Comparison of Hemodynamic Variations, Bispectral Index and Myoclonus Score of Propofol Dosage in Anesthesia Induced Patients

Aims Propofol is the most widely used intravenous anesthetic medication. It is necessary to assess the doses of the medication to determine proper anesthetic depth and to prevent its side-effects. The aim of this study was to compare 1 and 2.5mg/Kg doses of propofol in hemodynamic changes, myoclonus degree, and bi-spectral index (BIS) monitoring level in patients under anesthetic induction. Materials & Methods In the two-blind random clinical trial study, 92 patients being candidate for surgery wit general anesthesia induction were studied in Shahr-e Kord Kashani Center in 2013. The subjects, selected via simple sampling method, were randomly divided into two groups. The first and the second groups were received 1 and 2.5mg/kg doses of propofol, respectively. Hemodynamic, myoclonus, and BIS indices were measured at four different times in the groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 17 using independent T and Chi-square tests, as well as repeated ANOVA and Fisher’s test. Findings There was no significant difference between the groups in the hemodynamic variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, and BIS (p>0.05). In addition, the change rates of the variables were the same. Nevertheless, there was a significant difference between the groups in the pulse change rate (p=0.032). There was no significant difference between the groups in myoclonus (p>0.05). Conclusion The hemodynamic changes and the changes in myoclonus degree and BIS are the same in 1 and 2.5mg/kg doses of propofol in the patients undergoing anesthetic induction

The comparative effect of Valeriana officinalis versus Diazepam on the state of anxiety before operation in female patients admitted in Kashani hospital

Background and aims: Valeriana officinalis is one of the most practical herbal medicines with anxiolytic and sedative properties. This study was conducted to compare herbal medicine V. officinalis and diazepam on reduction of preoperative anxiety. Methods: In this double-blinded clinical trial study, 60 female patients candidated for elective surgery were enrolled into the study. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups including: V. officinalis (5 dl concentrated extract Zardband Pharmaceutical Co.), Diazepam (5 mg tablet), and Placebo. The medicines were orally administered to the patients every 2 hours before anesthesia. The data were gathered by Spielberger Anxiety Inventory (manifest anxiety) and form of individual information and vital signs including blood pressure, pulse, and respiration at 2 steps, before medicine administration and two hours after medicine administration. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pair t- test, Chi- square, and ANOVA in SPSS software. Results: Mean score of manifest anxiety in the patients was 28.26±7.94 prior to treatment with V. officinalis and 16.56±7.25 after treatment, in diazepam group prior to treatment 25.56±5.44 and after treatment 22.40±5.54, and in placebo group prior to treatment 24.70±7.09 and after treatment 23.60±7.09, with a significant reduction in score of manifest anxiety in the patients in all three groups (P=0.001). The highest reduction of anxiety score was associated with V. officinalis followed by diazepam and placebo (P=0.001). Conclusion: Considering the findings of this study could be argued that V. officinalis has effect on preoperative anxiety and could be used in reducing preoperative anxiety in operating rooms

Synthesis and characterization of new heat resistance and organosoluble poly(ether-amide)

New series of olefinic poly(ether-amide)s (OPEA)s 6a-f was synthesized from 4,4′-bis(1,4-diphenoxybutane)diacrylic acid 4 and aromatic diamine 5a-f via a direct polycondensation reaction. The resulting polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), solubility test and inherent viscosity. The thermal properties of the polymers 6a-c were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Polymer 6c due to presence of SO2 group as a polar group shows better thermal properties compare with polymer 6a and 6b. KEY WORDS: Polycondensation, Polyamide, Ether group, Thermal properties Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2013, 27(3), 413-419.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v27i3.1

Comparision of hemodynamic changes, movement, duration of surgery and pain between lateral and supine posision after spinal anesthesia in transurethral lithotrips

Introduction: Patient position during surgery is an important issue that can affect vital indices. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare hemodynamic changes, movements, surgery length, and pain during transurethral lithotripsy (TUL) in supine and lateral positions. Patients and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 76 patients who were candidate for TUL, randomized to two groups of 38 for each. In the lateral group, after inducing spinal anesthesia, the patients were positioned lateral and in supine group, the patients were positioned supine immediately after injecting anesthetic. Vital signs were recorded at six intervals; 5 minutes before anesthesia and 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after anesthesia. In addition, movements and pain during surgery were assessed. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics, independent t test, and repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 22. Results: There were significant differences in changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure at different intervals between the two groups in such a way that hemodynamic stability was greater in the lateral group (P 0.05). Surgery length, movement and pain during surgery were not significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hemodynamic changes especially blood pressure were less remarkable in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia in TUL at lateral position than those in supine position. Additionally, no significant differences in patients' movement and surgery, and surgery length between the two positions was detected

Utjecaj izloženosti 1,6-heksametilen diizocijanatu (HDI) na vršni ekspiratorni protok u autolakirera u Iranu

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational exposure to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) on peak flowmetry in automobile body paint shop workers in Iran. We studied a population of 43 car painters exposed to HDI at their workplaces. Peak expiratory fl ow was tested for one working week, from the start to the end of each shift. Air was sampled and HDI analysed in parallel, according to the OSHA 42 method. Daily and weekly HDI exposure averages were (0.42±0.1) mg m-3 and (0.13±0.05) mg m-3, respectively. On painting days, 72 % of workers showed more than a 10 % variation in peak expiratory fl ow. Inhalation exposure exceeded the threshold limit value (TLV) ten times over. This strongly suggests that HDI affected the peak fl owmetry in the studied workers.Cilj je ovog ispitivanja bio utvrditi vršni protok u 43 iranska autolakirera profesionalno izložena 1,6-heksametilen diizocijanatu (HDI). Vršni ekspiratorni protok testiran je tjedan dana na početku i kraju svake smjene. Uzorkovanje i mjerenje HDI-ja u zraku radilo se istodobno s testiranjem vršnoga protoka, prema metodi OSHA 42. Prosječna dnevna izloženost radnika HDI-ju iznosila je (0.42±0.1) mg m-3, a tjedna (0.13±0.05) mg m-3. U 72 % radnika vršni ekspiratorni protok tijekom dana varirao je više od 10 %. Radnici su udisali deset puta više razine HDI-ja od graničnih te je moguće da je HDI utjecao na mjerenja plućne funkcije

On Solution and Stability of a Two-Variable Functional Equations

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the stability of the functional equation f(x+y,y+z)=2f(x/2,y/2)+2f(y/2,z/2) in normed spaces. The solutions of such functional equations are considered

Relationship between cancer characteristics and quality of life in the cancer patients under chemotherapy referred to selected clinic of Tehran university of medical sciences

زمینه و هدف: بیماران مبتلاء به سرطان دچار مشکلات جسمی، روحی و اجتماعی زیادی می شوند که این مشکلات باعث اختلال در روند طبیعی زندگی و کیفیت آن می گردد. لذا با توجه به اینکه در جامعه ما به مفهوم کیفیت زندگی و عوامل مرتبط با آن از جمله درد، خستگی وغیره در بیماران سرطانی کمتر پرداخته شده است شناخت این عوامل به پرستاران کمک می کند تا فعالیت های خود را در جهت ارتقاء سطح سلامت و بهبود کیفیت زندگی بیماران سازماندهی نمایند. پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی از نوع ارتباطی است که به منظور بررسی ارتباط بین ویژگی های سرطان و کیفیت زندگی در بیماران سرطانی تحت شیمی درمانی مراجعه کننده به درمانگاه منتخب انکولوژی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران صورت گرفته است. روش مطالعه: در این تحقیق 200 نفر از بیماران مبتلا به انواع سرطان (تومورهای توپر)که به منظور شیمی درمانی به درمانگاه منتخب انکولوژی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران مراجعه نموده بودند بصورت نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. گردآوری داده ها از طریق مصاحبه، گزارش خود بیمار و مراجعه به پرونده بیمار انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات بر اساس پرسشنامه Qol-BC ( (Quality of Breast Cancerبود که توسط پژوهشگر تعدیل شده است. جهت دستیابی به اهداف از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی استفاده شده و جهت تعیین ارتباط آماری از آزمون کای دو استفاده شده است. نتایج: یافته ها نشان داد اکثریت واحدهای مورد پژوهش 35 مبتلاء به سرطان گوارش، 5/35 بیماران در مرحله 3 بیماری، در 5/61 طول مدت بیماری از زمان تشخیص کمتر از یکسال، 41 دارای شدت درد خفیف بودند، 91 بیماری خود را قبول داشتند، 5/84 کاهش یا از دست دادن عملکرد اعضاء بدن از زمان بیماری داشتند و 5/69 شدت خستگی متوسط داشته اند. نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش بیانگرآن بود که کیفیت زندگی اکثریت واحدهای مورد پژوهش (66) متوسط بوده است در رابطه با ارتباط ویژگی های سرطان با کیفیت زندگی نتایج نشان داد که بین نوع سرطان (05/0

Type and Rate of Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in the Orthopedic Patients Underwent Elective Surgeries in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Babol

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Postoperative infection has been one of the most frequent problems in orthopedics that the prescription of antibiotics to prevent surgical infection is an effective strategy to reduce infections after surgery.The aim of this study was investigating type and amount of prophylactic antibiotics used in the orthopedic cases administered in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Babol, northern Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 traumatic and non-traumatic patients underwent elective orthopedic surgeries and received antibiotic prophylaxis during 2015-2016. The necessary data were collected from the patients' records using a predesigned checklist. This checklist consisted of demographic information, type and mechanism of trauma and information related to prophylaxis (name of antibiotic, dosage, administration method, time to start prophylaxis, administration intervals and overall prophylaxis duration). FINDINGS: Out of 450 patients, 300 (66.7%) were male and others were female. The mean age was 42.37±21.53. The most commonly used antibiotic was cefazolin (n=437, 97.3%) and gentamycin (n=276, 62%), and the lowest was amikacin (n=8, 1.8%). Mean duration of use was 4.92±1.8 days, ranging from 1 to 15 days. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the use of prophylactic antibiotics is high and they should be administered with more precise control. The most commonly used antibiotic for prophylaxis was cefazolin and the least was amikacin