Kopperatives Management und Nutzung verteilter Kookkurrenzgraphen

The property of terms to occur adjacently, or in close vicinity, in text corpora can be expressed by co-occurrence graphs. Such data structures proved to be useful tools to extract semantic information in natural language processing and information retrieval. Particularly when organisations and communities work collaboratively on joint documents and corpora, the corresponding co-occurrence graphs may grow prohibitively large to be handled on a single machine. Hence, methods are devised to cooperatively distribute and process co-occurrence graphs in peer-to-peer computing environments, whose performance shows a near-linear speed-up as compared to the capability of a single processor. Moreover, in each peer, a local co-occurrence graph is built from documents of the users attached to the peer and obtained from elsewhere. These local graphs are used to calculate text centroids from terms contained in them as unique document identifiers and as search keys in queries. They are also useful in reducing the amount of broadcast traffic. Routing and load imbalance of inter-peer traffic are reduced by bio-inspired algorithms designed to work with limited information available on peers locally or on their direct neighbours. Thus, routing paths directly leading to the final destinations are determined in most cases, and memory usage is balanced after a few message exchanges. To show that decentralised co-occurrence graphs can be employed as the basis of a fully integrated, decentralised search engine, a prototype working on the world wide web is built, implemented, and experimentally evaluated. This search engine uses text centroids to represent short word groups constituting queries as well as long texts in crawling the web for information and for matching queries with documents.Die Eigenschaft von Begriffen, in Textkorpora nebeneinander oder in unmittelbarer Nähe aufzutreten, wird üblicherweise durch Kookkurrenzgraphen modelliert. Derartige Strukturen haben sich als nützliche Werkzeuge zur Extraktion semantischer Informationen in der Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache und im Information Retrieval bewährt. Arbeiten Organisationen und Gemeinschaften gemeinsam an Dokumenten und Korpora, können die entsprechenden Kookkurrenzgraphen jedoch so groß werden, dass sie auf einer einzelnen Maschine nicht mehr verarbeitet werden können. Daher werden in der ARbeit zunächst Methoden entwickelt, um Kookkurrenzgraphen in Peer-to-Peer-Umgebun- gen kooperativ zu erstellen und zu verarbeiten. Diese Verarbeitungsumgebungen ermöglichen hierbei durch ihre Leistung eine nahezu lineare Beschleunigung im Vergleich zu den Fähigkeiten eines einzelnen Prozessors aufweist. Darüber hinaus wird durch das System für jeden Peer ein lokaler Kookkurrenzgraph verwaltet, der aus den Dokumenten der Benutzer, die dem Peer zugeordnet sind, und ggf. aus weiteren, interessanten Quellen erstellt wird. Diese lokalen Graphen werden verwendet, um Zentroide zu berechnen, die dann als einzelner Term eine Dokumentenkennung und als Suchschlüssel in Abfragen dient. Sie enthalten ferner nützliche Informationen, um den Umfang von Broadcasts zu verringern. Routing und Lastungleichgewichte zwischen den Peers werden durch biologisch inspirierte Algorithmen verbessert bzw. reduziert, die mit begrenzten Informationen von dem lokalen Peers bzw. seiner direkten Nachbarn arbeiten. Damit können in den meisten Fällen Routingpfade ermittelt werden, die auf optimalen Wegen zu den Endzielen führen; in Bezug auf die Speichernutzung kann hierdurch nach einigen wenigen Schritten einen Ausgleich erzielt werden. Es wird außerdem gezeigt, daß ein dezentralisierte verwalteter Kookkurrenzgraph als Grundlage für eine vollstän-dig integrierte, dezentrale Suchmaschine verwendet werden kann; ein Prototyp hierzu, der im heutigen World Wide Web funktioniert und verwendet werden kann, wird entworfen, implementiert und experimentell evaluiert. Diese Suchmaschine verwendet Textzentroide, um zu Suchanfragen und Nutzerinteressen passende Dokumente zu finden

ผลการศึกษาสมรรถนะการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบของนิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์

The objectives of this research were to: 1) compare the competencies in learning management using design thinking among pre-service teachers majoring in mathematics education at the Faculty of Education and Development Sciences before and after the experiment and 2) study the proficiency in lesson plan formulation using design thinking among pre-service teachers majoring in mathematics education at the Faculty of Education and Development Sciences. The research population consisted of 33 fourth-year pre-service teachers majoring in mathematics education at the Faculty of Education and Development Sciences at Kasetsart University during the academic year 2023. The research used two assessment forms: learning management competency using design thinking and lesson plan formulation proficiency using design thinking. The statistics used in the study include mean and standard deviation. The results of the research showed that. 1) Pre-service teachers majoring in mathematics education at the Faculty of Education and Development Sciences were more competent in learning management using design thinking after the experiment than before. The mean of competency after the experiment was 3.72, which was high, while the mean of competency before the experiment was 2.24, which was low. 2) Pre-service teachers majoring in mathematics education at the Faculty of Education and Development Sciences were highly proficient in lesson plan formulation using design thinking. The mean of proficiency after the experiment was 3.51การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) เปรียบเทียบสมรรถนะการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบของนิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์ก่อนทดลองและหลังทดลอง และ 2) ศึกษาความสามารถในการเขียนแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบของนิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์ ประชากรในการวิจัย คือ นิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา ชั้นปีที่ 4 ปีการศึกษา 2566 คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ จำนวน 33 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย 2 ฉบับประกอบด้วย 1) แบบประเมินสมรรถนะการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบและ 2) แบบประเมินความสามารถในการเขียนแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบ สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิจัยประกอบด้วย ค่าเฉลี่ยและส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ผลการวิจัยพบว่า นิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์มีสมรรถนะการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบของหลังทดลองสูงกว่าก่อนทดลอง โดยค่าเฉลี่ยหลังทดลอง เท่ากับ 3.72 อยู่ในระดับมาก ค่าเฉลี่ยก่อนทดลอง เท่ากับ 2.24 อยู่ในระดับน้อย นิสิตฝึกประสบการณ์วิชาชีพครูสาขาคณิตศาสตร์ศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์และพัฒนศาสตร์มีความสามารถในการเขียนแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้การคิดเชิงออกแบบอยู่ในระดับมาก โดยมีค่าเฉลี่ย เท่ากับ 3.5

How many tigers Panthera tigris are there in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand? An estimate using photographic capture-recapture sampling

We used capture-recapture analyses to estimate the density of a tiger Panthera tigris population in the tropical forests of Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, from photographic capture histories of 15 distinct individuals. The closure test results (z=0.39, P=0.65) provided some evidence in support of the demographic closure assumption. Fit of eight plausible closed models to the data indicated more support for model Mh, which incorporates individual heterogeneity in capture probabilities. This model generated an average capture probability p^=0.42 and an abundance estimate of N^(SE^[N^])=19 (9.65) tigers. The sampled area of Â(W)(SE^[Â(W)])=477.2 (58.24) km2 yielded a density estimate of D^(SE^)[D^])=3.98 (0.51) tigers per 100 km2. Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary could therefore hold 113 tigers and the entire Western Forest Complex c. 720 tigers. Although based on field protocols that constrained us to use sub-optimal analyses, this estimated tiger density is comparable to tiger densities in Indian reserves that support moderate prey abundances. However, tiger densities in well-protected Indian reserves with high prey abundances are three times higher. If given adequate protection we believe that the Western Forest Complex of Thailand could potentially harbour >2,000 wild tigers, highlighting its importance for global tiger conservation. The monitoring approaches we recommend here would be useful for managing this tiger population

Adolescent problematic internet use and parental mediation: a Bangladeshi structured interview study

Internet-related problems such as excessive internet use, problematic internet use (PIU), and internet addiction, are becoming increasingly studied among Bangladeshi adult students, but there has been little research among adolescents. In Bangladesh, there has been no research examining the role of parental mediation in their children's internet use. Therefore, the present structured interview study investigated Bangladeshi adolescent PIU and its associated socio-demographics, internet use behaviors, and the parental mediation role among 350 high school students residing in Dhaka. The results showed that 84 of adolescents (24.0%) were classified as having PIU (cut-off score of ≥ 50 on the Internet Addiction Test) and nine adolescents (2.6%) were classified as having a severe dependency on the internet (cut-off score of >80 on the Internet Addiction Test). According to hierarchical regression analysis, significant PIU correlates included lower academic results, both parents’ lower education, mother working outside the home, more than four days’ weekly internet use, more than two hours daily internet use, and active mediation. Additionally, internet use behaviors (i.e., internet use locations, devices, purposes, and applications) and parental internet mediation dimensions other than active mediation (i.e., restrictive mediation, active mediation internet safety, monitoring, and technical mediation) were significantly related to PIU in t-tests and correlation analysis respectively. However, they were non-significant in the hierarchical regression analysis when included into equation altogether. The present study's findings will be helpful in developing country-level policymaking decisions and facilitating future research in the country

Problematic internet use in Bangladeshi students: the role of socio-demographic factors, depression, anxiety, and stress

Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has become a concern for public mental health across the globe. However, there are few studies assessing PIU in Bangladesh. The present cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence rate of PIU and its associated risk factors among 405 university students in Bangladesh between June and July 2018. The measures included sociodemographic questions, internet and health-related variables, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The prevalence of PIU was 32.6% among the respondents (cut-off score of ≥50 on the IAT). The prevalence of PIU was higher in males in comparison to females, although the difference was not statistically significant. Internet-related variables and psychiatric comorbidities were positively associated with PIU. From the unadjusted model, more frequent use of the internet and more time spent on the internet were identified as strong predictors of PIU, whereas the adjusted model showed depressive symptoms and stress only as strong predictors of PIU. It is hoped this preliminary study will facilitate further study on PIU along with other psychiatric disorders in Bangladesh

Achara Simcharoen's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Achara Simcharoen's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity