Indistinguishable Encoding for Bidirectional Quantum Key Distribution: Theory to Experiment

We present for the first time, a bidirectional Quantum Key Distribution protocol with minimal encoding operations derived from the use of two `nonorthogonal' unitary transformations selected from two mutually unbiased unitary bases; which are indistinguishable in principle for a single use. Along with its decoding procedure, it is a stark contrast to its `orthogonal encoding' predecessors. Defining a more relevant notion of security threshold for such protocols, the current protocol outperforms its predecessor in terms of security as the maximal amount of information an eavesdropper can glean is essentially limited by the indistinguishability of the transformations. We further propose adaptations for a practical scenario and report on a proof of concept experimental scheme based on polarised photons from an attenuated pulsed laser for qubits, demonstrating the feasibility of such a protocol.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Finite key size analysis of two-way quantum cryptography

Quantum cryptographic protocols solve the longstanding problem of distributing a shared secret string to two distant users by typically making use of one-way quantum channel. However, alternative protocols exploiting two-way quantum channel have been proposed for the same goal and with potential advantages. Here we overview a security proof for two-way quantum key distribution protocols, against the most general eavesdropping attack, that utilize an entropic uncertainty relation. Then, by resorting to the `smooth' version of involved entropies, we extend such a proof to the case of finite key size. The results will be compared to those available for one-way protocols showing some advantages

Magnetic field simulation of golay coil

In the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), besides the main magnetic field and the radio frequency (RF) system, the gradient coils system also plays an important role in signal acquisition. Generally, there are 2 transverse gradient coils and 1 longitudinal gradient coil. In this research, the magnetic field (or gradient) generated by the conventional transverse coil, namely the Golay coil was mapped. The calculation algorithm of the magnetic field generated was written in C-programming language, compiled by the GNU-compiler collection (GCC) and was based on a forward analytical approach by using the Biot-Savart Law. The data was then visualized by Gnuplot. The magnetic field was successfully calculated and plotted using open-source softwares running under Ubuntu operating system and will provide valuable data especially for gradient coil designe

Synthesis and characterization of oil palm trunk hemicellulose derivatives for coagulation/flocculation removal of cationic dyes

Oil palm biomass such oil palm empty fruit bunch, oil palm frond and oil palm trunk (OPT) are considered as the most abundant agrowastes that have the potential to be utilized as raw materials for production of value-added products. Thus, the objective of this study is to synthesize a new novel flocculant based on hemicellulose derived from OPT for cationic dye removal application. Two different flocculants were synthesized in this study: (a) hemicellulose etherified with chloroacetic acid (HcECA) and (b) hemicellulose etherified with acrylamide (HcEAM). Both hemicellulose derivatives were prepared with various etherification mole ratios. The native hemicellulose and its derivatives were characterized using gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The coagulation/flocculation performance of the hemicellulose derivatives were evaluated with cationic dye (i.e. methylene blue, MB) at different initial pH values, hemicellulose derivative dosages and initial dye concentrations. The characterization results confirmed a successful synthesis of the respective hemicellulose derivatives with the improvement on the solubility of both derivatives. The coagulation/flocculation results indicated that HcECA15 has better ability to remove the cationic dyes compared to HcECA10 and HcECA5 whereas, HcEAM1 was better than HcEAM0.1, HcEAM0.5, HcEAM10 and HcEAM15. Changing the initial pH of the dye solution from acidic to alkaline resulted in the increase of dye removal percentage. In addition, higher dosages of hemicellulose derivatives also increased dye removal. On the contrary, high initial dye concentrations reduced the percentage of dye removal. HcEAM showed better efficiency on the cationic dye removal than HcECA due to its ability to produce denser flocs which are usually helpful during sedimentation. As a conclusion, both hemicellulose derivatives have their own novelty to be new flocculants for successful application in cationic dye removal processes. Yet, both flocculants had not fully decolourized the MB and still not highly likely to be applied in real industrial applications for textile wastewater treatment. Thus, the process, ratio of the etherification and mechanism of MB removal should be investigated further to enhance the dye removal performance

Genesis colours of kelicap

The texture, colours and the drape of textiles, provoke a highly personal engagement. Genesis being the epitome of color creation provides the harmonious colour combination in the art. It shows how it was formed and the color changes, evolved, and flowed through the fabric surfaces. The Genesis Colours of Kelicap represents an analysis of colour exploration and transformation of the Kelicap bird species

Chemical Constituents From Annona Muricata (Linn.) and Garcinia Mangostana (Linn.) and Their Biological Activities

Chemical studies were carried out on Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) and Garcilzia mangostana L. (Guttiferae). The chemical investigations covered acetogenin, triterpenoids and xanthones. These compounds were isolated using common chromatographic techniques and were identified by using spectroscopic technique such as NMR, MS, IR and UV. Biological activities for both plants were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against four pathogenic bacteria and four fungi, cytotoxic activity against CEM-SS and HL-60 cell lines and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. Larvicidal activity data have never been reported before.Annona muricata L. (stem bark) have afforded one acetogenin, solamin and two triterpenoids, stigmasterol and sitosterol. Meanwhile studies on Garcinia mangostana L. (bark) have provided a new xanthone, mangosharin (2,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-(3- methylbut-2-eny1)-xanthone) together with six other xanthones, a-mangostin, Pmangostin, garcinone D, xanthone 1, 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2- eny1)-xanthone and mangostanol and one triterpenoid, friedelin. Cytotoxic tests were performed using CEM-SS cell line and HL-60 cell line. The crude hexane extract of Annona muricata L. gave a significant activity with an IC50 value of 0.8 pg/ml against CEM-SS cell line while the crude ethyl acetate (EA) extract also gave a significant activity with an IC5v~a lue of 0.5 pg/ml but against HL-60 cell line. The crude hexane extract of Garcinia mangostana L. is also considered to be active against the CEM-SS cell-line with an IC50 value of 17 pg/ml. Other than that, the pure compounds a-mangostin, mangostanol and garcinone D also gave significant activities with ICso values of 5.5,9.6 and 3.2 pg/ml against CEM-SS cell line, respectively. The antimicrobial activity test was also carried out using four pathogenic bacteria, namely, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis. However, most of the crude extracts gave only moderate or weak activity. The pure compound a-mangostin gave weak activity against Salmonella typhimurium and medium inhibition against Bacillus subtilis.The larvicidal tests were performed against the larvae of Aedes a e m i using the WHO (1981) standard procedures with slight modifications. The crude hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Annona muricata L. showed moderate toxicity towards the larvae by giving LCSO values of less than 100 pg/ml. The crude hexane and ethanol extracts of Garcinia mangostana L. gave weak activities against the larvae with LCso values of more than 150 pglml while the crude ethyl acetate extract showed moderate activity with an LC5() value of 30.1 pg/ml. Larvacidal activity on the pure compound, a-mangostin gave a LCs0 value of 19.4 pglml. No activity was recorded for the antihgal activity test

Kesan Kaunseling Individu Terapi Rasional Emosi Dan Tingkah Laku (Rebt), Kaunseling Sedia Ada (Ksa) Dan Kumpulan Kawalan (Kk) Terhadap Tingkah Laku Agresif Murid Sekolah Menengah

Kesan Kaunseing Individu Terapi Rasional Emosi Dan Tingkah laku (REBT), Kaunseling Sedia Ada (KSA) Dan Kumpulan Kawalan (KK) Terhadap Tingkah Laku Agresif Murid Sekolah Menengah. The Impact of the Rational Emotion Behavior Therapy (REBT) and Basic Counselling Skills on Secondary School Students with (Physical Aggression) Aggressive Behavior

Internet banking : from the perspective of Malaysian bankers

The electronic revolution in the Malaysian banking sector is now more noticeable as banks are trying to keep abreast with information,communication and technology (ICT). Internet banking is a new delivery channel that offers a one-stop service and information unit to gain competitive advantage in the banking sector. While it promises enormous benefit both to consumers and bank,what do bank managers,as providers perceive internet banking? This article seeks to examine the perceptions of bank managers on internet banking with respect to strategic,operational,customer-related and technological issues. A total of 54 responses were received from questionnaires distributed to bank managers in the Northern region of Malaysia. Interestingly, they provide conflicting views. While internet banking enhances customer service,it is perceive to have reduced human resource and banker-customer relationships. Hence, this finding suggests that the management should continue to offer personalised services to its customers.Internet banking should be used as an information and transactional tool to complement and enhance banking operation

Tinjauan ke atas tahap kesediaan pelajar terhadap kerjaya pendidik di politeknik : satu kajian kes di kalangan graduan Sarjana Pendidikan (Teknikal) di Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn, Batu Pahat

This study entitled "An overview on the level of readiness of the students in pursuing teaching career in the polytechnics : a case study among the graduate students of the Masters in Education (Technical) ofKolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn, Batu Pahat." This is the only pre-service post graduate career training programme in technical and vocational education in the country. The design and scope of the curriculum of this programme was specifically design to train engineers and technologist to become teacher in technical and vocational education sector in polytechnics. Since, there were no formal evaluation or tracer studies being conducted for this programme. Therefore, this study intended to evaluate the successfulness ofKUiTTHO graduates in meeting the professional needs. The entire population of 86 graduate in the final semester participated as respondent of this sample. Feedbacks through questionnaires were analised for value of min, standard deviation and one way ANOT'A were calculated using Statistical Package.for Social Sc1e11ce (SPSS) software. The finding showed that there were strong relationship between the level of acquisition of knowledge and expertise towards the professional readiness in pursuing teaching careers in technical and vocational education sectors in polytechnics