Prime-based method for interactive mining of frequent patterns

Over the past decade, an increasing number of efficient mining algorithms have been proposed to mine the frequent patterns by satisfying a user specified threshold called minimum support (minsup). However, determining an appropriate value for minsup to find proper frequent patterns in different applications is extremely difficult. Since rerunning the mining algorithms from scratch can be very time consuming, researchers have introduced interactive mining to find proper patterns by using the current mining model with various minsup. Thus far, a few efficient interactive mining algorithms have been proposed. However, their runtime do not fulfill the need of short runtime in real time applications especially where data is sparse and proper frequent patterns are mined with very low values of minsup. As response to the above-mentioned challenges, this study is devoted towards developing an interactive mining method based on prime number and its special characteristic “uniqueness” by which the content of the relevant data is transformed into a compact layout. At first, a general architecture for interactive mining is proposed consisting of two isolated components: mining model and mining process. Then, the proposed method is developed based on the architecture such that the mining model is constructed once, and it can be frequently mined by various minsup. In the mining model construction, the content of relevant data is captured by a novel tree structure called PC-tree with one database scan and mining materials are consequently formed. The PC-tree is a well-organized tree structure, which is systematically built based on descendant making introduced in this study. Moreover, this study introduces a mining algorithm called PC-miner to mine the mining model frequently with various values of minsup. It grows an effective candidate head set introduced in this study starting from the longest candidate patterns by using the Apriori principle. Meanwhile, during the growing of the candidate head set in each round, the longest candidate patterns are used to find maximal frequent patterns from which the frequent patterns can be derived. Moreover, the PC-miner reduces the number of candidate patterns and comparisons by using several pruning techniques. A comprehensive experimental analysis is conducted by several experiments and scenarios to evaluate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method especially for interactive mining. The experimental results verify that the proposed method constructs the mining model independent of minsup once and this enable the model to be frequently mined. The results also show that the proposed method mines frequent patterns correctly and efficiently. Moreover, the results verify that the proposed method speeds up interactive mining of frequent patterns over both sparse and dense datasets with more scalable total runtime for very low values of minsup over sparse datasets as compared to results from the previous work

Effect of Padina australis extract on growth, feed, fatty acids profile and carcass composition in Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Padina astraulis extract on the growth performances (final weight (FW) and daily growth ratio (DGR)), feed indices (feed conversion rate (FCR), voluntary feed intake (VFI), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and lipid efficiency ratio (LER) and body chemical (protein, fat, moisture and ash) and fatty acid profile of Mugil cephalus for 62 days. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 360 of Mugil cephalus larvae (with average weight of 0.82±0.02g) in 4 treatments and 3 replicates (n=30 in each replicate) and included: control group without using algae extract, an another groups (treatment 2, 3 and 4) the amounts of this extract were 5,10 and 15 g/kg food. The results showed that at the end of experiment, the highest FW (4.22±0.11g), DGI (1.77±0.51%), the lowest FCR (0.95±0.05), the highest VFI (2.81±0.12 %), the highest PER (2.91±0.78), the highest LER (3.66±0.54), the highest crude protein (23.51±0.98%), the highest crude lipid (18.95±0.08%) and the highest poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) including C18:2n-6 (6.51±0.04%), C18:3n-3 (4.81±0.09%) and C20:5n-3 (EPA) (5.21±0.10%) were observed in the diet containing 15 g /kg algae extract in all of these parameters, treatment 4 showed a significant difference compared with control group (P<0.05). Finally, the present findings revealed that diet containing 15 g/kg Padina astraulis could improve growth, feed performances, carcass quality and increase PUFA level in Mugil cephalus larvae

Efficient dye adsorption by highly porous nanofiber aerogels

Electrospun nanofiber membranes are frequently used in adsorption processes thanks to their high specific surface area, tailored surface functionality, and fiber uniformity. However, they are still facing challenges such as low mechanical stability and unfavorable mass transport properties. In this study, an ultra-light and robust 3D nanofiber aerogel (NFA) or nanofiber sponge with tunable porosity and flexibility was synthesized from short pullulan/polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylic acid nanofibers using a freeze casting process followed by thermal crosslinking. We demonstrate time the application of such NFAs in batch and continuous adsorption systems and compare their performance with flat nanofiber membranes (NFM). The NFAs proved to be promising adsorbents for cationic dyes due to their high adsorption capacity (383 mg/g) and their reusability. Langmuir isotherm was a suitable model for describing the adsorption process. The endothermic system followed a pseudo second order kinetic model and intra-fiber adsorption is found to be involved in the adsorption process. Dye adsorption by 3D NFAs was four times faster than for the respective flat NFMs and when used in a continuous process as a deep-bed filter, the pressure drop through the NFA was reduced by a factor of 40 while maintaining equal adsorption performance as for the NFM

Workforce fatigue model and its relationship with workforce productivity

Earlier studies have shown that attention to ergonomic factors such as suitable work design and planning, appropriate workplace design and facilities, and suitable machine and human design can help to boost workforce productivity, enhance work safety, increase nervous and physical well-being and fulfil job satisfaction. Ergonomic studies can assist managers in planning to reduce fatigue and increase workforce productivity. A review of the models of ergonomics shows that there is a need to conduct further research to gain a more comprehensive fatigue model. This research aims to propose a workforce fatigue model and investigate its relationship with workforce productivity, and the relationships among the variables and mediating variables with the physical and nervous abilities. The main research question is whether there is a significant relationship between the workforce fatigue model and workforce productivity. By adding forgetfulness and retraining as dependent variables and several mediating variables, this model enhances its precision and sensitivity. The service companies in Iran contribute 51.5 % to the economy of the country. From this percentage, the telecommunication service industry holds 12.8%. As a case study, the researcher decided to select a few telecommunication companies, which make up the biggest branches of the telecommunication companies of Iran. To achieve the research objectives, initially interviews were conducted with thirty experts in this area. Answers and responses from the questions about the fatigue model and the degree of its impact on productivity were used to test the performance and validity of the model. The interview results were analysed and the degree of effectiveness of each variable on the conceptual model was measured. Accordingly, a point was assigned to each variable. It was decided to include the main variables and mediating variables with the highest point in the final model. Based on the findings from the interviews, questionnaires were designed and distributed among the eligible study workforce of the companies. Four hundred and fifty respondents were selected as the sample size, among eight hundred workers, from whom information required for the analysis of the model was collected. The survey data collected from the respondents were processed using a Chi-Square Test, Kolmogorov-Smimov Z Test, One Sample TTest, and Cronbach’s alpha. The result showed a strong significant relationship (pvalue was less than 5%) between the workforce fatigue model and workforce productivity and this model provides higher efficiency and accuracy in assisting the company managers in their decision making in work planning and design. The findings from the case service companies greatly improve workforce productivity through reducing risks due to fatigue in the work environment

The study of interleukin-23 and interleukin-10 serum levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to osteoporosis and healthy subjects

زمینه و هدف: سیتوکین ها در روندهایی که باعث التهاب، تخریب مفصلی و علائم خارج مفصلی که به همراه آرتریت روماتوئید دیده می شود، دارای نقش اساسی هستند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی نقش اینترلوکین-23 و اینترلوکین-10 در بیماری آرتریت روماتوئید قبل از درمان و سه ماه پس از درمان در مقایسه با گروه کنترل و افراد مبتلا به استئوپروز می باشد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مقطعی، 30 بیمار مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید، 30 فرد سالم بعنوان گروه کنترل و 15 بیمار مبتلا به استئوپروز که از نظر سن و جنس همسان بودند انتخاب و نمونه های خون آن ها به منظور اندازه گیری سطوح سرمی اینترلوکین-23 و اینترلوکین- 10 جمع آوری گردید. مقادیر سرمی اینترلوکین های مذکور به روش الیزا اندازه گیری شد. یافته ها: میزان اینترلوکین-23 در بیماران مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید به طور معنی داری بیشتر از گروه کنترل و افراد مبتلا به استئوپروز بود. مقادیر سرمی اینترلوکین-23 در بیماران مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید سه ماه بعد از درمان بطور معنی داری نسبت به مقادیر سرمی آن قبل از درمان کاهش یافته بود. مقادیر سرمی اینترلوکین-10 در گروه بیماران مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید قبل از درمان نسبت به گروه کنترل و گروه مبتلا به استئوپروز اختلاف معنی داری نداشت، اما سطوح سرمی اینترلوکین مذکور در بیماران مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید قبل از درمان و سه ماه بعد از درمان اختلاف معنی داری را نشان داد. نتیجه گیری: اینترلوکین-23 و اینترلوکین-10 در بیماران مبتلا به آرتریت روماتوئید بسیار فعال بوده و دچار تغییرات شدیدی می شوند؛ در نتیجه این سیتوکین ها ممکن است، به مقدار زیادی در مکانیسم پاتولوژیک بیماری دخالت داشته باشند