4,717 research outputs found

    Glândulas de óleo no gênero neotropical Dahlstedtia Malme - Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae

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    Dahlstedtia pentaphylla (Taub.) Burkart and D. pinnata (Benth.) Malme belong to the Millettieae tribe and are tropical leguminous trees that produce a strong and unpleasant odour. In the present work, we investigated the distribution, development and histochemistry of foliar and floral secretory cavities that could potentially be related to this odour. The ultrastructure of foliar secretory cavities were also studied and compared with histochemical data. These data were compared with observations recorded for other species of Millettieae in order to gain a phylogenetic and taxonomic perspective. Foliar secretory cavities were only recorded for D. pentaphylla. Floral secretory cavities were present in the calyx, wings and keels in both species; in D. pinnata they also were found in bracteoles and vexillum. Such structures were found to originate through a schizogenous process. Epithelial cells revealed a large amount of flattened smooth endoplasmic reticula, well-developed dictyosomes and vacuoles containing myelin-like structures. Cavity lumen secretion stains strongly for lipids. Features of the secretory cavities studied through ultrastructural and histochemical procedures identify these structures as oil glands. Thus, if the odour produced by such plants has any connection with the accumulation of rotenone, as other species belonging to the "timbó" complex, the lipophilic contents of the secretory cavities of Dahlstedtia species take no part in such odour production. The presence, distribution patterns and frequencies of secretory structures in Dahlstedtia are taxonomically significant and may be utilized as a diagnostic character which justifies the separation of this genus into two species.Dahlstedtia pentaphylla (Taub.) Burkart e D. pinnata (Benth.) Malme pertencem à tribo Millettieae e apresentam representantes arbóreos que produzem um odor forte e desagradável. Neste trabalho, foram investigados a distribuição, o desenvolvimento e a histoquímica de cavidades secretoras foliares e florais, que poderiam estar relacionadas a este odor. A ultra-estrutura das cavidades secretoras foliares também foi estudada e comparada aos resultados histoquímicos. Estes dados foram comparados a outros obtidos para espécies de Millettieae e discutidos sob perspectivas filogenética e taxonômica. Cavidades secretoras foliares foram observadas somente em D. pentaphylla. Cavidades secretoras florais foram observadas no cálice, nas alas e quilhas de ambas as espécies; em D. pinnata também foram encontradas nas bractéolas e no estandarte. As cavidades originaram-se por processo esquizógeno. As células do epitélio secretor apresentaram uma grande quantidade de retículo endoplasmático liso tubuloso, dictiossomos bem desenvolvidos e muitos vacúolos contendo figuras de mielina. A secreção presente no lúmen da cavidade é constituída por óleo, conforme indicam os caracteres histoquímicos e ultra-estruturais. Desta forma, o conteúdo das cavidades de Dahlstedtia não é responsável pelo odor forte e desagradável exalado pelas plantas, já que este está associado ao acúmulo de rotenona, comum em espécies pertencentes ao complexo "timbó". A ocorrência, o padrão de distribuição e a freqüência das cavidades secretoras apresentam valor taxonômico e podem ser utilizados como caracteres diagnósticos, justificando a separação das duas espécies no gênero

    Validation by Measurements of a IC Modeling Approach for SiP Applications

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    The growing importance of signal integrity (SI) analysis in integrated circuits (ICs), revealed by modern systemin-package methods, is demanding for new models for the IC sub-systems which are both accurate, efficient and extractable by simple measurement procedures. This paper presents the contribution for the establishment of an integrated IC modeling approach whose performance is assessed by direct comparison with the signals measured in laboratory of two distinct memory IC devices. Based on the identification of the main blocks of a typical IC device, the modeling approach consists of a network of system-level sub-models, some of which with already demonstrated accuracy, which simulated the IC interfacing behavior. Emphasis is given to the procedures that were developed to validate by means of laboratory measurements (and not by comparison with circuit-level simulations) the model performance, which is a novel and important aspect that should be considered in the design of IC models that are useful for SI analysi

    Influência de múltiplas escalas de variação do meio físico nas comunidades de macroinvertebrados

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    Permanecem pouco testadas e compreendidas as relações entre as características ambientais para múltiplas escalas e o modo como estas influenciam os organismos aquáticos. A heterogeneidade de 4 Tipos de rio (grupos de corpos de água com características geográficas e hidrológicas relativamente homogéneas definidos no âmbito da aplicação da Directiva Quadro da Água – DQA, no seu Anexo II), foi analisada de forma a verificar se essa diversidade se reflectia na distribuição e abundância de macroinvertebrados ao longo de múltiplas escalas espaciais (da bacia ao habitat). Para esta análise, foram colhidas um total de 135 amostras num único período (início do Verão de 2006) e divididas por 15 locais distribuídos por 7 rios sites (4 bacias hidrográficas). Por cada amostra, foi medida a granulometria do substrato, o desvio padrão do substrato, velocidade da corrente, profundidade da massa de água, distância à margem, percentagem de cobertura de macrófitos e parâmetros físico-químicos. A níveis hierárquicos superiores foram ainda avaliados os índices hidromorfológicos HABFLU (Índice de Habitat Fluvial) criado no âmbito da DQA, e os índices que resultam da aplicação do River Habitat Survey (RHS) desenvolvido para o Reino Unido, nomeadamente os índices HQA e HMS. Foram ainda determinadas as condições ecológicas dos diferentes locais de estudo dado possuírem diferentes gradientes de perturbação humana. Recorrendo à análise multivariada apurou-se a percentagem de explicação de cada uma das escalas espaciais de análise

    A INFLUÊNCIA DO APEGO NA RECOMENDAÇÃO DE UMA IES NA ÓTICA DE ALUNOS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA FEDERAL NO BRASIL

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    Apego emocional e a recomendação da marca são dois assuntos explorados no marketing, entretanto, poucos trabalhos buscaram medir esta relação, em especial no contexto educacional. Buscando suprir esta carência, o presente artigo buscou analisar a influência do apego por uma instituição de ensino superior pública na recomendação dela por parte dos alunos. Para tanto, realizou-se uma survey descritiva e quantitativa com a participação de 87 alunos de um curso superior de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil entre janeiro e abril de 2014. Os dados foram tabulados e tratados via equação estrutural, sendo que o resultado da modelagem, revelou haver uma forte influência do apego emocional na recomendação. Neste caso, conclui-se que o apego emocional é um forte componente para gerar a recomendação, mesmo em IES públicas federais

    Phytoplankton survey of “Barrinha”lagoon (Mira – Portugal)

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    This work reports a one year survey (October 2008 to October 2009) where limnology and plankton data from Barrinha lagoon (Mira-Portugal - 40° 27′ 22″ N, 8° 48′ 7″ W) were analyzed. This lagoon shows peculiar geochemical features being one of the few places in Portugal where the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea can be found. This study consisted on monthly collections of water samples, with identification and quantification of the planktonic communities found in the water. Physical-chemical parameters of the water were also analyzed (temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, nitrites, nitrates, ammonia) as well as organic and inorganic particles and bacteria in the water. The importance of plankton and of phytoplankton in particular is unquestionable; it is the base of the food chain, source of oxygen and can also be used as bio-indicator of water quality. A total of 75 taxa of plankton were identified in the water samples, being 71 of phytoplankton and 4 of zooplankton. The most abundant taxon was Chlorophyceae with 30 taxa (abundances vary from 25% to 75%), then by Bacillariophyceae with 20 taxa (abundances vary from 10% to 75%), followed by the Cryptophyceae represented dominantly by only one genus the Crypotmonas (abundances vary from 10% to 35%) and Cyanophyceae 10 taxa (which reach up a maximum of 7.5% of total abundances of phytoplankton). Among the zooplankton, that was always very scarce, the Protozoa were the main group found. In term of physical-chemical parameters of the water the data were quite uniform except in the end of summer, in this period the lagoon begins to show some signs of eutrophication: decay of nutrients concentration, organic and inorganic particles, followed by oxygen depletion, which favours a simple algae to growth (Cryptomonas) in detriment of all other species of plankton, that in this period reach its minimums. Escherischia coli, Enterococci and total aerobic mesophilic (TAM) microorganisms were indentified and quantified in the water, their abundances change throughout the year, their occurrence are human correlated and they give a good scenario about the water quality in the habitat

    Environmental drivers of benthic communities: the importance of landscape metrics

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    The distribution of aquatic communities is dependent on processes that act at multiplescales. This study comprised 270 samples distributed over 2 years and used a nested sampling design to estimate the variance associated with three spatial scales: basin, site and microhabitat. Habitat assessment was made using River Habitat Survey. The derived Habitat Quality Indices and the benthic composition were crossed with landscape metrics and types of soil use, obtained from GIS data, using multiple non-parametric regressions and distance-based redundancy analysis. Invertebrate variation was mainly linked with intermediate scale (site) and landscape metrics were the main drivers determining local characteristics. The aquatic community exhibited a stronger relationship with landscape metrics, especially patch size and shape complexity of the dominant uses, than with habitat quality, suggesting that instream habitat improvement is a short-term solution and that stream rehabilitation must address the influence of components at higher spatial scales

    Pharmacobotanical studies of wild indigo species (Indigofera suffruticosa and Indigofera truxillensis, Leguminosae,) with pharmacological properties

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    Indigofera suffruticosa e Indigofera truxillensis são espécies de Leguminosae que se destacam no gênero por suas propriedades farmacológicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer um controle de qualidade morfológico para as matérias-primas vegetais obtidas destas duas espécies, por meio de análises da superfície e organoléptica do pó foliolar e estudos anatômicos e histoquímicos dos folíolos, do caule e da raiz. A análise dos pós mostrou que a forma e ornamentação dos tricomas tectores são bons caracteres diagnósticos da matéria-prima pulverizada com partículas maiores que 53 µM, e que o odor em I. suffruticosa é forte e desagradável, com sabor fracamente amargo não persistente e em I. truxillensis é fraco e agradável e de sabor muito amargo e persistente. As espécies apresentaram estrutura anatômica de folíolos, entrenós caulinares e raízes laterais muito semelhantes; exceto pela epiderme papilosa em ambas as faces foliolares em I. truxillensis e apenas na face adaxial em I. suffruticosa. Compostos fenólicos foram detectados nos folíolos e alcalóides foram detectados nos caules e nas raízes (em maior quantidade nestas) de ambas as espécies. A presença de alcalóides nas raízes de I. suffruticosa e I. truxillensis é semelhante à observada em espécies de leguminosas ictiotóxicas incluídas no "complexo timbó", cujas raízes são tóxicas devido à presença de rotenóides.The Leguminosae genus Indigofera has two important pharmacological species, Indigofera suffruticosa and I. truxillensis. The present work aims to establish a morphological quality control for vegetal drugs obtained from these two species through the analyses of surface and organoleptic features in leaflet powder, and also through anatomical and histochemical studies in leaflet, shoot and root. Powder analyses evidenced that shape and ornamentation of the simple trichomes are good diagnostic characters for the sprayed drug, with particles bigger than 53 µm; moreover, odor was strong and awkward, with non-persistent, weakly bitter taste in I. suffruticosa, and weak and pleasant, with more persistent, bitter taste in I. truxillensis. Similar anatomical structures were found in leaflets, cauline internodes and lateral roots in both species, except for papillose epidermic cells that occurred in both leaflet sides in I. truxillensis, and only on the adaxial side in I. suffruticosa. Phenolic compounds were found in leaflets, and alkaloids in shoots and roots (greater amount) of both studied species. The occurrence of alkaloids in roots of I. suffruticosa and I. truxillensis seems to be similar to that observed in ichthyotoxic legume species that belong to the so-called "timbó complex", whose roots are toxic due to rotenoids.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)USP - Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica do Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos - FMR

    Controle on-line da taxa média de defeitos por item produzido numa produção finita

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    Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem para monitoramento da taxa média de defeitos por item produzido numa produção finita ou encomenda de N itens. A cada ciclo de m itens produzidos, inspecionam-se os últimos r itens. Em cada item inspecionado conta-se o número de defeitos e cada item é classificado como aprovado se o número de defeitos satisfizer o critério do limite de controle. Se todos os r itens forem aprovados, a produção continua, caso contrário interrompe-se a produção à procura de causas especiais. Os itens inspecionados são descartados somente quando há parada no processo. Após a produção de N itens, um lote adicional será produzido para completar a quantia encomendada, mas esses não passarão por inspeção. Será utilizada uma cadeia de Markov finita de estados discretos para determinar as probabilidades de mudança de estado. Elas são utilizadas nas expressões de custo para determinar a estratégia ótima de monitoração, que será obtida através da otimização de três parâmetros: intervalo amostral (m), tamanho da amostra retrospectiva (r) e o limite de controle (LC). Os parâmetros serão obtidos através de busca direta, de forma que se minimize a expressão do custo médio por item produzido. Um exemplo numérico ilustra a propostaThis paper proposes an approach for monitoring the average number of non-conformities per items in short-run productions of N items. After every m produced items, the last r items are inspected. For each inspected item, the number of defects is counted; each inspected item is classified as approved if it meets the control limit criterion. If all r inspected items are approved, then the production goes on, otherwise it is stopped for adjustment. The inspected items are all discarded in case of production stoppage. After a production of N items, an additional lot is produced to complete the size ordered, but this additional lot does suffer inspection. A finite discrete state Markov chain is used to determine the transitory probabilities, which will be considered in terms of cost, to determine the optimal strategy for monitoring, obtained by optimizing three parameters: sampling interval (m), retrospective sample size (r), and control limit (cl). These parameters are obtained computationally by direct search to minimize the expression of the average cost per item produced. A numerical example illustrates the proposa

    Dentistry and food safety – the oral health of food handlers at a public hospital in the city of Belém, Pará

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    Objective: This research evaluated the oral health of 40 food handlers in the Nutrition and Diet Unit of a public hospital in Belém-Pará. Methods: Interview and intra-oral examination of the subjects.Results: The results showed a high prevalence of tooth decay and periodontal disease, in addition to a low level of education and motivation as regards oral health care in the studied sample.Conclusion: The authors concluded that oral health care and education should be included in publications for and training of food handlers,since oral health promotion would benefit these workers directly, by increasing their quality of life, and indirectly benefit the entirecommunity that consumes the food prepared by them. The results and conclusions of this work should encourage the development of oralhealth care promotion programmers as regards this particular group of employees, the food handlers

    THE DISCUSSION ABOUT MANAGEMENT BY COMPETENCES IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS

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    In world of work there are many transformations associate with person and performance. In this scenario, the discussion about competences is useful, specially in the human resources practices adopted in the public sector. So, this research wanted to investigated, considering a review of literature and interviews with publics managers, how are the articulation between these subjects. Some results demonstrated that the way to implementation is beginning, however, the trajectory is long and with big difficulties such as culture and another vision and the necessity a new human resources practices implementation
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