A SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE ON SHIFT-SHARE ANALYSIS

Shift-share analysis is a method of decomposing regional income or employment growth patterns into expected (share) and differential (shift) components. Since its inception in the 1940s, over seventy academic contributions have criticized, defended, and extended the original concept. These contributions are summarized, and research needs for the future are identified.Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Not all features are created equal: Processing asymmetries between location and object features

Previous research has shown spontaneous location processing when location is not a task relevant feature and when a target is presented together with distractors. The present study investigates whether such processing can occur in the absence of distractor inhibition, and whether there is a processing asymmetry between location and an object feature. The results show that not all features are created equal. Whereas attending to an object’s color or texture led to the involuntary processing of that object’s location, attending to an object’s location did not necessarily result in the encoding of its color or texture when these nonspatial properties were not task relevant. These results add to the body of evidence demonstrating the special role of location in attentional selection. They also provide a clearer picture of the interactions among location, object features, and participants’ behavioral goals

Agarose gel serum protein electrophoresis in cats with and without lymphoma and preliminary results of tandem mass fingerprinting analysis

<b>Background</b>: Serum electrophoretic profiles in cats are poorly characterized with respect to the protein components of the globulin fractions, and interpretation of the electrophoretograms has routinely been done in ignorance of the identity of the proteins found within each fraction. <b>Objectives</b>: To compare the protein fractions from serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) in healthy cats and those with lymphoma and to confirm some component proteins in the major fractions after feline SPE, using tandem mass fingerprinting analysis (TMFA). <b>Methods</b>: Total protein was measured and agarose gel SPE performed on blood collected from 14 healthy cats and 14 with lymphoma. The absolute protein concentration within each fraction was compared between the two groups. Bands corresponding to the SPE fractions were excised from two controls and a lymphoma cat and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Results were compared to sequences in the NCBI protein database. <b>Results</b>: Median albumin concentrations were significantly decreased in lymphoma cats and median beta globulin concentrations were elevated. Narrow electrophoretic spikes were present in the beta/gamma fraction in 3 lymphoma cats. Following TMFA, multiple proteins were identified from each fraction and their mobility agreed with results from previous studies generated using alternative techniques. Inter–alpha (globulin) inhibitor 4 was identified in feline serum for the first time. <b>Conclusions</b>: Cats with lymphoma had lower median albumin and higher beta globulin concentrations than healthy cats. Despite the limitations of 1D agarose gel SPE, TMFA provided preliminary data to confirm the protein components of the various fractio

Multimodal participation in simultaneous joint projects. Interpersonal and intrapersonal coordination in paramedic emergency drills

This paper analyses paramedic emergency interaction as multimodal multiactivity. Based on a corpus of video-recordings of emergency drills performed by professional paramedics during advanced training, the focus is on paramedics’ participation in multiple joint projects which become simultaneously relevant. Simultaneity and fast succession of multiactivity does not only characterise work on the team level, but also the work profile of the individual paramedic. Participants have to coordinate their own participation in more than one joint project intrapersonally. In the data studied, three patterns of allocating multimodal resources stood out as routine ways of coordinating participation in two simultaneous projects intrapersonally: 1. Talk and hearing vs. manual action monitored by gaze, 2. Talk and hearing vs. gazing (and pointing), 3. Manual action vs. gaze (and talk and hearing)

Gross Anatomy Dissection Videos: Effect on Student Dissection Confidence and Laboratory Examination Scores

As medical colleges across the world experience cadaver shortages, faculty shortages, and decreased time allotted to teaching gross anatomy, a need for different teaching modalities has emerged. New ways of teaching are being studied to optimize efficiency and to acquire the same, or better, student outcomes as before the previously mentioned variables became prevalent. This was the stimulus for our research. Dissection videos were made, closely adhering to the dissections performed by Physician Assistant, Physical therapy, and Medical students at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC). The current Gross Anatomy course at UNMC involves four written examinations covering material discussed in lectures, and four short answer laboratory practicals testing dissections students performed during allotted laboratory hours. The dissection videos were implemented during the last two units of the semester. Student scores from the last two units (when the videos were available) were compared to scores from the first two units (when no videos were available). Reflecting on anonymous surveys completed by students and their examination scores, this study suggests that use of the videos improved examination scores and dissecting, though previous experience with cadavers did play a role. In conclusion, dissection videos may be a viable option for new teaching modalities in the face of less time being devoted to anatomy teaching. Future research is needed to draw a clear conclusion

Tutoring in adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor's action modification and the recipient's gaze

Pitsch K, Vollmer A-L, Rohlfing K, Fritsch J, Wrede B. Tutoring in adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor's action modification and the recipient's gaze. Interaction Studies. 2014;15(1):55-98.Research of tutoring in parent-infant interaction has shown that tutors - when presenting some action - modify both their verbal and manual performance for the learner (‘motherese’, ‘motionese’). Investigating the sources and effects of the tutors’ action modifications, we suggest an interactional account of ‘motionese’. Using video-data from a semi-experimental study in which parents taught their 8 to 11 month old infants how to nest a set of differently sized cups, we found that the tutors’ action modifications (in particular: high arches) functioned as an orienting device to guide the infant’s visual attention (gaze). Action modification and the recipient’s gaze can be seen to have a reciprocal sequential relationship and to constitute a constant loop of mutual adjustments. Implications are discussed for developmental research and for robotic ‘Social Learning’. We argue that a robot system could use on-line feedback strategies (e.g. gaze) to pro-actively shape a tutor’s action presentation as it emerges

Using digital media technology to teach writing in the nursing discipline

Project Leaders: Louise Miller, PhD, RN; Valerie Bader, MSN, RN; Bonita Selting, PhDFinal report for the 2010/2011 IIF prokect, "Using Digital Media Technology to Teach Writing in the Nursing Discipline." From the first page: "Planned II project evaluation includes: Pre and post writing assessments, completed by each student at the beginning and end of the curriculum, administered to the individual student at his/her start and completion dates. Writing assessments were completed prior to and at the end of the Spring 2011, Evidence-Based Nursing Practice course. This course is the designated Writing Intensive Capstone course. To assess writing skills, students wrote a response to a writing prompt in January at the beginning of the course and then again to the same prompt in May, at the end of the course. The prompt was: In your own words, write a thoughtful essay exploring the concept of evidence-based practice and what it means to you. Please use examples and clear description. Pre-post writing assessments were evaluated on (1) clear purpose statement, (2) well-developed and relevant content, (3) word and writing fluency, (4) integration of ideas into nursing concepts and clinical care. Overall, the assessments indicated students were better able to conceptualize evidence-based practice and express their more coherent ideas in their written responses. These writing assessments will be used as a component of the needs assessment and pilot date for a HRSA grant proposal to support continuation of this project."MU Interdisciplinary Innovations Fun

Introduction: temporality in interaction

The authors establish a phenomenological perspective on the temporal constitution of experience and action. Retrospection and projection (i.e. backward as well as forward orientation of everyday action), sequentiality and the sequential organization of activities as well as simultaneity (i.e. participants’ simultaneous coordination) are introduced as key concepts of a temporalized approach to interaction. These concepts are used to capture that every action is produced as an inter-linked step in the succession of adjacent actions, being sensitive to the precise moment where it is produced. The adoption of a holistic, multimodal and praxeological perspective additionally shows that action in interaction is organized according to several temporal orders simultaneously in operation. Each multimodal resource used in interaction has its own temporal properties

Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Dogs

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence linking low blood vitamin D concentration to numerous diseases in people and in dogs. Vitamin D influences cellular function by signaling through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Little is known about which non-skeletal tissues express the VDR or how inflammation influences its expression in the dog.OBJECTIVES: To define which non-skeletal canine tissues express the VDR and to investigate expression in inflamed small intestine.ANIMALS: Thirteen non-skeletal tissues were collected prospectively from 6 control dogs. Thirty-five dogs diagnosed with a chronic enteropathy (CE) and 24 control dogs were prospectively enrolled and duodenal biopsies were evaluated for VDR expression.METHODS: Prospective; blinded assessment of canine intestinal VDR. Dogs with CE were included once other identifiable causes of intestinal disease were excluded. Age matched controls were included with no intestinal clinical signs. VDR expression was assessed immunohistochemically in all samples, using a Rat IgG VDR monoclonal antibody. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was also used for duodenal biopsies.RESULTS: VDR expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was highest in the kidney, duodenum, skin, ileum and spleen, and weak in the colon, heart, lymph node, liver, lung, and ovary. Gastric and testicular tissue did not express the VDR. There was no statistical difference in duodenal VDR expression between the 24 healthy dogs and 34 dogs with CE when quantified by either qPCR (P = 0.87) or IHC (P = 0.099).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The lack of down regulation of VDR expression in inflamed intestine contrasts with previous studies in humans. Our findings support future studies to investigate whether vitamin D and its analogues can be used to modulate intestinal inflammation in the dog.</p

Exploring the Potential Utility of Pet Dogs With Cancer for Studying Radiation-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death Strategies

Radiotherapy serves as a foundational pillar for the therapeutic management of diverse solid tumors through the generation of lethal DNA damage and induction of cell death. While the direct cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy remain a cornerstone for cancer management, in the era of immunooncology there is renewed and focused interest in exploiting the indirect bystander activities of radiation, termed abscopal effects. In radioimmunobiologic terms, abscopal effects describe the radiotherapy-induced regression of cancerous lesions distant from the primary site of radiation delivery and rely upon the induction of immunogenic cell death and consequent systemic anticancer immune activation. Despite the promise of radiation therapy for awaking potent anticancer immune responses, the purposeful harnessing of abscopal effects with radiotherapy remain clinically elusive. In part, failure to fully leverage and clinically implement the promise of radiation-induced abscopal effects stems from limitations associated with existing conventional tumor models which inadequately recapitulate the complexity of malignant transformation and the dynamic nature of tumor immune surveillance. To supplement this existing gap in modeling systems, pet dogs diagnosed with solid tumors including melanoma and osteosarcoma, which are both metastatic and immunogenic in nature, could potentially serve as unique resources for exploring the fundamental underpinnings required for maximizing radiation-induced abscopal effects. Given the spontaneous course of cancer development in the context of operative immune mechanisms, pet dogs treated with radiotherapy for metastatic solid tumors might be leveraged as valuable model systems for realizing the science and best clinical practices necessary to generate potent abscopal effects with anti-metastatic immune activities