HOXD8 exerts a tumor-suppressing role in colorectal cancer as an apoptotic inducer

Homeobox (HOX) genes are conserved transcription factors which determine the anterior-posterior body axis patterning. HOXD8 is a member of HOX genes deregulated in several tumors such as lung carcinoma, neuroblastoma, glioma and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a context-dependent manner. In CRC, HOXD8 is downregulated in cancer tissues and metastatic foci as compared to normal tissues. Whether HOXD8 acts as a tumor suppressor of malignant progression and metastasis is still unclear. Also, the underlying mechanism of its function including the downstream targets is totally unknown. Here, we clarified the lower expression of HOXD8 in clinical colorectal cancer vs. normal colon tissues. Also, we showed that stable expression of HOXD8 in colorectal cancer cells significantly reduced the cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and invasion. Further, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we identified the genes associated with HOXD8 in order to demonstrate its function as a suppressor or a promoter of colorectal carcinoma. Among inversely related genes, apoptotic inhibitors like STK38 kinase and MYC were shown to be negatively associated with HOXD8. We demonstrated the ability of HOXD8 to upregulate executioner caspases 6 & 7 and cleaved PARP, thus inducing the apoptotic events in colorectal cancer cells

Achilles alkancellár Halicsban 1246-ban : Adalék a magyar vice szó történetéhez

In its 1250 entry, the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle reports that the King of Hungary sent a вицькыи to Danilo, Prince of Halych (Galicia), with the intention of marrying his daughter off to Danilo’s son. Antal Hodinka, who translated the part of text concerned in his bilingual book a century ago, interpreted вицькыи as the “vice” of the Hungarian king. The Hungarian word vice ‘deputy’ is getting obsolete today. Were it the king’s deputy that was meant, it would refer to the Palatine, an official whose roles included standing in for the king in political matters in those days; but as far as diplomacy was concerned, chancellors and vice-chancellors were more entitled to serve those tasks. The present author thinks that some months prior to the marriage taking place in Zólyom (Slovakian: Zvolen) in September 1246, Béla IV may have sent Vice Chancellor Achilles to the Prince of Halych. Achilles also met with Metropolitan Cyril, both in Halych and later in Hungary. The Metropolitan, who was a chancellor of Danilo, and who compiled part of the Chronicle up to 1250 (actually, 1246), noticed that the royal chancery of Hungary was practically directed by the vice chancellor, rather than by the chancellor himself. It appears to be highly probable that it may have been Cyril who revived the word вицькыи on the basis of the noun vice being in use in Béla IV’s court referring to Vice Chancellor Achilles in everyday parlance.A Halics-Volhíniai Évkönyvben 1250-ben megjelent bejegyzésében arról számol be, hogy a magyar király вицькыи-t küldött Danilónak, Halics (Galícia) hercegének, azzal a szándékkal, hogy lányát Danilo fiához adja feleségül. Hodinka Antal, aki egy évszázaddal ezelőtt lefordította kétnyelvű könyvének érintett szövegrészét, a вицькыи-t a magyar király helyetteseként értelmezte. A magyar vice \u27helyettes\u27 szó mára elavulttá válik. Ha a király helyetteséről lenne szó, akkor ez a nádorra vonatkozna, egy olyan tisztviselőre, akinek szerepei között szerepelt abban az időben, hogy politikai ügyekben kiállt a király mellett; de ami a diplomáciát illeti, a kancellárok és az alkancellárok jobban jogosultak voltak e feladatok ellátására. A jelen szerző úgy véli, hogy IV. Béla néhány hónappal a zólyomi (szlovákul: Zvolen) házasságkötés előtt 1246 szeptemberében küldhette Akhilleusz alkancellárt a halicsi herceghez. Akhilleusz Cirill metropolitával is találkozott, mind Halicsban, mind később Magyarországon. A metropolita, aki Danilo kancellárja volt, és 1250-ig (valójában 1246-ig) összeállította az Évkönyv egy részét, észrevette, hogy Magyarország királyi kancelláriáját gyakorlatilag az alkancellár irányítja, nem pedig maga a kancellár. Nagyon valószínűnek tűnik, hogy Cirill lehetett az, aki a вицькыи szót a vice főnév alapján elevenítette fel IV. Béla udvarában, a köznapi szóhasználatban Akhilleusz alkancellárra utalva

表面における分子の光解離ダイナミクス

本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第8524号工博第1978号新制||工||1186(附属図書館)UT51-2000-J33京都大学大学院工学研究科分子工学専攻(主査)教授 川﨑 昌博, 教授 横尾 俊信, 教授 中辻 博学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of EngineeringKyoto UniversityDFA

Discrete associated kernels method and extensions

International audienceDiscrete kernel estimation of a probability mass function (p.m.f.), often mentioned in the literature, has been far less investigated in comparison with continuous kernel estimation of a probability density function (p.d.f.). In this paper, we are concerned with a general methodology of discrete kernels for smoothing a p.m.f. f . We give a basic of mathematical tools for further investigations. First, we point out a generalizable notion of discrete associated kernel which is defined at each point of the support of f and built from any parametric discrete probability distribution. Then, some properties of the corresponding estimators are shown, in particular pointwise and global (asymptotical) properties. Other discrete kernels are constructed from usual discrete probability distributions such as Poisson, binomial and negative binomial. For small samples sizes, underdispersed discrete kernel estimators are more interesting than the empirical estimator; thus, an importance of discrete kernels is illustrated. The choice of smoothing bandwidth is classically investigated according to crossvalidation and, novelly, to excess of zeros methods. Finally, a unification way of this method concerning the general probability function is discussed

Frustrated multiband superconductivity

We show that a clean multiband superconductor may display one or several phase transitions with increasing temperature from or to frustrated configurations of the relative phases of the superconducting order parameters. These transitions may occur when more than two bands are involved in the formation of the superconducting phase and when the number of repulsive interband interactions is odd. These transitions are signalled by slope changes in the temperature dependence of the superconducting gaps.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Experimental determination of the local optical conductivity of a semiconducting carbon nanotube and its modification at individual defects

Measurements of optical properties at nanometre-level are of central importance for characterization of optoelectronic device. It was, however, hardly possible for the conventional light-probe measurements to determine the local optical properties from single quantum object with nanometrical inhomogeneity. Here we demonstrate the first successful determination of the absolute optical constants, including the optical conductivity and absorption coefficient, for an individual carbon nanotube with defects by comparing energy loss spectroscopy and optical absorption. The optical conductivity obtained from a certain type of defects indeed presents a characteristic modification near the lowest excitation peak (E11) where excitons and non-radiative transitions as well as phonon-coupled excitations are strongly involved. Detailed line-shape analysis of the E11 peak clearly shows different degree of exciton lifetime shortening and electronic state modification which is variable to the defect type

Zinc erythrocyte protoporphyrin as marker of malaria risk in pregnancy - a retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

BACKGROUND The effects of iron interventions and host iron status on infection risk have been a recurrent clinical concern, although there has been little research on this interaction in pregnant women. METHODS Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were undertaken to determine the association of whole blood zinc erythrocyte protoporphyrin (ZPP) with malaria parasitaemia in pregnant women attending antenatal and delivery care at Montfort and Chikwawa Hospitals, Shire Valley, Malawi. Prevalence of antenatal, delivery and placental malaria was assessed in relation to maternal ZPP levels. The main outcome measures were prevalence of peripheral and placental Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia and odds ratios of malaria risk. RESULTS A total of 4,103 women were evaluated at first antenatal visit, of whom at delivery 1327 were screened for peripheral and 1285 for placental parasitaemia. Risk of malaria at delivery (peripheral or placental) was higher in primigravidae (p < 0.001), and lower (peripheral) with use of intermittent preventive anti-malarials during pregnancy (p < 0.001). HIV infection was associated with increased malaria parasitaemia (p < 0.02, peripheral or placental). Parasitaemia prevalence was lower in women with normal ZPP levels compared to those with raised concentrations at both first antenatal visit (all gravidae, p = 0.048, and at delivery (all gravidae, p < 0.001; primigravidae, p = 0.056). Between first antenatal visit and delivery women who transitioned from raised (at first antenatal visit) to normal ZPP values (at delivery) had lower peripheral parasitaemia prevalence at delivery compared to those who maintained normal ZPP values at both these visits (all gravidae: 0.70, 95%CI 0.4-1.1; primigravidae: 0.3, 0.1-0.8). In regression analysis this difference was lost with inclusion of HIV infection in the model. CONCLUSIONS Raised ZPP concentrations in pregnancy were positively associated with P. falciparum parasitaemia and were probably secondary to malaria inflammation, rather than indicating an increased malaria risk with iron deficiency. It was not possible from ZPP measurements alone to determine whether iron deficiency or repletion alters malaria susceptibility in pregnancy

On semiparametric regression for count explanatory variables

International audienceWe study the problem of semiparametric estimation of a multivariate count regression function m : Nd -> R that can be represented as a product of an unknown discrete parametric function r and an unknown discrete smooth function w. For the construction of such estimators, we first find an approximation result br for the parametric part r, and then estimate the nonparametric multiplicative correction factor w = m/br by a discrete associated-kernel method. Comparisons are therefore carried out with the nonparametric count regression estimator of Nadaraya-Watson type. We point out that the new semiparametric count regression estimator can reduce the bias with respect to purely nonparametric count regression estimator, without affecting the variance