Current diagnosis and treatment in pulmonary thromboembolism

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), is usually a complicationof deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Pulmonary thromboembolismdevelops as a result of obstruction of pulmonaryartery and / or branches with pieces that rupturedfrom the deep vein thrombosis of the leg. Pulmonarythromboembolism and DVT is also referred as venousthromboembolism (VTE) because of two events often remaintogether. The true incidence is uncertain because ofmore than half of the patients can be lost before the diagnosis.Despite the many new developments in the lastdecade on the diagnosis and treatment, PTE is still one ofthe difficult to diagnose and fatal diseases of lungs. Classicaland contemporary approaches to the diagnosis andtreatment of PTE were evaluated together in this review.J Clin Exp Invest 2013; 4 (3): 405-410Key words: Pulmonary, thromboembolism, diagnosis,treatmen

The importance of mean platelet volume in early mortality of pulmonary embolism

Objective: In this study whether mean platelet volume(MPV) is associated with early period hospital mortalityor not in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) was investigated.Methods: Data of patients that hospitalized in chest diseasesclinic with the diagnosis of PE between the years2009-2012 were screened retrospectively from digital archivesystem. The demographic data, symptoms, treatmentoutcomes and MPV values in complete blood countof patients were recorded.Results: The mean age was 57.93 ± 18.52 years (16-91).The number of patients is 143 and 91 women (63.9%),52 men (36.4%), respectively. MPV values were availablefor 137 of 143 patients. 129 of patients were discharged,and 8 had died in the early period of hospitalization. Themean MPV value was 7.85 ± 1.40 fL in patients who experiencedand 9.08 ± 1.61 fL in died respectively. The differencewas statistically significant (p = 0.01).Conclusion: The results of this study suggests that increasedMPV value may be used as a marker for earlyhospital mortality in patients with PE. J Clin Exp Invest2013; 4 (3): 298-301Key words: Mean platelet volume, mortality, pulmonary embolis

Ticari anyon değiştirme reçinesinin Cr(VI) adsorpsiyon performansı

Chromium (VI) batch system sorption from aqueous solutions by use of commercial Eichrom 1x4 anionexchange resin was studied at varying pH, temperature, and contact time, adsorbent dosage,desorption study, and starting Cr (VI) concentration. The ideal pH range for Cr (VI) sorption via anionexchange resin (AER) was found as 2.0-6.0. The kinetic of Cr (VI) sorption by resin came after the secondorder kinetic model. The greatest chromium sorption emerged at 10 min for AER. The sorptionisotherms were investigated with Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models. The optimumisothermal model for chromium sorption via AER was the Langmuir isotherm. Moreover, the sorptionthermodynamic parameters like entropy change (ΔSo), free energy change (ΔGo), and enthalpy change(ΔHo) were also investigated. A rise in the temperature has resulted in a rise of the equilibrium constant(Kc) value for the Cr (VI) sorption by AER.Ticari Eichrom 1x4 anyon değişim reçinesi kullanılarak sulu çözeltilerden krom (VI) kesikli sistemsorpsiyonu, değişen pH, sıcaklık ve temas süresi, adsorban dozajı, desorpsiyon çalışması ve başlangıçCr (VI) konsantrasyonunda incelenmiştir. Anyon değiştirici reçine (AER) yoluyla Cr (VI) sorpsiyonu içinideal pH aralığı 2,0-6,0 olarak bulundu. Reçine tarafından Cr (VI) emiliminin kinetiği, ikinci derecedenkinetik modelden sonra geldi. AER için en büyük krom sorpsiyonu 10 dakikada ortaya çıkmıştır.Langmuir, Freundlich ve Redlich-Peterson modelleri ile sorpsiyon izotermleri incelenmiştir. AERyoluyla krom sorpsiyonu için optimum izotermal model Langmuir izotermidir. Ayrıca entropi değişimi(ΔSo), serbest enerji değişimi (ΔGo) ve entalpi değişimi (ΔHo) gibi sorpsiyon termodinamikparametreleri de incelenmiştir. Sıcaklıktaki bir artış, AER tarafından Cr(VI) sorpsiyonu için denge sabiti(Kc) değerinin yükselmesine neden olmuştur

Biosorption of Dichlorvos by Rhodopseudomonas palustris NU51 strain

Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Ana Bilim DalıPestisitler, kasıtlı olarak kullanımı sonucunda insan sağlığını tehdit eden ve çevreyi kirletentoksik bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada da, Rhodopseudomonas palustris NU51 izolatının, suluçözeltilerden Diklorvos'u (DDVP) biyosorplama yeteneği, pH, sıcaklık, başlangıç Diklorvoskonsantrasyonu ve biyokitle konsantrasyonunun bir fonksiyonu olarak laboratuar koşullarındaaraştırılmıştır. Biyosorpsiyon için optimum pH değeri 6.0 ve en uygun sıcaklığın 35oC olduğubulunmuştur. Pestisit konsantrasyonun etkisinin araştırıldığı, pH 6.0, 25oC, 1.0 g biyokitlekullanım koşullarında, başlangıç Diklorvos konsantrasyonu ile birlikte biyosorpsiyonun daarttığı saptanmıştır. 300 mg l-1'de Diklorvos alınımı %18 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Diklorvosgideriminde farklı biyokitle konsantrasyonları (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 g) kullanılmıştır ve biyokitlekonsantrasyonu artışıyla birlikte çözeltideki pestisit miktarının azaldığı gözlenmiştir.Pesticides are toxic agents intentionally released into the environment; their use raises publichealth and environmental concerns. In this study, the biosorption of Dichlorvos (DDVP) fromaqueous solutions on dried cells of Rhodopseudomonas pseudomonas NU51 was tested underlaboratory conditions as a function of pH, temperature, initial Dichlorvos concentration andbiosorbent concentration. Optimum biosorption was found to be at pH 6.0. Moreover, the besttemperature for biosorption was occurred at 35oC. At the biyosorption conditions, pH 6.0,25oC, 1.0 g biomass, Dichlorvos uptake was increased as the initial Dichlorvos concentrationincreased up to 300 mg l-1. The uptake of Dichlovos at 300 mg l-1 was 18%. Variousconcentration of biomass has been used (i.e. 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 g) in the removal of Dichlorvos.It was observed that as concentration of the biomass has increased, the concentration ofpesticide in solution has decreased

Retrospective analysis of urogynecological symptoms of patients undergoing gynecological oncology surgery

Objectives: Treating gynecological cancer with radical surgery, pelvic radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy may lead to pelvic floor dysfunction. Materials and Methods: Lower urinary tract symptoms are common after surgery for gynecological cancer. We used the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI)-6, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ)-7, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) to compare the severity of urinary incontinence and quality of life between patients who underwent staging surgery for gynecological caner and those who underwent hysterectomy for benign disease. In total, 50 patients with cancer and 50 patients with benign disease were included in the patient and control groups, respectively. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of preoperative IIQ-7, UDI-6, and ICIQ-SF scores. There was a significant difference between the groups in scores 1 and 12 months after surgery. Postoperative IIQ-7, UDI-6, and ICIQ-SF scores were significantly increased compared to preoperative scores, although there were no significant differences between preoperative and postoperative scores in the control group. Incontinence was present after surgery in 15 (43.2%) and 4 (21.1%) patients in the test and control groups, respectively. In multivariate analyses of variance, surgery for cancer was an independent risk factor for urinary incontinence. Conclusion: Genitourinary symptoms should be evaluated in cancer patients undergoing staging procedure. The quality of life of patients should be assessed in terms of incontinence in the postoperative period

A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Various practices are applied to make the education of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) qualified. These practices should be evidence based to be effective for the children with ASD and their families. In this study, evidence based practices applied in the education of the children with ASD and their families are explained within the frame of the literature. The most effective practices are applied in terms of the applied practices and practitioners’ competence in the evidence based practices, and the laws and policies lay emphasis for utilizing these practices. When examining the practices evidence based applied for the children with ASD, most of them are seen to be based on Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) approach. ABA approach focuses on the skills needed by the children with ASD, when they are compared to their normally growing peers, and lays emphasis on the structured and individualized teaching. The most important behavior principles of the approach are negative reinforcement, punishment, result and formalizing. ABA methods decrease the negative methods; increases the communication, learning level and positive behavior. However, ABA also has some limitations, as every practice does. Mostly emphasized among these is that ABA based practices are applied mostly in clinical environments or classrooms. The existing interventions regarding ASD vary the practices and bring the discrete trial teaching approach, the relational approach, the unified approach and the developmental responsive approach into light. In the discrete trial teaching approach, new communication styles are taught effectively. This approach is based on that the behavior is learned by the individual, if the adult responds to the target behavior appropriately and consistently. In the relational approach, the skill wanted to be acquired in the interaction environment created within game context that develops social interaction is taught by disintegrating into steps. This approach is based on the assumption that the child should be directed to utilize an advanced and a higher level communicative behaviors. In the unified approach, the components of the discrete trial teaching approach and the relational approach have been combined. It utilizes the components of these approaches all together. In the developmental responsive approach, there is an intervention group named interaction based education and developmental, individual differences relationship based model. The most important priority of the approaches including these models is the positive emotional relations arising between the specialist and the child. It is based on the assumption that the positive emotional relation between the specialist and the child increases the child’s motivation for social communication and eases following the clues regarding social interaction. In the interventions executed with the children with ASD, families are seen as partners and it is seen that the relation based approaches are utilized in supporting child’s development and family-child interaction. The relation based approach depends on the parental modelling and asserts that families and other caretakers have a fundamental psycho-social effect in the development of all children.  Article visualizations

COMPARISON OF THE MECHANICAL RESPONSE OF POROUS Ti-6Al-4V ALLOYS PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT COMPACTION TECHNIQUES

Porous Ti-6Al-4V alloys are attractive candidates as implant materials due to their good biocompatibility combined with the porous structure leading to increased osseointegration and decreased stiffness. Accordingly, different processing techniques were employed for the production of Ti-6Al-4V foams in the literature. Among these techniques, sintering with space holder is used to produce porous Ti-6Al-4V alloys in this study. Magnesium was employed as the space holder material because of its relatively low boiling point as well as high oxygen affinity. Two different compaction techniques, die compaction with hydraulic pressing and cold isostatic pressing (CIP), were employed for obtaining green compacts. Both spherical and nonspherical Ti-6Al-4V powders were used to investigate the effect of powder shape on compaction. Processed foams were characterized in terms of both microstructural and mechanical aspects in order to investigate the effect of pressing conditions in combination with powder characteristics. It was observed that NS-CIP foam, which was produced by compacting nonspherical powders by cold isostatic press, has the highest strength. However, the S-DP foam, which was produced by diepressing of spherical powders, has the highest toughness.Porous Ti-6Al-4V alloys are attractive candidates as implant materials due to their good biocompatibility combined with the porous structure leading to increased osseointegration and decreased stiffness. Accordingly, different processing techniques were employed for the production of Ti-6Al-4V foams in the literature. Among these techniques, sintering with space holder is used to produce porous Ti-6Al-4V alloys in this study. Magnesium was employed as the space holder material because of its relatively low boiling point as well as high oxygen affinity. Two different compaction techniques, die compaction with hydraulic pressing and cold isostatic pressing (CIP), were employed for obtaining green compacts. Both spherical and nonspherical Ti-6Al-4V powders were used to investigate the effect of powder shape on compaction. Processed foams were characterized in terms of both microstructural and mechanical aspects in order to investigate the effect of pressing conditions in combination with powder characteristics. It was observed that NS-CIP foam, which was produced by compacting nonspherical powders by cold isostatic press, has the highest strength. However, the S-DP foam, which was produced by diepressing of spherical powders, has the highest toughness