Crystal structure of 3-{(E)-[(3, 4-dichloro-phenyl)imino]methyl}benzene-1, 2-diol

The authors acknowledge the provision of funds for the purchase of diffractometer and encouragement by Dr.Muhammad Akram Chaudhary, Vice Chancellor, University of Sargodha, Pakistan.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Modeling and analysis of nonlinear rotordynamics due to higher order deformations in bending

A mathematical model incorporating the higher order deformations in bending is devel- oped and analyzed to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of rotors. The rotor system con- sidered for the present work consists of a flexible shaft and a rigid disk. The shaft is modeled as a beam with a circular cross section and the Euler Bernoulli beam theory is applied with added effects such as rotary inertia, gyroscopic effect, higher order large deformations, rotor mass unbalance and dynamic axial force. The kinetic and strain (defor- mation) energies of the rotor system are derived and the Rayleigh–Ritz method is used to discretize these energy expressions. Hamilton’s principle is then applied to obtain the mathematical model consisting of second order coupled nonlinear differential equations of motion. In order to solve these equations and hence obtain the nonlinear dynamic response of the rotor system, the method of multiple scales is applied. Furthermore, this response is examined for different possible resonant conditions and resonant curves are plotted and discussed. It is concluded that nonlinearity due to higher order deformations significantly affects the dynamic behavior of the rotor system leading to resonant hard spring type curves. It is also observed that variations in the values of different parameters like mass unbalance and shaft diameter greatly influence dynamic response. These influences are also presented graphically and discussed

Impact of Selected Infrared Wavelengths on Inactivation of Microbes on Rough Rice

Formation of harmful microbes and their associated mycotoxins on rough rice during storage presents negative socioeconomic impacts to producers and consumers. The objective for this study was to investigate the impact of treating rough rice with selected infrared (IR) wavelengths at different IR intensities and heating durations, followed by a tempering step for further inactivation of microbes (mold and bacteria) on the grain. Freshly-harvested long-grain, hybrid, rough rice (XL 745) with initial moisture content (IMC) of 18.4% wet basis (w.b.) was used. Two-hundred grams (200 g) samples of rice were treated at different IR wavelengths (λ), 3.2, 4.5, and 5.8 μm for 10, 20 and 30 seconds (s); at product-to-emitter gaps of 110, 275, and 440 mm. This was then followed by tempering the grain; putting samples in air-tight jars and holding at a constant temperature of 60 oC for 4 hours (h). Inoculated Petrifilm plates for mold and bacterial analyses were incubated at 25 oC for 120 h and 35 oC for 48 h respectively. Samples treated at wavelength 3.2 μm (product-to-emitter gap 110 mm) for 30 s showed the greatest reduction in mold and bacterial load; approximately 3.11 and 1.09 log reduction in the colony forming unit of mold and bacteria, respectively. Microbial analysis was performed on the rice prior to tempering, then all of the rice was tempered and microbial analysis was performed again to analyze the effectiveness of a tempering step. Tempering treatment further reduced the microbial load at each IR treatment condition. Molds showed more susceptibility to the IR decontamination than bacteria. This study provides useful information on the effectiveness of IR heating and tempering on microbial inactivation on rough rice

A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON LAND USE POLICY ALTERNATIVES AND CONSEQUENCES AT THE RURAL-URBAN FRINGE

Land Economics/Use,

A Resource-Based View Of International Human Resources: Toward A Framework of Integrative and Creative Capabilities

Drawing on organizational learning and MNC perspectives, we extend the resource-based view to address how international human resource management provides sustainable competitive advantage. We develop a framework that emphasizes and extends traditional assumptions of the resource-based view by identifying the learning capabilities necessary for a complex and changing global environment. These capabilities address how MNCs might both create new HR practices in response to local environments and integrate existing HR practices from other parts of the firm (affiliates, regional headquarters, and global headquarters). In an effort to understand the nature of such capabilities, we discuss aspects of human capital, social capital, and organizational capital that might be linked to their development. Page