A música cantada indígena e o universo composicional de Heitor Villa-Lobos

Study about the use of melodies, rhythms, sound effects, phonetics and indigenous ambience, by Heitor Villa-Lobos, from the perspective of Murray Schafer's concepts on the Sound Landscape (1991; 2001) and Paul Zumthor (2005). On the performance, inserted into the compositional universe of Villa-Lobos. For this purpose, we used as methodology the observation and analysis of scores and the hearing of iconic works of this context, such as the Amazon Forest, Choros N º 3, Mandú-Çarará, Canide Ioune-Sabath, and Symphony No. 10. In parallel, we are worth researches devoted to Villa-Lobos in relation to the indigenous theme, to achieve the goal of defining what are the vocal elements and the onomatopaic emission techniques used by the composer to recreate the Ambience of the indigenous musical universe within its proposals of the sound landscape implied in this universe. We conclude that the musical work of Villa-Lobos with an indigenous thema presents a specific Brazilian soundscape, a world reference. Este estudo trata do respeito do aproveitamento de melodias, ritmos, efeitos sonoros, da fonética e da ambiência indígena, por Heitor Villa-Lobos, a partir dos conceitos de Murray Schafer de paisagem sonora (1991; 2001) e de performance, de Paul Zumthor (2005), no universo composicional de Villa-Lobos. Para tanto, utilizamos como metodologia a análise comparativa de partituras e a audição de obras icônicas desse contexto, como a Floresta do Amazonas, Choros nº 3, Mandú-Çarará, Canide Ioune-Sabath e Sinfonia nº 10. Paralelamente, valemo-nos de pesquisas dedicadas a Villa-Lobos em relação à temática indígena, com o objetivo de definir quais são os elementos sonoro-vocais e as técnicas de emissão onomatopaicas utilizadas pelo compositor para recriar a ambiência do universo musical indígena dentro de suas propostas de paisagem sonora implícita nesse universo. Concluímos que a obra musical de Villa-Lobos com temática indígena apresenta uma paisagem sonora específica brasileira, uma referência mundial

TheMPO: A knowledge-based system for therapy planning in pediatric oncology

This article describes the knowledge-based system THEMPO (Therapy Management in Pediatric Oncology), which supports protocol-directed therapy planning and configuration in pediatric oncology. THEMPO provides a semantic network controlled by graph grammars to cover the different types of knowledge relevant in the domain, and offers a suite of acquisition tools for knowledge base authoring. Medical problem solvers, operating on the oncological network, reason about adequate therapeutic and diagnostic timetables for a patient. Furthermore, a corresponding patient record, also based on semantic networks and graph grammars, has been implemented to represent the course of therapy of an oncological patient

Ein graph- und objektorientiertes Datenbank-Modell für die Kinderonkologie

Dieser Beitrag stellt ein graph- und objektorientiertes Datenbank- Modell zur Abbildung komplexer kinderonkologischer Behandlungsverläufe vor, das im Rahmen des Systems TheMPO (Therapy Management in Pediatric Oncology) entwickelt wurde. Der besondere Schwerpunkt lag hierbei auf einer expliziten Repräsentation der in diesem medizinischen Gebiet vielfach vorkommenden Quervernetzungen und medizinischen Beziehungen zwischen Daten. Ferner wurden graphische Werkzeuge für die Akquisition und das Retrieval von Daten-Vernetzungen entwickelt

Heitor Villa-Lobos, the musical education for children between the aesthetic and the ideological point of view

It is undeniable that every work of art reinvents reality from a point of view, the artist recreates based on categories of representation revealing a worldview, supported by his individual imaginary, as well as the imaginary of his time. Heitor Villa-Lobos was an important composer, conductor, cellist, pianist, violinist of the 20th century, world-renowned, although he has never been definitively included in any specific cultural movement. In order to speak about this Brazilian artist involves investigating two aspects: aesthetic and ideological motives. This article, carried out through a bibliographical research, aims to discuss the artistic production of Villa-Lobos and its relation with the musical education of the children and the young people.  É inegável que toda obra de arte reinventa a realidade a partir de um ponto de vista, o artista recria a partir de categorias de representação reveladoras de uma cosmovisão, amparada por seu imaginário individual, bem como o do seu tempo. Heitor Villa-Lobos foi importante compositor, maestro, violoncelista, pianista, violinista brasileiro do século XX, mundialmente conhecido, embora nunca tenha se enquadrado definitivamente em nenhum movimento cultural específico. Falar desse artista implica investigar duas motivações: a estética e a ideológica. O objetivo deste artigo, realizado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, consiste em discutir a produção artística de Villa-Lobos e sua relação com a formação musical da criança e do jovem

Canção, literatura e audiovisual: paisagens sonoras em "O Auto da Compadecida"

The soundtrack of O Auto da Compadecida, directed by Guel Arraes (2000), an intersemiotic translation of the play by Ariano Suassuna, is analyzed, considering the articulation of musical production with the identity and unconscious memory of the collectivity, aspects that discuss the concept of traditional song, based on textual predominance. The relationship between sonority and orality, two expressive instances that compose the soundscape of the narrative (SCHAFER) is examined. Among the results, we point out that the qualities related to the two performative instances are worked in a hybrid way in the film, moving the spectator to an in-between place that allows to immerse himself in the imaginary environment of the Northeastern brazilian backlands.Analisa-se a trilha sonora de O Auto da Compadecida, filme dirigido por Guel Arraes (2000), tradução intersemiótica da peça de Ariano Suassuna, considerando a articulação da produção musical com a identidade e com a memória inconsciente da coletividade, aspectos que problematizam o conceito tradicional de canção, baseado na predominância textual. Discute-se a relação entre sonoridade e oralidade, duas instâncias expressivas a compor a paisagem sonora da narrativa (SCHAFER). Entre os resultados, assinalamos que as qualidades atinentes às duas instâncias performativas são trabalhadas de forma híbrida no filme, deslocando o espectador para um entrelugar que lhe faculta imergir no ambiente imaginário do sertão nordestino

Educação social: projetos interdisciplinares de mídia sonora para adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social / Social education: interdisciplinary sound media projects for socially vulnerable adolescents

Nesta pesquisa de estudo de caso analisamos o projeto interdisciplinar radiofônico denominado “Programa de Rádio Protagonismo Juvenil”, parceria da Pastoral da Criança com a Pastoral do Menor da Arquidiocese de Natal/RN, realizado por educadores sociais e adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social. Objetivamos observar como este projeto de mídia sonora impactou em aspectos de inclusão e educação social nos envolvidos neste processo pedagógico realizado entre 2013 a 2017. Utilizamos como referencial teórico para fundamentação de nosso estudo autores como Zygmunt Bauman (1998), Andréia Escudero (2014), Jesús Martin-Barbero (2006) e Patrick Charaudeau (2006). Concluímos que o universo radiofônico como forma de ensino-aprendizagem tornou atraente o processo de protagonismo e inserção social

The relationship between facial skeletal class and expert-rated interpersonal skill: an epidemiological survey on young Italian adults

BACKGROUND: The facial region plays a major role in determining physical attractiveness, so we assessed the hypothesis that the capability of successfully managing interpersonal relationships in young adults might be related to the facial skeletal class. METHODS: 1,014 young subjects applying to the Military Academy of Pozzuoli, Italy, were enrolled and the cephalometric evaluation was performed by calculating the angular relationships between skeletal points localized by the lateral cephalogram of the face, sorting the subjects in three groups corresponding to each major facial skeletal class. Concurrently, the subjects were evaluated by a team of psychiatrists administering the MMPI-2 test followed by a brief colloquium with each candidate, in order to identify those subjects characterized by low skills for managing interpersonal relationships. RESULTS: According to the psychiatric evaluation about 20% of the subjects were considered potentially unable to manage successfully interpersonal relationships (NS). Males displayed an about two-fold increased risk of being NS. No differences were shown in the distribution of the NS male subjects among the three different facial skeletal classes. On the other hand, NS females displayed a different distribution among the three facial skeletal classes, with a trend of about two-fold and four-fold, respectively, for those subjects belonging to classes II and III, respect to those belonging to class I. CONCLUSION: Females may be more sensitive to physical factors determining beauty, such as the facial morphology certainly is. This finding appears to be interesting especially when thinking about possible orthodontic interventions, although further study is certainly needed to confirm these results

Development of Danish version of child oral-health-related quality of life questionnaires (CPQ8–10 and CPQ11–14)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) is a self-reported questionnaire developed to measure oral health-related quality of life in children. The CPQ aims to improve the description of children's oral health, while taking into consideration the importance of psychological aspects in the concept of health. The CPQ exists in two versions: the CPQ_8–10for children aged 8–10 years and the CPQ_11–14for those aged 11–14 years. The aim of this study was to develop a Danish version of the CPQ_8–10and the CPQ_11–14and to evaluate its validity for use among Danish-speaking children.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The instruments were translated from English into Danish in accordance with a recommended translation procedure. Afterwards, they were tested among children aged 8–10 (n = 120) and 11–14 years (n = 225). The validity was expressed by the correlation between overall CPQ scores and i) self-reported assessment of the influence of oral conditions on everyday life (not at all, very little, some, a lot, very much) and ii) the self-reported rating of oral health. Furthermore, groups of children with assumed decreased oral health-related quality of life were compared with children with healthy oral conditions. Finally, we examined the internal consistency.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The correlation between overall CPQ scores and global assessments of the influence of oral conditions on everyday life showed Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.45, <it>P < 0.001 </it>for CPQ_8–10and 0.50, <it>P < 0.001 </it>for CPQ_11–14. The correlation between overall CPQ scores and the self-reported rating of oral health showed Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.45, <it>P < 0.001 </it>for CPQ_8–10and 0.17, P = 0.010 for CPQ_11–14.</p> <p>The median overall CPQ_8–10scores were 7 for individuals with healthy oral conditions, 5 for individuals with cleft lip and palate, and 15 for individuals with rare oral diseases. The median overall CPQ_11–14scores were 9 for individuals with healthy oral conditions, 9 for individuals with cleft lip and palate, 17.0 for individuals with rare oral diseases, and 22.0 for individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances. There were statistically significant differences between the groups of children with healthy oral conditions and each of the subgroups, except for children with cleft lip and palate.</p> <p>Chronbach'α were 0.82 for CPQ_8–10and 0.87 for CPQ_11–14.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results of this study reveal that the Danish CPQ_8–10and CPQ_11–14, seem to be valid instruments for measuring oral health-related quality of life in children although its ability to discriminate between children with cleft lip and palate and healthy children seem to be limited.</p

Opening and closure forces of sliding mechanisms of different self-ligating brackets

Self-ligating brackets engage the wire by means of a slide mechanism. Forces that have to be applied to open and close the sliding mechanism of brackets are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure and compare the opening and closure forces of different self-ligating brackets. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three different stainless steel self-ligating brackets (Carriere LX, Ortho Organizers; F1000, Leone; Damon Q, Ormco) were tested. For each different bracket, 20 maxillary right central incisors and 20 mandibular right central incisors were used. Opening and closure forces were measured using an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Statistical analysis was performed and ANOVA and Tukey tests were carried out. RESULTS: Opening forces were registered between 1.1 N and 5.6 N, whereas closure forces were recorded between 1.57 N and 4.87 N. Significant differences were detected among the different brackets and between the two prescriptions tested. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of different opening and closure forces of self-ligating brackets can help the orthodontist in the clinical management of these devices

Non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment

Cochrane Oral Health Global Alliance, UK. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), U