Using abstract interpretation to produce dependable aerospace control software

In the context of software dependability, the software veri- fication process has an important role. Formal verification of programs is an activity that can be inserted in this process to improve software reliability. This paper presents the defini- tion of an approach that employs a formal verification tech- nique based on abstract interpretation. The main goal is to apply this technique as a formal activity in the software veri- fication process to help software engineers identify programs faults. The applicability of the proposed approach is demon- strated by a case study based on embedded aerospace control software. The results obtained from its use show that abstract interpretation can contribute to software dependability.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

The active ageing as life experience: narratives of elderly people

Objective: Analyze the experience of active aging in the life's history of old people in the city of Franca (SP). Method: Study bibliographical, documentary and field research. Use the qualitative approach, we have opted for the oral history method, because it searches to explain the meanings of daily has grown significantly through the stories of lives, gathering information through interview. Results: The theoretical-methodology referential has found in following categories: 1) identity in old age: person, sociability and labor, 2) identity and active ageing. Discussion: The analyses of the data comprised three distinct phases: organizing and structuring of data, classification and interpretation of data. Conclusion: The challenge of the XXI century is to ensure the active and dignified ageing of the population, it seeks a society for all ages, so that older people have a participation in social life, to fight the determinants that compromise the active aging

The influence of intense intermitent versus moderate continuous exercise on postprandial lipemia

INTRODUCTION: Postprandial lipemia is characterized by an increased concentration of circulating lipids after fat intake and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exercise is known to reduce postprandial lipemia and its negative clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of intense intermittent versus moderate continuous exercise using the same energy expenditure in postprandial lipemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty healthy men (aged 21.5 + 3.5 years) performed a random sequence of either rest or 500 Kcal tests separated by a minimum 48 h interval as follows: (a) no exercise (control), (b) intense intermittent exercise, or (c) moderate continuous exercise. Each test series was completed 30 min before ingestion of a high-fat meal (1 g fat/kg). Venous blood was collected before and at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after the high-fat meal. Postprandial lipemia was assessed using the area under the curve approach as well as a kinetic profile of mean lipid variables. Statistical significance was tested at the p<0.05 level. RESULTS: With both statistical approaches, intense intermittent and moderate continuous exercises were both effective in reducing postprandial triglycerides; however, only intense intermittent exercise reduced the levels of postprandial very low density lipoprotein. Intense intermittent and continuous exercise produced lower levels of insulinemia using the area under the curve analysis only. CONCLUSION: Intense intermittent or continuous exercise with an energy expenditure of 500 kcal completed 30 min before ingestion of high-fat meal reduced postprandial lipid levels to different levels in physically active men. Understanding these relevant differences will enable clinicians to provide the best exercise prescription for patients

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of itraconazole oral solution for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in AIDS patients

This study was a non-comparative multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of itraconazole oral solution 200 mg/day (100 mg twice a day in the fasting state) for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in AIDS patients. We included 50 patients who were treated and followed for up to 3 weeks after ending therapy in the analysis. Mycological cures at the end of therapy occurred in 20/50 patients (40%), but colonization by Candida sp. was recorded in 42/50 (84%) by the end of follow-up. A high rate of clinical response was observed in 46/50 (92%), and the response was sustained for up to 21 days after stopping therapy in 24/46 patients (52%). Clinical relapses were documented among 22 patients, but all causative fungal organisms associated with a relapse were susceptible to itraconazole. There were many patients with persistence or recurrence of Candida, but without mucositis. Relapse of Candida mucositis was significantly related to low levels of CD4 lymphocytes exhibited by symptomatic patients. The drug was well tolerated by all but 1 patient. We conclude that itraconazole oral solution (100 mg bid for 7-14 days) is a well tolerated and effective treatment for suppressing the symptoms of oropharyngeal candidiasis in AIDS patients. Patients with severe immunosuppression may relapse and require frequent cycles of treatment or longterm suppressive therapy.Federal University of Paraná Clinical HospitalAliança HospitalFederal University of São Paulo DIPA Special Mycology LaboratoryJanssen-Cilag Farmacêutica do BrasilUNIFESP, DIPA Special Mycology LaboratorySciEL

Reestruturação produtiva e genero : um estudo de caso em duas empresas de linha branca

Orientador: Leda Maria Caira GitahyTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de GeocienciasResumo: Esta tese discute os efeitos da reestruturação produtiva para o trabalho de homens e mulheres por meio de um estudo de caso em duas empresas de eletrodomésticos de linha branca, localizadas no interior de São Paulo. A opção metodológica foi a combinação da pesquisa qualitativa interpretativa com a quantitativa, permitindo tanto a análise dos conteúdos dos depoimentos quanto da tabulação cruzada das respostas quantificáveis. A investigação contou com cento e oitenta e três participantes que responderam a um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada com questões abertas e fechadas. Na década de 1990, o setor de linha branca se internacionalizou e passou por intensas transformações, entre as quais destacamos a introdução de inovações tecnológicas e organizacionais que afetaram o trabalho no conjunto do setor e nas plantas pesquisadas. Percebemos uma redução significativa dos postos de trabalho e dos salários, a elevação das exigências mínimas de escolaridade para contratação e permanência no emprego, bem como a necessidade de formação continuada por meio de cursos e treinamentos. O aumento da produtividade, a redução de empregos e as condições inadequadas de trabalho acarretaram uma intensificação do trabalho que provocou impactos sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores, percebida pelo elevado número de casos de doenças ocupacionais. A pesquisa revelou que esses impactos da reestruturação produtiva das empresas estudadas não ocorreram de forma homogênea para homens e mulheres. Tais diferenças puderam ser associadas à divisão sexual do trabalho (produtivo e reprodutivo) mantida, sobretudo, por representações de gênero que associam a mulher ao espaço privado, à delicadeza e fragilidade e, os homens, ao espaço público, ao provimento familiar e ao trabalho pesado. Verificou-se ainda que, se por um lado, as mudanças tecnológicas e organizacionais contribuíram para ampliar os espaços de atuação das mulheres com nível de instrução superior em cargos de comando antes considerados como redutos masculinos, por outro, ajudaram a manter e ampliar a segregação horizontal e vertical das mulheres do chão de fábrica que permaneceram concentradas em ocupações de menor remuneração, pouca mobilidade de carreira e cujas atividades privilegiam atributos como a resistência à monotonia, a destreza manual e a paciênciaAbstract: This thesis discusses the effects of productive restructuring for the labor of both men and women in two white goods firms located in the interior of Sao Paulo State. The methodological option was the combination of both the interpretive qualitative and quantitative survey, thus, allowing both, the analysis of witnesses of contents and the crossed tabulation of quantifiable answers. This investigation gathered one hundred and eighty-three participants that answered a follow-up of semi-structured interviews with open and closed questions. In the decade of 1990 the white goods sector became international and went through severe transformations, among which we remark the introduction of technological and organizational innovations that affected the labor in the sector and in the surveyed plants. It was possible to perceive a significant reduction of posts and salaries, the requisites of minimum education, permanency in the job as well as the necessity of continual formation through training courses. The increase of productivity, the job reduction and the inadequate working conditions brought about an intensification of labor that provoked impacts upon the laborers' health. This was perceived by the large number of work diseases. The survey revealed that those impacts of productive restructuring of the analyzed firms did not occur in a homogeneous way for both men and women. Such differences could be associated to the gender division of labor ¿ both, productive and reproductive ¿ maintained, above all, by representations of gender that associate female members to private jobs, to delicacy and fragility and, to male members to the government jobs, to supporting the family and to heavy labor. It was verified that if, on one hand, the technological and organizational changes contributed to enlarge the female labor opportunities, that were considered as exclusively for men, on the other hand, they helped maintain and enlarge both the vertical and horizontal female segregation from the factories environment. Women remained concentrated in low waged jobs, with little or no progress in the firms, and an intense drive to boredom, manual ability and a great deal of patienceDoutoradoDoutor em Política Científica e Tecnológic

Tecnologia e o ensino de Inglês: o uso de ferramentas digitais em sala de aula

Focusing on English teaching and the use of digital technology in this process during elementary school II, this course conclusion paper presents five didactic sequences developed during the Specialization Course in Digital Technologies and Education 3.0. The didactic sequences, each one using a different digital tool for English teaching, also brings alternatives in case the use of the indicated digital tool is not possible. The didactic sequences were produced in accordance to the guidelines of the Common National Base Curriculum (2018), which aims the understanding and the use of digital technologies in a critical and ethical way, and also in accordance to the specialization course proposal, which is the presentation of new education concepts and the development of solutions to the challenges faced in the classrooms, all considering that digital technology increasingly assumes an important role in our society.Com foco no ensino de Inglês e no uso da tecnologia digital neste processo durante o ensino fundamental II, o presente trabalho de conclusão de curso apresenta cinco sequências didáticas desenvolvidas durante o Curso de Especialização em Tecnologias Digitais e Educação 3.0. Cada sequência didática, além de uma diferente ferramenta digital para o ensino do Inglês, traz também alternativas caso o uso do recurso digital indicado não seja possível. As sequências didáticas foram produzidas de acordo com as orientações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (2018), que visa a compreensão e utilização de tecnologias digitais de forma crítica e ética, e também de acordo com a proposta do curso de especialização, que é a apresentação de novos conceitos da educação e o desenvolvimento de soluções para os desafios enfrentados nas salas de aula, tudo isso considerando que a tecnologia digital assume cada vez mais um importante papel em nossa sociedade

Emergencias en traumatismos bucales: Una necesidad curricular para el docente de educación preescolar e integral

The fast intervention of the people who are with a child at the time of undergoing a bucco facial traumatism can be determined by the resolution of the damages that can have undergone. In the school environment the children’s closest person is the teacher. The objetive was to determine the necessity to make a proposal of a curricular unit directed to the qualification in the attention of emergencies involving oral traumatisms in the curriculum of preschool and integral school education of the Pedagogical Institute of Maracay. Participants were 105 students on the ninth semester and 25 professors was made of the specialties of preschool and integral education. Two closed questions questionnaires were used to gather the data. 3.72% of the students do not know about how to handle emergencies involving oral traumatisms. 90% of the teachers do not know how to manage during an emergency where an oral traumatism occurs. Also, 100% of the teachers expressed the need to incorporate a curricular unit in the pensum of studies that enable future teachers on the topic. It is necessary to make a proposal of a curricular unit to let future teachers to develop the skills for dealing with emergencies involving oral traumatisms.La intervención de las personas que se encuentran con un niño al momento de sufrir un traumatismo bucofacial, puede ser determinante para la resolución de los daños que éste pueda haber sufrido. En el ambiente escolar la persona más cercana es el docente. Determinar la necesidad de realizar una propuesta de una unidad curricular dirigida a la capacitación en la atención de emergencias en traumatismos bucales en el plan de estudios de educación preescolar e integral del Instituto Pedagógico de Maracay. Se realizó un estudio con una población de 105 estudiantes del noveno semestre y 25 profesores de las especialidades educación preescolar e integral. Para la obtención de los datos se utilizaron dos cuestionarios dicotómicos de preguntas cerradas. 73,72% de los estudiantes no tiene conocimientos relacionados al manejo de emergencias en traumatismos bucales. El 90% de los docentes desconoce el manejo de emergencia al momento de presentarse un traumatismo bucal. Así mismo, el 100% de los docentes manifestaron la necesidad de incorporar una unidad curricular en el pensum de  estudios que capacite a los educadores en es área. Es necesario realizar una propuesta de unidad curricular que permita la capacitación de los educadores en el manejo de emergencias en traumatismos bucales

ENVELHECIMENTO E VELHICES: HETEROGENEIDADE NO TEMPO DO CAPITAL

Neste ensaio teórico utiliza-se a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental a fimde se apreender o processo e envelhecimento e velhice e sua heterogeneidade, situada em uma sociedade capitalista, onde a produção e reprodução da vida social é marcada por complexos contraditórios. Ressalta-se que o processo de envelhecimento se dá por toda a vida, do nascimento até a morte e a velhice é tida como a fase final da vida, fase esta repleta de mitos e preconceitos. Neste ensaio, utiliza-se o termo velho desconsiderando seu sentido pejorativo muito em voga em uma sociedade mercantil e excludente, onde há um processo constante de fetichização e coisificação da vida humana em seus diversostempos. Considerando o velho em sua totalidade social é possível percebê-lo enquanto heterogêneo, o processo de envelhecimento e a velhice não podem ser analisados apenas por fatores cronológicos e biológicos, muitos outros aspectos da vida social devem ser considerados, pois incidem diretamente na forma de se analisar esta velhice, tratandose de uma construção social complexa, heterogênea e multifacetada não passível de homogeneização

Uma oficina de novidades : a implantação de núcleos urbanos na capitania de São Paulo, 1765-1775

Este trabalho apresenta parte dos resultados da tese de doutorado Método e Arte: criação urbana e organização territorial na capitania de São Paulo, 1765-1811, desenvolvida na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, com apoio de bolsa da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo.Este artigo acompanha algumas dinâmicas de implantação de núcleos urbanos na capitania de São Paulo durante a administração do governador e capitão-general Morgado de Mateus (1765-1775). Destacam-se momentos significativos do processo de formação de paisagens urbanas, desde o recrutamento de povoadores e a busca de sítios até a definição dos traçados. A intenção é mostrar que a Coroa portuguesa foi tentando organizar determinados modos de conduzir a expansão urbana, ao passo que experiências e circunstâncias locais constantemente exigiram arranjos novos e específicos. A análise fundamenta-se numa seleção da documentação oficial já publicada e também em correspondência, em boa parte inédita, proveniente de agentes locais encarregados de tarefas ligadas ao povoamento. Procura-se tratar da política urbanizadora daquele período como um processo desenvolvido num contexto de conflitos mais do que como produto de um projeto pré-delineado por autoridades metropolitanas ou alheio a realidades do lugar. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis article investigates some of the dynamics associated with the establishment of urban nuclei in the captaincy of São Paulo during the administration of the Morgado de Mateus, governor and captain-general of the captaincy from 1765 to 1775. Several significant aspects about the formation process of urban landscapes stand out, from the recruitment of settlers and the search for suitable sites to the definition of urban layouts. The intention of this study is to show that the Portuguese crown made efforts to organize certain processes for conducting urban expansion, whilst local experience and circumstances continually demanded new and specific arrangements. The analysis is based on a selection of previously-published official documents, as well as mostly unpublished correspondence from local agents in charge of settlement-related tasks. The urbanization policy of the period is dealt with as a process that was executed in the context of conflicts, rather than as the product of a project pre-planned by metropolitan authorities or detached from the realities of the place at that time