A transferable artificial neural network model for atomic forces in nanoparticles

We have designed a new method to fit the energy and atomic forces using a single artificial neural network (SANN) for any number of chemical species present in a molecular system. The traditional approach for fitting the potential energy surface (PES) for a multicomponent (MC) system using artificial neural network (ANN) is to consider n number of networks for n number of chemical species in the system. This shoots the computational cost and makes it difficult to apply to a system containing more number of species. We present a new strategy of using a SANN to compute energy and forces of a chemical system. Since, atomic forces are significant for geometry optimizations and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) for any chemical system, their accurate prediction is of utmost importance. So, to predict the atomic forces, we have modified the traditional way of fitting forces from underlying energy expression. We have applied our strategy to study geometry optimizations and dynamics in gold-silver nanoalloys and thiol protected gold nanoclusters. Also, force fitting has made it possible to train smaller size systems and extrapolate the parameters to make accurate predictions for larger systems. This proposed strategy has definitely made the mapping and fitting of atomic forces easier and can be applied to a wide variety of molecular systems

The data chase : what's out there on trade costs and nontariff barriers ?

Trade costs and nontariff barriers are at the forefront of discussions on competitiveness and expanding trade opportunities for developing countries. This paper provides a summary overview of data and indicators relevant to these issues and has been informed by work underway at the World Bank on trade facilitation over the past several years to catalogue data sets and indicators. Although there has been progress in expanding data sets and developing policy-relevant indicators on trade costs and barriers, much more is needed. In order to assess progress toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals, evaluating the impact of development projects, and whether meeting Aid for Trade goals will be met, for example, a dedicated and expansive new effort to collect and assess data is needed. This paper attempts to highlight gaps in data on trade costs and provides insight into the type of new data that might be developed in the future.Transport Economics Policy&Planning,Economic Theory&Research,Trade Law,Free Trade,Trade Policy

A two-dimensional (2D) potential distribution model for the short gate-length ion-implanted GaAs mesfets under dark and illuminated conditions

An analytical 2D model to predict the potential distribution of short-channel ionimplanted GaAs MESFETs has been presented. The 2D potential distribution in the channel of the short-channel device has been obtained by solving the 2D Poisson’s equation in conjunction with suitable boundary conditions using superposition method. The remarkable feature of the proposed model is that the implanted doping profile has been treated in completely analytical manner. A double-integrable Gaussian-like function has been assumed as the doping distribution profile in the vertical direction of the channel. The effects of excess carrier generation due to the incident optical radiation in channel region have been included in the Poisson’s equation to study the optical effects on the device. The photovoltage developed across the gate metal has also been modeled. The proposed model has been verified by comparing the theoretically predicted results with simulated data obtained by using the commercially available ATLASTM2D device simulator. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2785

An Exploratory Study on the Use of Social Media for Social Marketing

Social media refers to the online media that allows multi-directional conversations and real-time interactions such as social networking sites (SNS), blogs, discussions forums, content sharing, social bookmarks, wikis etc. Over the last decade, social media marketing has become a key focus area for both marketing practitioners and researchers. This paper focuses on the impact of social media in the domain of social marketing. For this study, we consider previous academic research in the area of social media and social marketing published in eminent research journals and management. After creating a summative background of social media and social marketing, we propose a model to understand the role of social media as a catalyst in the process of social change. Finally, we present two cases where social media played a significant role as a social catalyst

Ethnobotanical Observation on Tuberous Plants from Tribal Area of Rajasthan (India)

The present paper gives an account of 42 tuberous plants of Ethnobotanical interest from Aravalli hills of Rajasthan. Main tribes inhabiting the study area are Bhil, Meena, Garasia, Damor and Kathodi. These tribes use the tuberous plants for various purposes in their daily life. Health, vitality and longevity enjoyed by the tribals have been attributed by them to these wild tuberous plants. On account of environmental changes and lack of insight of conservation of tuberous plants, many of them have become rare, threatened and endangered. If proper attention is not given, extinction of these plant species is certain and this is beyond doubt. Therefore identification and utility of these tuberous plants and compilation of a database on local information held by the tribes is stressed. Ethnobotanical information about tuberous plants is given by mentioning their botanical name, family, local name, time of flowering and fruiting, ecology and uses

Determination of glibenclamide, metformin hydrochloride and rosiglitazone maleate by reversed phase liquid chromatographic technique in tablet dosage form

A simple, precise and accurate high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride, rosiglitazone maleate, glibenclamide present in multicomponent dosage forms. Chromatography was performed on a 25 cm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5-μm particle, C18 column with 78:22 (v/v) methanol: 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 238 nm for metformin hydrochloride, rosiglitazone maleate, and glibenclamide. The total elution time was shorter than 9 min. This method was found to be precise and reproducible. This proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of metformin hydrochloride, rosiglitazone maleate, glibenclamide as a bulk drug and in pharmaceutical formulation without any interference from the excipients

Sustainability Practices as Competitive Edge on Five Star Hotels of Delhi: a Study on Manager's Perception

The study aims to conduct an analysis describing the sustainable strategy available for hotels, evaluating its potential to create competitive advantage and exploring how its implementation influences other actors in the industry specifically and the whole area development generally. For the purpose of this study, Delhi has been chosen with a focus on the Five Star and Five-star Deluxe Hotels of the city. A survey was conducted with the employees working in 15 Five stars and Five-star Deluxe Hotels in Delhi. According to the analysis, the sustainable efforts of the hotel include environmental, social and economic initiatives. The results of the survey highlighted the sustainability practices that are being adopted and the extent of their implementation by these hotels. It also showed the relationship between a hotel's sustainability practices and employees' satisfaction. Furthermore, the study has explored the ability of sustainable efforts to create a unique reputation for the hotel which may enable it to gain a competitive edge. The latter, in turn, attracts the business customers who consider the sustainable hotel as a valuable partner for their own reputation. All in all, as sustainability practices enhance profitability, it is considered a source of completive advantage

Nuclear Receptors as Therapeutic Targets for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Lost in Translation

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a progressive loss of neurons that leads to a broad range of disabilities, including severe cognitive decline and motor impairment, for which there are no effective therapies. Several lines of evidence support a putative therapeutic role of nuclear receptors (NRs) in these types of disorders. NRs are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of a wide range of genes linked to metabolism and inflammation. Although the activation of NRs in animal models of neurodegenerative disease exhibits promising results, the translation of this strategy to clinical practice has been unsuccessful. In this review we discuss the role of NRs in neurodegenerative diseases in light of preclinical and clinical studies, as well as new findings derived from the analysis of transcriptomic databases from humans and animal models. We discuss the failure in the translation of NR-based therapeutic approaches and consider alternative and novel research avenues in the development of effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases