BISC 102 Vaccine Activity

BISC 102 Inquiry into Life: Human Biology (Biology for Non-Majors

Promoting Patient-Centered Team-Based Care: An Advocacy Toolkit

The high performing patient care team is now widely recognized as an essential model for constructing a more patient-centered, coordinated, and effective system of health care delivery. In order to achieve these goals, health care teams need diverse members with flexible leadership. Unfortunately, too many members of the health care team are burdened by unnecessary supervision requirements, and efforts to reform scope of practice laws have met with resistance from organized medicine. In 2014, the American Medical Association (AMA) launched, “Physician-led Team Based Care”, a campaign that espouses a model of team-based care where physicians oversee advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) practice, as well as all other members of the health care team. This campaign has confused the popular model of team-based health care with individual licensure authority in the legislative arena, which has prevented lifting regulatory barriers to APRN practice in some states. Furthermore, the AMA seeks to legislate the leadership, supervision, and control of the health care team. This paper describes the scholarly process of creating a toolkit that will enhance advocacy at the state level and better prepare state nursing organizations, advocates, and legislators in promoting full practice authority (FPA) for APRNs and a model of team-based health care that effectively utilizes all members of the team

PARMELA VS MEASUREMENTS FOR GTF AND DUVFEL

The particle-pushing PARMELA was used to design the photo-injector beamline of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) to be built at SLAC in 2005. PARMELA predicts that projected emittances smaller than 1.2 mm.mrad and slice emittance smaller than 1.0 mm.mrad will be achievable for 1nC, 10ps electron bunches with an S-band RF gun and an emittance compensating system. To benchmark PARMELA, comparisons between simulations and measurements for two photo-injector test facilities, the Gun Test Facility (GTF) at SLAC and the Deep Ultra Violet FEL (DUVFEL) at BNL, have been performed. Aspects of the modeling of fields and initial distributions are discussed. The agreement between measured and simulated beam parameters (projected and slice emittance, Twiss parameters) is satisfying. Accordingly, it gives credibility to the extrapolation made for studying the LCLS case. PARMELA also indicates possible improvements in the tuning of those facilities to achieve the LCLS required beam properties.

Interpretation of Euhapsine (Castoridae: Palaeocastorinae) Burrowing Behaviors Based on the Functional Anatomy of the Teeth and Skull with a Description of a New Species and Genus

The systematics and burrowing behaviors of the Oligocene–Miocene palaeocastorine beaver tribe Euhapsini are reviewed. A new species, Euhapsis martini, is described based on material from South Dakota previously attributed to an exclusively European radiation. A new genus, Paraeuhapsis, is described for the previously recognized E. breugerorum and E. ellicottae, based on the unique cranial morphology relative to the other euhapsine beavers. Paraeuhapsis is shown to differ from Euhapsis on the basis of the following characters: upper incisors with longitudinal grooves, deeper rostrum, thickened and noticeably rugose nasal bones with a boss, and protrogomorphic skull arrangement. The functional anatomy and burrowing behaviors of the euhapsine beavers are investigated based on comparisons with extant rodents and other fossil rodents belonging to the Palaeocastorinae and Mylagaulidae. The function of the grooved upper incisors is investigated, and the function of the teeth is determined to correlate with a preference for a grazing diet, rather than a function to increase tooth strength or ease its removal from soil. The morphology of the upper and lower incisors is investigated in modern rodents, and though the lower incisors do not appear to have any correlation with burrowing behavior, the width:length ratio, degree of procumbency, and wear-facet morphology of the upper incisors are all shown to correlate with burrowing behavior. These correlations are applied to fossil taxa to interpret chisel-tooth-digging behavior in most palaeocastorine beavers (e.g., Palaeocastor fossor), and head-lift-digging behavior in the euhapsines Euhapsis and Paraeuhapsis and the mylagaulids. The structure of the unique nasal bones of Paraeuhapsis is investigated using epi-illumination microscopy and micro-CT scanning. Euhapsis is demonstrated to possess a broad rhinarium whereas Paraeuhapsis is demonstrated to possess a keratin fiber horn, based on comparisons with modern subterranean rodents and living rhinoceroses

A Statistical Examination of the Change in Body Size of Mammalian Communities Across the Eocene-Oligocene Boundary

The body mass change of mammals across the Eocene-Oligocene Boundary (EOB) and the potential relationship with global climate change was studied. Global climate went through a period of dramatic cooling and drying during the Eocene-Oligocene Transition. The effects on the environments of North America were dramatic, causing a shift from abundant, dense rainforest canopy in the Eocene to open savannah environment in the Oligocene. Mammal faunas from the White River Group of the continental interior of North America were investigated. Statistical surveys of large mammal faunas (> 1 kg) from the Douglas, Wyoming, and surrounding area and small mammal fauna ( 1 kg) from the Douglas, Wyoming, and surrounding area and small mammal fauna (Oligoryctes up to titanotheres massing 1,589 kg. Large mammals were found to decrease in body mass across the EOB, whereas body mass of small mammals increased. This phenomenon of extreme body masses approaching the middle of the range of body masses is likened to the Island Effect, where large mammals decrease in body size and small mammals increase in body size to accommodate a decrease in available habitat and resources. The change in body mass was attributed to environmental degradation brought on by climate change. Lower body mass evolved in large, herbivorous mammals as they adapted to diminished food resources. Small mammals likewise responded to climate change by adapting to the prevalence of open environments, and granivorous diets evolved as tropical vegetation waned

Correction due to finite speed of light in absolute gravimeters

Correction due to finite speed of light is among the most inconsistent ones in absolute gravimetry. Formulas reported by different authors yield corrections scattered up to 8 $\mu$Gal with no obvious reasons. The problem, though noted before, has never been studied, and nowadays the correction is rather postulated than rigorously proven. In this paper we make an attempt to revise the subject. Like other authors, we use physical models based on signal delays and the Doppler effect, however, in implementing the models we additionally introduce two scales of time associated with moving and resting reflectors, derive a set of rules to switch between the scales, and establish the equivalence of trajectory distortions as obtained from either time delay or distance progression. The obtained results enabled us to produce accurate correction formulas for different types of instruments, and to explain the differences in the results obtained by other authors. We found that the correction derived from the Doppler effect is accountable only for $\frac23$ of the total correction due to finite speed of light, if no signal delays are considered. Another major source of inconsistency was found in the tacit use of simplified trajectory models

Light collection and wavelength calibration for an extreme ultraviolet diode array spectrograph

Includes bibliographical references.We describe the use of a simple spherical aluminum-coated mirror to image the radiation of a distant XUV-emitting plasma in the slit of a vacuum spectrograph. Calculations to determine the optimum position and curvature radius of the mirror as a function of the divergence of the emitted plasma radiation are described, Efficient light collection by the grazing incidence mirror allows calibration of an intensified diode array used as a detector with a low-pressure (10-4 Torr) dc capillary discharge that does not require a complex differential pumping system.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. ECS 8606226. M. C. Marconi was supported by a fellowship from Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina