Quality of Sleep and Its Effect on Glycemic Control

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread illness that affects around 347 million individuals globally. DM not only has many clinical implications but also has a detrimental impact on the quality of sleep in patients. Insufficient sleep quality hinders the proper regulation of blood sugar levels, which is considered a fundamental aspect of managing diabetes. It also has other harmful repercussions that significantly affect one's overall quality of life. Increasing data suggests that sleep disturbances and sleep deprivation have an impact on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Simultaneously, changes in glucose metabolism can potentially affect the quality of sleep. The association between T2DM and sleep-disturbed breathing has been thoroughly investigated. Individuals diagnosed with T2DM exhibit a remarkably elevated incidence of obstructive sleep apnea, which subsequently leads to suboptimal management of blood sugar levels. Conversely, the correlation between T1DM and sleep has not been well-studied

Cosmetic dermatology training: Perceptions and experiences of dermatologists and residents in Saudi Arabia

Background: According to the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, nearly 12 million dermatological procedures were performed in 2017, of which more than half were cosmetic surgeries. The Saudi population has a positive attitude toward and acceptance of cosmetic surgeries, with a dramatic increase in demand from female patients. Dermatologists are expected to be familiar with several cosmetic procedures, therefore, the quality of residency cosmetic training must be of the highest standards. Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the experience of dermatologists and dermatology residents regarding cosmetic dermatology training in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, online, questionnaire-based study was conducted from March 2020 to July 2020 among 101 dermatologists and dermatology residents (postgraduate years 2, 3, and 4) in Saudi Arabia. Results: Laser surgery was the most performed procedure (65%), followed by botulinum toxin injection (50%). Experience was lacking and additional training was needed for soft-tissue filling (77%) and chemical peels (60%). A large majority (90%) reported not receiving adequate cosmetic procedures training during their residency. Conclusion: The growing demand for cosmetic operations has increased the need for cosmetic dermatological training. Although most trainees were exposed to esthetic dermatology at some point, this exposure appears inadequate. Improving the curriculum in the dermatology residency program for training in cosmetic procedures may be a priority