THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME GREENERY VEGETABLES AT THE SOLARIUM CULTURE

In this paper, studies were carried out on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), rucola (Eruca sativa Mill.) and lamb's lettuce (Valerianella locusta L.) plants, sown at different times and harvested at different development stages. The studies were carried out in the locality of Aghireșu-Fabrici, Cluj county on an area of 50 m2. The crops were established in two different times, the autumn was sown on October 27, 2017 and harvested between 10-25 March, and the spring was sown on February 25 and harvested between 15-25 April in the case of spinach and rocket and April 22-May 5 at the lamb's lettuce. The best spinach production was obtained at the spring crop at the last harvest phase of April 25, 2018 of 3.95 kg/m2. At the rucola in the second harvest phase, from April 25 to the spring crop, there was a production of 2.19 kg/m2. In the third phase of harvest, from March 25 to the autumn sowing obtained 1.97 kg/m2. At the lamb's lettuce, the best results were obtained in the autumn crop, with a maximum production value at the third harvest phase of 1.54 kg/m2

Accumulation of capsaicin in two chili pepper varieties (Capsicum annuum L.) at different stages of fruit maturity

Chili peppers are appreciated and consumed especially for their sensorial attributes, but also because of their rich content in bioactive compounds. Capsaicin is one of the most important compounds found in peppers that gives them their spicy heat profile. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the optimal harvesting time of hot peppers with the highest content in capsaicin. The capsaicin content of chili peppers depends on several factors, including the variety of pepper, growing conditions, and cultivation method. Capsaicin is mainly concentrated in the internal membranes of the pepper, where the seeds are also found. These biochemicals are used mostly in food industry, but anti-cancer effects have also been reported. To determine the capsaicin content, gas chromatographic analysis of volatile compounds was performed in both young and adult plants. ‘Hyffae F1’ and ‘Paprika giallo’ hot pepper hybrids grown in greenhouse conditions weew subjected to both chemical and organic cultivation treatments and two planting densities. The results obtained, showed that the capsaicin content varied between 12.11 and 39.01%. The highest quantity was recorded in ‘Paprika giallo’ under the influence of chemical treatments with the fruits were harvested at physiological maturity. The results also revealed that variations in capsaicin contents were rather influenced by harvesting time than the cultivar

Preliminary Study on the Influence of Potting Soil on Magnolia grandiflora L. Seed Germination and Plant Growth

Magnolia grandiflora L. it is known mostly for its ornamental values, but it has a significant medicinal value as well through its flowers, which have a great antioxidant activity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the influence of potting soils on seed germination and plant development. The seeds were removed from the fruits and stored at constant humidity of (80%) and temperature (4 °C) for 90 days. The seeds were then sown in different potting soils: V1 - Potgrond H peat; V2 – Zelta Zeme peat; V3 – Kekkilä peat; V4 – TS 3 peat. After germination, the germination percentage and seed vigour index were determined. The plantlets were further monitored and after 60 days of growth several traits were determined: seedling height, girth diameter, root number, primary root length, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, leaf shape index, average leaf area and total leaf area. The maximum germination percentage was reached in Potgrond H peat (100%), followed by Zelta peat (90%) in 8 and 10 days respectively. Regarding seedling development, the results revealed that V3 - Kekkilä peat stimulated the most plant growth and development, exhibiting the highest values for all parameters measured, both for underground and above ground parts of the plant

Psychometric properties of the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers in 32 European countries – A bifactor ESEM representation

AimsTo measure the stigma of healthcare providers toward people suffering from mental illness, the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) is a commonly applied instrument. However, this scale has not been thoroughly validated in many European countries, its psychometric properties are still unknown and data on practicing psychiatrists is lacking. Therefore, this multicenter study aimed to assess the psychometric characteristics of the 15-item OMS-HC in trainees and specialists in adult and child psychiatry in 32 countries across Europe.Materials and methodsThe OMS-HC was conducted as an anonymous online survey and sent via Email to European adult and child psychiatrists. Parallel analysis was used to estimate the number of OMS-HC dimensions. Separate for each country, the bifactor ESEM, a bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling approach, was applied to investigate the factor structure of the scale. Cross-cultural validation was done based on multigroup confirmatory factor analyses and reliability measures.ResultsA total of 4,245 practitioners were included, 2,826 (67%) female, 1,389 (33%) male. The majority (66%) of participants were specialists, with 78% working in adult psychiatry. When country data were analyzed separately, the bifactor model (higher-order factor solution with a general factor and three specific factors) showed the best model fit (for the total sample χ2/df = 9.760, RMSEA = 0.045 (0.042–0.049), CFI = 0.981; TLI = 0.960, WRMR = 1.200). The average proportion of variance explained by the general factor was high (ECV = 0.682). This suggests that the aspects of ‘attitude,’ ‘disclosure and help-seeking,’ and ‘social distance’ could be treated as a single dimension of stigma. Among the specific factors, the ‘disclosure and help-seeking’ factor explained a considerable unique proportion of variance in the observed scores.ConclusionThis international study has led to cross-cultural analysis of the OMS-HC on a large sample of practicing psychiatrists. The bifactor structure displayed the best overall model fit in each country. Rather than using the subscales, we recommend the total score to quantify the overall stigmatizing attitudes. Further studies are required to strengthen our findings in countries where the proposed model was found to be weak

Modeling Asymmetry in the Time–Distance Relation of Ordinal Personality Items

In analyzing responses and response times to personality questionnaire items, models have been proposed which include the so-called “inverted-U effect.” These models predict that response times to personality test items decrease as the latent trait value of a given person gets closer to the attractiveness of an item. Initial studies into these models have focused on dichotomous personality items, and more recently, models for Likert-type scale items have been proposed. In all these models, it is assumed that the inverted-U effect is symmetrical around 0, while, as will be explained in this article, there are substantive and statistical reasons to study this assumption. Therefore, in this article, a general inverted-U model is proposed which accommodates two sources of asymmetry between the response times and the attractiveness of the items. The viability of this model is demonstrated in a simulation study, and the model is applied to the responses and response times of the Temperament and Character Inventory–Revised, covering a broad range of personality dimensions. </jats:p

As autonómia és határai. Kortárs német és magyar bioetikai irások (Die Autonomie und ihre Grenzen. Zeitgenössische deutsche und ungarische bioethische Schriften)

Dufner A, Kömüves S, Rózsa E, eds. As autonómia és határai. Kortárs német és magyar bioetikai irások (Die Autonomie und ihre Grenzen. Zeitgenössische deutsche und ungarische bioethische Schriften). Debrecen: Debrecen University Press; 2016

A Practical Cross-Sectional Framework to Contextual Reactivity in Personality: Response Times as Indicators of Reactivity to Contextual Cues

Contextual reactivity refers to the degree in which personality states are affected by contextual cues. Research into contextual reactivity has mainly focused on repeated measurement designs. In this paper, we propose a cross-sectional approach to study contextual reactivity. We argue that contextual reactivity can be operationalized as different response processes which are characterized by different mean response times and different measurement properties. We propose a within-person mixture modeling approach that adopts this idea and which enables studying contextual reactivity in cross-sectional data. We applied the model to data from the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory. Results indicate that we can distinguish between two response specific latent states. We interpret these states as a high contextual reactive state and a low contextual reactive state. From the results it appears that the low contextual reactive state is generally associated with smaller response times and larger discrimination parameters, as compared to the high contextual reactivity state. The utility of this approach in personality research is discussed.</jats:p

Physical Exercise as a Resilience Factor to Mitigate COVID-Related Allostatic Overload

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The long-lasting threat of COVID-19 makes it necessary to explore strategies to improve coping skills which enable us to master a balanced life in the face of adversity. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; To unravel the most challenging aspects of COVID-19 in a nonclinical adult population and identify predictors of lost balance and consequent allostatic overload (AO). We examined the role of regular, moderate-intensity formula aerobic exercise (312 meridian exercise) in preventing allostatic overload through increasing well-being. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; An online survey was conducted to measure CO­VID-related allostatic overload according to clinimetric criteria. The Psychosocial Index (PSI), Kellner’s Symptom Questionnaire (KSQ), short Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale ­(PHS-WB), and Whiteley-7 were used to explore mental health characteristics. Univariate statistics logistic regression analysis and a general linear model were used. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; According to 442 valid answers, 217 adults practiced physical exercise (PE) frequently (fPE, 3–5 times/every day) while 120 did it less regularly (1–2 times/week), and 105 did not exercise/practiced irregularly (controls). Restriction-related stressors were most challenging, resulting in AO in 29% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 128) of the sample. The main predictors were additional stressors (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005) and anxiety symptoms (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001). The prevalence of AO was lower (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018) in the fPE group when compared to controls. KSQ distress symptoms were also lower in fPE (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.0001), while total well-being was increased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001) after adjusting for sex, age, and number of chronic diseases. According to the PHS-WB, both physical and mental well-being were higher (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004, respectively) in fPE. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Frequent moderate exercise is associated with better mental and physical well-being and a lower prevalence of AO. </jats:p

INFLUENCE OF PASTEURIZATION ON DIFFERENT COMPOSTS USED FOR AGARICUS SSP. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION ON CHANGING THE AMMONIA CONCENTRATION AND THE pH LEVEL

The mushrooms provide important sources of protein extracted from materials with very low economic value, such as manure, waste from agriculture, forestry, timber industry. It is used with maximum efficiency the created nutrient substrate, which after a crop cycle of 3-5 months can be reused as fertilizer in agriculture (Agaricus mushrooms, Coprinus, Stropharia), or as animal feed or as fuel (oyster mushrooms). Ammonia is eliminated during composting and pasteurization and the nitrogen that will remain will become digestible nitrogen protein, which provide the food for the mushrooms mycelium. This paper presents the dynamic of the chemical transformation of compost for Agaricus ssp. mushroom growing during the pasteurization process