Providing Parenteral and Enteral Feeding to Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

Bakalaura darba tēma -”Parenterālās un enterālās barošanas nodrošināšana pacientiem ar akūtu pankreatītu”. Tēmas aktualitāti nosaka - akūts pankreatīts ir aktuāla problēma, kuras risināšanā iesaistās intensīvās terapijas, ķirurģijas un gastroentereloģijas speciālisti, kā arī citi veselības aprūpē strādājošie speciālisti. ir veikts pētījums, kurā konstatēts, ka akūts pankreatīts ir relatīvi bieži sastopama slimība, ar 5 - 80 saslimšanas gadījumiem uz 100 000 cilvēkiem. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot aprūpes nodrošināšanu pacientiem ar akūtu pankreatītu parenterālās un enterālās barošanas laikā. Pētniecības uzdevumi ir 1. apkopot un analizēt zinātnisko literatūru par parenterālo un enterālo barošanu pacientiem ar akūtu pankreatītu 2.Izstrādāt pētījuma instrumentu - strukturētas intervijas māsām 3.Veikt interviju 4.Apkopot pētījuma rezultātus 5.Veikt secinājumus Pētniecības jautājums : Kā tiek veikta pacienta ar akūtu pankreatītu aprūpe parenterālās un enterālās barošanas laikā? Petniecības instruments : intervija, 10 intervijas jautājumi Pētniecības metode : kvalitatīvā pētniecības metode Veikts kvalitatīvais pētījums, izmantojot interviju kā pētniecības instrumentu. Pētījums notika vienā no Rīgas slimnīcas stacionāriem, tajā piedalījās medicīnas māsas, kuras aprūpē pacientus ar akūtu pankreatītu. Atslēgvārdi : parenterālā barošana, enterālā baroša, pacientu aprūpeBachelor Theme -” Providing Parenteral and Enteral Feeding to Patients with Acute Pancreatitis”. The topicality of the topic is determined by the acute problem of acute pancreatitis, which is addressed by specialists of intensive care, surgery and gastroenterology, as well as other health care professionals. a study has been conducted which found that acute pancreatitis is a relatively common disease with 5 to 80 cases per 100,000 people. The aim of the study is to find out how to provide care for patients with acute pancreatitis during parenteral and enteral feeding. Research tasks are to 1. compile and analyze scientific literature on parenteral and enteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis. 2. Develop a research tool - for structured interview nurses 3. Conduct an interview 4. To summarize the results of the study 5. Conclusion Research question: How is the treatment of a patient with acute pancreatitis during parenteral and enteral feeding? Research tool: interview, 10 interview questions Research Method: Qualitative Research Method A qualitative study was conducted using the interview as a research tool. The study was carried out in one of the hospital hospitals in Riga and was attended by nurses who care for patients with acute pancreatitis. Keywords: parenteral feeding, enteral feeding, patient car

The level of heavy metals in the ecosystem of the Baltic Sea

The following heavy metal levels were found in plankton of the Gulf of Riga and of the open Baltic Sea: 0.89-10.20 mg Cu/kg; 10.89-106.96 mg Zn/kg; 2.31-199.9 mg Mn/kg 0.19-0.85 mg Cd/kg; and 0.35-9.35 mg Pb/kg wet weight. Heavy metal accumulation in the plankton was found to depend on species composition of the community and on development stage of a species. Heavy metal contents in bottom sediments increase near densely populated coastal areas. Levels of lead, copper, and zinc depend on the season, increasing in spring in areas affected by river runoff. Maximum concentrations of the metals studied were found in 0.05-0.063 mm sediment fractions. Accumulation patterns of each metal exhibited their own respective peculiarities

Long-term investigation of metal concentrations in brown algae Fucus vesiculosus from the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea

Long-term investigation of metal concentrations in brown algae Fucus vesiculosus from the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea The study was conducted in the coastal area of the Gulf of Riga at three stations (Ainaži, Saulkrasti, Mērsrags) from 1997 till 2010. Brown algae samples were collected at 3.0-m depth from a boat using scuba gear in August and September. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method (model Spektra A 880), and of Hg by FIMS (Flow Injection Mercury System, Perkin Elmer). The aim of this investigation was to determine the concentration levels of metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn) in the dominant species of macroalgae (Fucus vesiculosus) in the Gulf of Riga in different stations and years. Metal concentrations in F. vesiculosus varied between sampling years and stations, and significant differences in Hg, Pb and Ni concentrations between years were detected. In some years the concentrations of metals in F. vesiculosus were similar in all three stations. Brown algae F. vesiculosus can accumulate metals to concentrations thousand times higher than in marine water.</jats:p

Smago metalu bilance Rigas lici

Annotation in EnglishAvailable from Latvian Academic Library / LAL - Latvian Academic LibrarySIGLELatvian Council of Science, Riga (Latvia)LVLatvi

Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea.

A large number of sediment samples (totally 138) were studied in 1991–1996 to clarify the role of sediments as a sink of heavy metals in the Gulf of Riga. The samples were analysed for total content of carbon, organic carbon, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and mercury. Certain additional elements such as aluminium, lithium, iron, manganese, chromium, nickel, titanium and vanadium were also measured from some of the samples from the accumulation areas to enable combination with corresponding data from other parts of the Baltic Sea. The non-mineralogical portion of the heavy metals of some samples was estimated with nitric acid leaching. Heavy metal data for mean concentrations are shown separated into accumulation and non-deposition areas for 1, 2 and 5 cm sample intervals. Spatial distribution patterns are shown for the topmost 5 cm samples. The highest concentrations of metals are mainly found in the mud accumulation areas and in some specific cases, such as cadmium, in the near-shore areas. Lead, copper and zinc show a more widespread distribution over the whole Gulf. For copper and cadmium the presented vertical distributions of selected profiles show decreased accumulation trends during the past 30 years, while for other elements no similar pattern is identified. Comparisons with the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland show that total concentrations of lead, copper and zinc are lower in the Gulf of Riga and cadmium and mercury are in the same range as those in the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland