Comparing labour laws in the EU Internal Market – a social actor perspective

The discipline of comparative labour law suffers from a dual disciplinary crisis: comparative law may seem irrelevant if nation states are pushed back by ever accelerating globalization, and labour law may be rendered irrelevant by the digitalised economy. Since states are becoming interdependent instead of superfluous, and work remains a dependent quantity, there is a future for comparative labour law. This future requires an even higher degree of interdisciplinarity with a strong recovery of disciplinary (doctrinal) research. A social actor centred approach can adequately depict the reality of labour law and policy in multilevel polities, such as the European Union. A comparative project relating to collective labour rights in the EU internal market is introduced as an example for this methodology

Towards More Resilience for a Social EU - the Constitutionally Conditioned Internal Market

Gap between the EU’s normative commitments to socio-economic justice and the practical workings of its integration project -- Potential for strengthening the social EU by recourse to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Charter normatively commits EU to a constitutionally conditioned Internal Market – Charter curbs property rights and entrepreneurial freedom specifically for the sake of social rights guarantees – Constructive response to legitimacy dilemmas emerging from cases such asLaval,VikingandAGET Iraklis– Reinstating socially embedded constitutionalism at EU levels as an alternative to relegating social integration to national levels</jats:p

Revisiting intersectionality for EU Anti-Discrimination Law in an economic crisis –a critical legal studies perspective

This article discusses the role of EU anti-discrimination law in challenging EU anti-crisis measures from a critical legal studies perspective. Critical legal scholarship is defined through its challenge of ‘lex’ through the vision of ‘ius’ and its critical links with social movements. EU anti-discrimination law attracts critique for constituting a compartmentalised socio-legal field, which prevents justice for those at intersections of inequalities. By defining as the aim of anti-discrimination law the combat of disadvantage resulting from ascribed otherness around the nodes sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and disability, the article suggests a convincing normative vision suitable to de-compartmentalise the field and adequately address intersectionality. This critical legal perspective on intersectionality differs from its sociological counterparts by omitting class as a category. The article demonstrates that this distinction is necessary for EU anti-discrimination law to maintain its critical edge

REGIONAL IMPACTS OF FEDERAL MILK MARKETING ORDER POLICY ALTERNATIVES

Impacts of alternative federal milk marketing policies which result in reduced fluid (Class I) milk prices were assessed using a simulation model of the U.S. dairy industry. Results indicated that milk production, farm milk prices and producer revenues were significantly reduced in the Southern and Northeast regions of the country under some options. The regional shares of total U.S. milk production were not significantly altered from those which would exist under a continuation of the current policy.Agricultural and Food Policy,

Methods for the calibrated measurement of the scattering parameters of planar multi-port devices

In this article, the error-corrected determination of complex scattering parameters of multi-port devices by means of a 2-port vector network analyzer is presented. As only two ports of the device under test can be connected to the analyzer ports at a time, the remaining device ports have to be terminated by external reflections. In order to measure the scattering parameters of the DUT without the influence of systematic errors and of the external terminations, an error correction has to be performed besides the calibration. For this purpose, the application of the multi-port procedure is presented. This method has the advantage, that the external reflective terminations can be chosen arbitrarily. Furthermore, these terminations can be unknown except for one. An automatized measurement system based on a switching network is shown, which is optimized for the measurement of planar microwave circuits. An error model for the description of the measurement setup as well as a calibration procedure for the elimination of the systematic errors are presented

CONSUMERS' WILLINGNESS TO PURCHASE LOCALLY PRODUCED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS: AN ANALYSIS OF AN INDIANA SURVEY

Using a survey of over 320 consumers from across the state of Indiana, we estimate an ordered probit model to determine the demographic and attitudinal factors which are most important in predicting the likelihood of consumers to purchase products that are produced within the state. Our results indicate that the willingness to purchase locally produced agricultural products increases with time of residency in the state, and we find a greater tendency for female consumers to purchase such products. We also find that quality perceptions play a critical role in these food purchase-decisions. We underscore the importance of maintaining minimum quality standards to maximize the effectiveness of state level agricultural promotion programs.Consumer/Household Economics,