Defining binding efficiency and specificity of auxins for SCF(TIR1/AFB)-Aux/IAA co-receptor complex formation.

Structure-activity profiles for the phytohormone auxin have been collected for over 70 years, and a number of synthetic auxins are used in agriculture. Auxin classification schemes and binding models followed from understanding auxin structures. However, all of the data came from whole plant bioassays, meaning the output was the integral of many different processes. The discovery of Transport Inhibitor-Response 1 (TIR1) and the Auxin F-Box (AFB) proteins as sites of auxin perception and the role of auxin as molecular glue in the assembly of co-receptor complexes has allowed the development of a definitive quantitative structure-activity relationship for TIR1 and AFB5. Factorial analysis of binding activities offered two uncorrelated factors associated with binding efficiency and binding selectivity. The six maximum-likelihood estimators of Efficiency are changes in the overlap matrixes, inferring that Efficiency is related to the volume of the electronic system. Using the subset of compounds that bound strongly, chemometric analyses based on quantum chemical calculations and similarity and self-similarity indices yielded three classes of Specificity that relate to differential binding. Specificity may not be defined by any one specific atom or position and is influenced by coulomb matrixes, suggesting that it is driven by electrostatic forces. These analyses give the first receptor-specific classification of auxins and indicate that AFB5 is the preferred site for a number of auxinic herbicides by allowing interactions with analogues having van der Waals surfaces larger than that of indole-3-acetic acid. The quality factors are also examined in terms of long-standing models for the mechanism of auxin binding

Mobile Use Pattern of Sugarcane Growers in Kamareddy District, Telangana State

This study tries to fi gure out an understanding of mobile use pattern of sugarcane growers in Kamareddy District, Telangana state in terms of their socioeconomic profi le, information needs through mobile app, perceived benefi ts of information delivery on sugarcane through mobile app and the possible constraints involved by interviewing 60 growers from the command area of Gayathri Sugars, Telengana. Demographic profi le indicated that they were mostly middle to old-aged with secondary to graduate level of education, had a rich farming experience of more than 25 years and majority owned 3-5 hectares of arable land. Over three-fourth of the respondents had mobile phones with internet facilities and most of them had owned mobile phones for the last 5-10 years. Majority of them got mobile phones to communicate with their family members, relatives and friends, wherein they were using mobile phones to disseminate information related to family matters etc. and hardly use mobile phones to share information on agriculture. The most important information need for the sample farmers was on fertigation schedule, maintenance of drip irrigation system and mechanization to overcome labor problem. All the respondents perceived the benefi ts of mobile app as access to information any time, time saving as we can get the information at home itself, information can be stored in mobile and referred as and when needed, easy to store information in the mobile phone and can repeatedly browse the information. All the respondents felt the necessity to carry the mobiles always, has to be charged quite often as it would run out of battery, fear of theft of mobile sets and loss of all the information stored if mobile phone is lost. When it comes to using mobile apps for educational purpose, the major constraints experienced by all the respondents are the need for internet connection for using mobile apps, slow internet connectivity and have to recharge for internet connection.</jats:p