Broome on Reasons to Act

In Rationality Through Reasoning, John Broome explores the nature of reasons, rationality, and what he calls “the central ought.” His discussion is rich in distinctions, arguments, and controversial claims. It is also dauntingly rigorous: I am sure I have not mastered Broome’s system. In what follows, I risk some tentative questions about its application to ethics, raising objections and offering an alternative view. There is a lot in Broome’s meticulous, wide-ranging book that I will not address

What is man?

If you were asked to explain philosophy to an anthropologist from Mars, you could do worse than begin with Kant’s three questions: What can I know? What should I do? What may I hope? These questions define the project of philosophy in the Critique of Pure Reason and they have stood the test of time. It is perhaps more surprising that, in lectures published nineteen years later, Kant subsumes his questions under a fourth. In asking what we can know, what we should do, and what we may hope, he contends, we are asking: What is man? At bottom, all philosophy is anthropology

PENGARUH DIMENSI BILAH TERHADAP KERUNTUHAN LENTUR BALOK LAMINASI BAMBU PETING

Bamboo is an alternative to substitute wood as housing material. Bamboo can be made as a glued laminated (glulam) beam due to its high tensile strength. This research objective is to find out the influence of dimension of lamina towards the bending failure of the glulam Peting bamboo beam. Glulam beam has dimension of 60x120x2600 mm consist of bamboo lamina which has dimension of 15x5 mm and 25x5 mm. The glue type is Urea Formaldehyde (UF) and Melamine Formaldehyde (MF), and the clamps pressure was 1,5 MPa and 2,5 MPa to glued the bamboo strip. The four point loading method is used to test the beam where the beam simply supported at distance of 2400 mm. The result shows that glulam with lamina of 15x5 mm has maximum load and flexural strength 11,8% and 19,8% bigger than glulam with lamina of 25x5 mm. Keywords: flexural strength, glulam bamboo beam, lamina

PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang bagaimana pengaruh earning per share, net profit margin dan return on investment terhadap harga saham. Populasi yang menjadi obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur di sektor makanan dan minuman (food and beverages) di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2015, yang diambil secara purposive sampling dan berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, maka jumlah sampel diperoleh sebanyak 9 perusahaan dengan 36 firm year yang memenuhi kriteria. Metode analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan analisis regresi berganda, uji hipotesis yaitu koefisien determinan, uji kelayakan model, dan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi berganda dan uji t dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%, maka hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara uji kelayakan model earning per share (EPS), net profit margin (NPM), dan return on investment (ROI) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa rasio tersebut menjadi salah satu pertimbangan/ layak bagi calon investor untuk menginvestasikan modalnya. Secara parsial, earning per share (EPS), net profit margin (NPM), dan return on investment (ROI) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa investor dalam mengambil keputusan investasi selalu melakukan analisis untuk memperoleh data yang lebih akurat saat melakukan investasi dengan melakukan analisis-analisis teknikal dan fundamental. Kata kunci : Earning per Share, Net Profit Margin, Return on Investment, Harga Saha

KAPASITAS LENTUR BALOK BAMBU WULUNG DENGAN BAHAN PENGISI MORTAR

Kebutuhan perumahan meningkat pesat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk, yang telah mengakibatkan peningkatan penggunaan kayu. Peningkatan kebutuhan material kayu untuk perumahan ini turut memicu penggundulan hutan yang semakin membahayakan kelestarian alam. Oleh sebab itu perlu adanya alternatif material lain sebagai pengganti kayu, salah satunya adalah bambu. Kekuatan balok bambu dapat dilihat dari kapasitas lentur, yaitu berupa nilai MOR, nilai MOE dan kemampuan menahan beban maksimum. Penelitian ini menguji kapasitas lentur balok bambu tanpa dan dengan pengisi mortar. Pengujian benda uji ini dilakukan di laboratorium dengan four point loading system. Balok uji menggunakan jenis bambu Wulung dengan diameter 8-10 cm dan panjang 320 cm. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa balok bambu dengan pengisi mortar mengalami peningkatan beban maksimum jika dibanding dengan balok bambu tanpa pengisi rata-rata sebesar 63,95%, namun mengalami penurunan nilai MOR rata-rata sebesar 19,6% dan nilai MOE rata-rata sebesar 41,5%. Kata kunci: kapasitas lentur, mortar, bambu wulung, MOR, MO

Retrospection

This paper argues from the rationality of nostalgia, affirmation, and regret to a principle of ‘specificity’: it can be rational to respond more strongly to facts that provide us with reasons than to the fact that such reasons exist

Studi Penelusuran (Tracer Study) Alumni Program Studi Pendidikan Luar Biasa Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Surabaya Tahun Wisuda 2000-2004

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) untuk mengetahui profil alumni Program Studi PLB FIP UNESA tahun wisuda 2000-2004, 2) prosentase alumni yang Sudang bekerja dan yang belum bekerja, 3) bidang kerja alumni, 4) Tingkat kesesuaian antara program studi dengan pekerjaan saat ini, 5) kompetensi pengembangan karir alumni, 6) Balikan dan saran yang diberikan alumni untuk Program Studi PLB FIP UNESA. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian penelusuran (tracer study) yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode survei. Responden penelitian adalah alumni Program Studi PLB FIP UNESA tahun wisuda 2000-2004 dengan populasi sejumlah 441 alumni. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan proportionate stratified random sampling, sehingga didapat sampel sejumlah 88 alumni. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan angket yang disebarkan kepada seluruh alumni baik secara langsung maupun dikirim melalui email dan pos. Data dianalisis secara manual menggunakan tabel frekuensi MS Exel dan menghitung prosentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Profil alumni Program Studi PLB FIP UNESA yaitu pada prosentase tertinggi, alumni yang wisuda pada tahun 2000 (48%). Indeks prestasi kumulatif dengan predikat sangat memuaskan (97%). Lama alumni menempuh studi empat semester pada program penyetaraan (48%), sedangkan pada program reguler lama studi lebih dari delapan semester (27%). Saat masih kuliah sebagian besar alumni tidak tergabung dalam keanggotaan organisasi (82%). 2) Alumni sudah bekerja untuk membiayai kehidupan (99%). 3) Bidang kerja alumni saat ini adalah bidang pendidikan (99%). 4) Antara pekerjaan saat ini dengan program studi sangat sesuai (69%). 5) Bakat yang dimiliki alumni dalam pengembangan karir pada prosentase tertinggi terdapat pada kecerdasan interpersonal (58%). Warisan profesi mempengaruhi pengembangan karir alumni (15%). Kondisi atau peristiwa lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pengembangan karir alumni (23%). Alumni berpartisipasi dalam mengikuti kegiatan pendukung pengembangan karir (99%). 6) Saran yang diberikan alumni untuk peningkatan mutu lulusan dan pengembangan program studi adalah peningkatan profesionalisme dosen, peningkatan kualitas materi perkuliahan dan frekuensi praktek lapangan, penyesuaian kompetensi lulusan dengan kebutuhan di lapangan, peningkatan fasilitas perpustakaan seperti daftar buku bacaan tentang anak berkebutuhan khusus yang terbaru serta menjadikan perpustakaan sebagai pusat sumber informasi.     Kata Kunci: Studi penelusuran, alumni, Prodi Pendidikan Luar Biasa UNES

DETERMINANTS OF MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS IN THE COMMUNITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A LITERATURE REVIEW

This study aimed to identify the determinant factors to mental health disorders in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guide was used in this study. The article search was conducted through PubMed, Proquest, Cambridge University Press, and SpringerLink by using the keywords “Determinant Factors” and “Mental Disorder” or “Mental Health” and COVID-19” or “Corona Virus Diseases 2019”. The articles were selected from the studies published from 2019 to 2021. According to the research results, younger people are three times more likely to experience mental disorders than older people. Women tend to experience mental disorders twice as much as men. People who are afraid of being infected are three times more likely to experience mental health problems than people who are not afraid of being infected. People with chronic diseases tend to experience health problems twice as much as people who do not have chronic diseases (OR 1.30-1.84). The results of this literature review can help nurses determine and control factors that affect mental health in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic and to achieve good outcomes in order to prevent more serious conditions due to COVID-19

RISK FACTORS OF TRANSMISSION OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) IN CHILDREN: A REVIEW

Introduction: The transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in the world is still high, especially from the environment where children live and play. The purpose of this review was to analyze host and environmental factors for the risk of transmission of COVID-19 in children, based on empirical studies in the last 2 years. Methods: Search for journals or articles were used databases including Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest and Pubmed. Journal search was conducted from April to October 2020. The PRISMA checklist was used to assess study feasibility. The framework used to review is PICOS and the inclusion criteria used are English-language journals published in 2019 to 2020, discussions related to transmission to children, and the population is children. The data collection was carried out by examining the title, abstract, full text and assessed methodology to determine the eligibility of the journal. Results: Thirty hundred journals have been identified, there are twelve journals that match the research criteria, the study explains the risk factors for the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children (n = 12). Research designs that are widely used to discuss factors associated with the transmission of COVID-19 in children are the Cohort studies, Case-report studies, Case Control, Survey studies, Observes Studies dan Mix method Discussion: Host factors that influence the incidence of COVID-19 in children are immunity, comorbidities, personal hygiene behavior and nutritional status. Children with low immunity and comorbid susceptibility to contracting the virus and will become severe when the child's nutritional status is poor. Conclusion: The environmental factor of the child tends to be transmitted in the child's home and play environment. It is necessary to implement health protocols and increase nutritional intake especially for children