Boundary Layer: Exploring the Genius Between Worlds by Kem Luther

Review of Kem Luther\u27s Boundary Layer: Exploring the Genius Between Worlds

AMERICAN GOTHIC MAINSTREAM FICTION

This is my (Subhasis Chattopadhyay's) draft of PhD pre-submission. Dr. Scriver has (had) put it up online in her blog and I found it today, that is 1:06 pm, 28th May, 2017. I am grateful to her since intellectual ideas can otherwise be hijacked. She has done a wonderful editorial job

Who by Fire by Fred Stenson

Mary Scriver reviews Who by Fire by Fred Stenson

Speciation without chromatography: Part 2. Determination of tributyltin by chloride generation flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry

A procedure is described for the quantitation of tributyltin in aqueous samples and extracts based on its relatively high volatility in halide media, permitting vapour phase sampling from the headspace above such samples.Tributyltin chloride (TBT-C1) was purged from various chloride containing aqueous matrices and collected on the surface of an iridium treated graphite tube for subsequent quantitation by graphite furnace atomic absorption. Iodide, bromide and chloride matrices were compared for their generation efficiency. The effect of acidity of the sample was also studied. An absolute detection limit of 1.3 ng TBT (as tin) was estimated, corresponding to a detection limit of 0.33 ng ml 1 for a 4 ml sub-sample. Method validation was achieved using NRCC PACS-2 (sediment) Certified Reference Material, for which reasonable agreement between certified and measured values of tributyltin content was obtained. A procedural concentration limit of detection of 66 ng g 1 TBT in the sediment could be achieved

Étude démographique et généalogique de deux maladies héréditaires au Saguenay

La population du Saguenay est depuis longtemps reconnue pour l’ampleur des problèmes génétiques auxquels elle fait face. S’agissant en particulier de maladies récessives comme la tyrosinémie, l’ataxie de Friedreich (forme Charlevoix-Saguenay), le rachitisme ou l’agénésie du corps calleux, on a imputé les fortes incidences observées à divers facteurs comme les nombreux mariages consanguins, la stabilité de la population, un effet fondateur particulièrement accentué, un modèle particulier d’immigration, etc. Cependant, les analyses que nous avons commencé à réaliser à l’aide du fichier de population construit par SOREP obligent à réviser ces énoncés. La construction des généalogies par ordinateur et l’étude des comportements démographiques à l’aide de la reconstitution automatique des familles permettent en effet des analyses rétrospectives très approfondies et livrent des aperçus qui étaient hors de portée jusqu’à ce jour. L’enquête que nous rapportons ici revêt un caractère expérimental ; c'était la première fois que nous tentions une utilisation rigoureuse du fichier de population dans cette direction. Les résultats obtenus ont d’ores et déjà des retombées sur le conseil génétique et, en outre, ils modifient substantiellement notre perception de la dynamique démographique au Saguenay.The population of the Saguenay has long been known for the magnitude of the genetic problems it faces. In particular, since the problem is one of recessive illnesses such as tyrosinemia, Friedreich's ataxia (Charlevoix-Saguenay type), rickets or agenesis of corpus callosum, the strong observed effects have been ascribed to several factors such as the numerous mariages between blood relatives, the stability of the population, a particularly strong founder effect, a specific model of immigration, etc. However, the analysis we have begun to carry out with the aid of SOREP's population data base, forces us to revise these statements. The computer construction of genealogies and the study of demographic behaviour using automatic family reconstruction allow, indeed, for very thorough retrospective analyses, and deliver insights that, to this day, were out of reach. The survey on which we report is of an experimental nature; it was the first time we attempted a rigorous use of the population data base, for such purposes. The results obtained have already had an impact on underlying assumptions in the field of genetics, and moreover, they have substantially changed our perception of the demographic dynamics of the Saguenay.Hace tiempo que la población saguenayense es reputada por la envergadura de los problemas genéticos que enfrenta. Se trata particularmente de las enfermedades recesivas como la tirosinemia, la ataxia de Friedreich (tipo Charlevoix-Saguenay), el raquitismo o la agenesia del cuerpo calloso, cuya alta frecuencia se ha atribuido a diversos factores tales como el alto numero de uniones consanguíneas, la estabilidad de la población, un efecto "fundador" especialmente acentuado, un patrón particular de migración, etc. No obstante, los análisis que hemos comenzado a realizar gracias al archivo de población elaborado por SOREP (Sociedad de Investigaciones acerca de las Poblaciones), compelen a examinar de nuevo estos enunciados. La creación de genealogías por medio del computador y el estudio de los coiportamientos demográficos a través de la reconstitución automática de las familias, permiten elaborar análisis retrospectivos refinados que ofrecen una visión que antes estaba fuera de nuestro alcance. La investigación, de la cual damos cuenta en este articulo, es de carácter experimental; por primera ocasión intentamos el uso minucioso del archivo de población en este sentido. Los resultados obtenidos tienen ya su resonancia en la orientación que prodigan los genetistas, además de que modifican substancialmente nuestra percepción acerca de la dinámica demográfica del Saguenay

Social preference weights for treatments in Fabry disease in the UK : a discrete choice experiment

Abstract Objective: Fabry disease is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of α-galactosidase A. Effective enzyme replacement therapies are available that are administered intravenously. However, a new oral treatment is being developed as an alternative option for patients with amenable mutations. This study was designed to understand the value that people place on the different features of treatments for Fabry disease. Research design and methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was designed to assess the importance of different aspects of treatments for Fabry disease. The attributes included overall survival, mode of administration, treatment related reactions, treatment related headaches and risk of antibody formation. Attributes were combined using a published orthogonal array into choice sets. A research panel was used to survey the UK general public. The mixed logit model was used to estimate strength of preference for the attributes and marginal rates of substitution (MRSs). Disutilities were estimated from the DCE data for changes in each attribute. Results: The sample (n = 506) was broadly representative of UK demographics. The logit model revealed that all attributes were significant predictors of choice. Participants were significantly more likely to choose a treatment which meant an increase in their life expectancy by 1 year (odds ratio = 1.574; 95% CI = 1.504–1.647) and significantly less likely to choose self-administered intravenous (IV) treatment compared to an every other day tablet (OR = 0.426 95% CI = 0.384–0.474). Estimated disutilities were −0.0543 (self-administered infusion), treatment related headaches 12 times a year (−0.0361) and infusion reactions six times a year (−0.0202). Conclusions: The survey revealed a significant preference for oral treatment compared with IV even in the context of a treatment that can extend overall survival. MRSs were used as a basis for estimating disutilities associated with changes in attribute levels which could be used to weight QALYs. It is possible that other important treatment attributes are missing from this research which may have provided further insights. It would also be useful to extend this research to include Fabry disease patients so their preferences can be assessed against the societal perspective

Evidence of Oxidative Stress and Secondary Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Metabolic and Non-Metabolic Disorders

Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases and conditions. Oxidative stress occurs once the antioxidant defenses of the body become overwhelmed and are no longer able to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS can then go unchallenged and are able to cause oxidative damage to cellular lipids, DNA and proteins, which will eventually result in cellular and organ dysfunction. Although not always the primary cause of disease, mitochondrial dysfunction as a secondary consequence disease of pathophysiology can result in increased ROS generation together with an impairment in cellular energy status. Mitochondrial dysfunction may result from either free radical-induced oxidative damage or direct impairment by the toxic metabolites which accumulate in certain metabolic diseases. In view of the importance of cellular antioxidant status, a number of therapeutic strategies have been employed in disorders associated with oxidative stress with a view to neutralising the ROS and reactive nitrogen species implicated in disease pathophysiology. Although successful in some cases, these adjunct therapies have yet to be incorporated into the clinical management of patients. The purpose of this review is to highlight the emerging evidence of oxidative stress, secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and antioxidant treatment efficacy in metabolic and non-metabolic diseases in which there is a current interest in these parameters