Microscopic models of liquid chromatography: From ensemble-averaged information to resolution of fundamental viewpoint at single-molecule level

Abstract In this study, a microscopic probabilistic model of chromatography that establishes a conceptual link between single-molecule dynamics observation at liquid–solid interfaces and chromatographic experiments is described. This model is based on the discrete Lévy representation of stochastic processes and has the great advantage that it can be directly applied to the raw data set of single-molecule observations. The information contained in the molecular measurements includes some erratic rare events that are potentially very informative. Because experimental data need not be processed by mathematical–statistical transformation, application of this model preserves all the information that could be lost in an ensemble-averaged representation. In this approach, single-molecule experiments and stochastic interpretation are combined. It is of great importance to investigate superficial and interfacial phenomena in different areas, such as adsorption mechanisms in chromatography and mechanisms of biological activity, and to track the behavior of individual molecules in living cells

Cryogels with Affinity Ligands as Tools in Protein Purification

Affinity chromatography is one of the well-known separation techniques especially if high purity is desired. Introducing ligands on monolithic structure gives the possibility for purifying complex media such as plasma and crude extract. This chapter is focusing on the preparation of cryogels as monolithic column and immobilization of concanavalin A on its surface as ligand for capturing the glycoprotein horseradish peroxidase