical reseccion in order to provide long-term control over tumor growth or definitive cure. Given the nature of such lesions, en bloc sacrectomy is the surgical technique that involves less local recurrence, however, given the extensión of sacral tumors at diagnosis, usually surgical resection means sacrificing nerve roots, directly impacting over long-term morbidity. Secondary major complicactions most frequently observed include impaired ambulation, genitourinary, gastrointestinal and sexual function. The aim of this article is to describe three cases where en bloc sacrectomy were performed for management of primary sacral tumors (two gigant cell tumors and one hemangioma) with preservation of nerve roots and their outcome up tu 36 months of postoperative follow-up