Rolle der bakteriellen Serinprotease HtrA bei der aviären Kolonisierung durch Campylobacter jejuni

Das gram-negative Bakterium Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) ist Hauptverursacher der bakteriellen Enteritis und wird hauptsächlich durch den Verzehr von kontaminiertem Geflügelfleisch, aber auch durch Milchprodukte und kontaminiertes Wasser auf den Menschen übertragen. Während einer dadurch verursachten Campylobacteriose können Symptome wie starke abdominale Schmerzen und Krämpfe, wässrige bis blutige Diarrhoe sowie hohes Fieber auftreten. Eine solche Infektion verläuft zumeist selbstlimitierend. In wenigen Fällen können Folgeerkrankungen wie die reaktive Arthritis oder das Guillain-Barré-Syndrom auftreten, welches eine vorrübergehende und partielle Paralyse umfasst. Im Gegensatz zum Menschen verursacht C. jejuni im aviären Organismus wie Hühner oder Puten keine bis nur geringe Symptome einer Campylobacteriose und besiedelt diese als Kommensaler. Da bisher nicht ausreichend geklärt werden konnte, welche Faktoren für diese Diskrepanz zwischen den verschiedenen Wirten verantwortlich sind, stand in dieser Arbeit die Serinprotease und das Chaperon HtrA aus C. jejuni zwecks dieser Fragestellung im Fokus. Diese erwies sich in früheren Studien als essentiell für die Adhäsion und Invasion in humane Darmepithelzellen und für die parazelluläre Transmigration durch die Spaltung des humanen Adherens Junction-Protein E-Cadherin. Diese Arbeit zeigte eine gesteigerte Adhäsion des C. jejuni NCTC11168-Wildtyps an die aviären intestinalen Epithel-Zelllinien 2G4 und 8E11 im Vergleich zu humanen Caco-2-Zellen. Gleichzeitig war die Invasionsrate reduziert. Ferner konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass HtrA an der Invasion und Adhäsion auch im aviären Zellmodell maßgeblich beteiligt ist. Dabei stellten sich die Proteaseaktivität und das RGD-Motiv von HtrA als besonders wichtig heraus, wohingegen die Chaperonaktivität nur eine untergeordnete Rolle spielte. Neben der Beteiligung an der Invasion und Adhärenz wurde zusätzlich durch in-vivo-Spaltungs-Assays das Vermögen von HtrA untersucht E-Cadherin aus dem Huhn zu spalten. Hierbei konnte erstmals gezeigt werden, dass eine solche Spaltung in der Tat möglich ist und dabei Fragmente entstehen, die sich in Anzahl und Größe von denen einer Spaltung humanen E-Cadherins unterscheiden. Aus den Ergebnissen der vorliegenden Dissertation lässt sich somit schlussfolgern, dass HtrA nicht der bestimmende Faktor bei der Immunität von Geflügel gegenüber einer Campylobacteriose ist und es weiterer Forschungsarbeit bedarf, um dieses Phänomen vollständig aufzuklären

A Framework for Coxeter Spectral Classification of Finite Posets and Their Mesh Geometries of Roots

Following our paper [Linear Algebra Appl. 433(2010), 699–717], we present a framework and computational tools for the Coxeter spectral classification of finite posets J≡(J,⪯). One of the main motivations for the study is an application of matrix representations of posets in representation theory explained by Drozd [Funct. Anal. Appl. 8(1974), 219–225]. We are mainly interested in a Coxeter spectral classification of posets J such that the symmetric Gram matrix GJ:=(1/2)[CJ+CJtr]∈J(ℚ) is positive semidefinite, where CJ∈J(ℤ) is the incidence matrix of J. Following the idea of Drozd mentioned earlier, we associate to J its Coxeter matrix CoxJ:=-CJ·CJ-tr, its Coxeter spectrum speccJ, a Coxeter polynomial coxJ(t)∈ℤ[t], and a Coxeter number  cJ. In case GJ is positive semi-definite, we also associate to J a reduced Coxeter number   čJ, and the defect homomorphism ∂J:ℤJ→ℤ. In this case, the Coxeter spectrum speccJ is a subset of the unit circle and consists of roots of unity. In case GJ is positive semi-definite of corank one, we relate the Coxeter spectral properties of the posets J with the Coxeter spectral properties of a simply laced Euclidean diagram DJ∈{̃n,̃6,̃7,̃8} associated with J. Our aim of the Coxeter spectral analysis of such posets J is to answer the question when the Coxeter type CtypeJ:=(speccJ,cJ,  čJ) of J determines its incidence matrix CJ (and, hence, the poset J) uniquely, up to a ℤ-congruency. In connection with this question, we also discuss the problem studied by Horn and Sergeichuk [Linear Algebra Appl. 389(2004), 347–353], if for any ℤ-invertible matrix A∈n(ℤ), there is B∈n(ℤ) such that Atr=Btr·A·B and B2=E is the identity matrix

Effect of Bulk Capacitor on Harmonics of Energy-Efficient Devices

Funding Information: This work was supported in part by Estonian Research Council via Projects PRG2055, and in part by the Project \u2018\u2018Increasing the Knowledge Intensity of Ida-Viru Entrepreneurship\u2019\u2019 co-funded by European Union under Grant 2021-2027.6.01.23-0034. Publisher Copyright: © 2013 IEEE.This paper develops analytical expressions to describe the behavior of harmonic components in rectifier circuits. It examines how harmonic content in the supply voltage influences the harmonic currents drawn by energy-efficient loads. By analyzing these interactions, the study provides insights into circuits integrating single-phase AC/DC converters, such as LED lamps. The findings emphasize the interdependence between harmonic phase angles and their impact on load current harmonics, which is essential for understanding supply voltage distortions and their effects on electrical loads. The assumptions established in this study support the development of more accurate models for characterizing load harmonic currents, enhancing the predictive capabilities of harmonic estimation methods. Furthermore, the proposed computational approach determines key rectifier performance parameters, including peak voltage across the bulk capacitor and the peak time relationship with harmonic components of the voltage waveform. These insights provide a deeper understanding of rectifier circuit behavior under distorted supply conditions, demonstrating the quantifiable impact of harmonic phase angles on rectifier capacitor dynamics offering practical implications for harmonic analysis, and performance optimization. The analytical framework developed here enables a more precise characterization of peak voltage timing and magnitude, which is critical for evaluating rectifier operation under various harmonic conditions.publishersversionpublishe

Concert recording 2022-11-08

[Track 1]. Beau soir / Claude Debussy -- The lass from the Low Countree / John Jacob Niles – [Track 2]. Into the night / Clara Edwards -- [Track 3]. An Silvia / Franz Schubert -- [Track 4]. Se tu m’ami, se sospiri / Alessandro Parisotti -- [Track 5]. Erlafsee / Franz Schubert -- [Track 6]. Vittoria, mio core / Giacomo Carissimi -- [Track 7]. Aufenthalt / Franz Schubert -- [Track 8]. Amarilli, mia bella / Giulio Caccini -- [Track 9]. There’s a Fine, Fine Line, from Avenue Q / Robert Lopez and Jeff Marx -- [Track 10]. Go, lovely rose / Roger Quilter -- [Track 11]. Vagabond / Ralph Vaughan Williams -- [Track 12]. Sebben, crudele / Antonio Caldara -- [Track 13]. Love’s philosophy / Roger Quilter (1877–1953) -- [Track 14]. Perla gloria / Giovanni Bononcini -- [Track 15]. Money, O! / Michael Head -- [Track 16]. Lasciate mi morire / Claudio Monteverdi -- Across the western ocean / Arr. Celius Dougherty -- [Track 17]. Perduta ho la Speranza / Stefano Donaudy -- [Track 18]. Lonley House from Street Scene / Kurt Weill -- [Track 19]. Preghiera / Paolo Tosti -- [Track 20]. Allerseelen / Richard Strauss -- [Track 21]. Im wunderschönen Monat Mai / Robert Schumann -- [Track 22]. Una furtiva lagrima from L’elisir d’amore / Gaetano Donizetti -- [Track 23]. V’adoro, pupille, from Giulio Cesare / George Handel -- [Track 24]. Sympathy / Florence Price -- [Track 25]. The German U-boat captain / Gene Scheer -- [Track 26]. Eri tu che macchiavi, from Un Ballo in Maschera / Giuseppe Verdi

The Biomedical Entrepreneurship Skills Development Program for the Advancement of Research Translation: Foundations of Biomedical Startups course, metrics, and impact

Abstract Background/Objective: A growing number of biomedical doctoral graduates are entering the biotechnology and industry workforce, though most lack training in business practice. Entrepreneurs can benefit from venture creation and commercialization training that is largely absent from standard biomedical educational curricula. The NYU Biomedical Entrepreneurship Educational Program (BEEP) seeks to fill this training gap to prepare and motivate biomedical entrepreneurs to develop an entrepreneurial skill set, thus accelerating the pace of innovation in technology and business ventures. Methods: The NYU BEEP Model was developed and implemented with funding from NIDDK and NCATS. The program consists of a core introductory course, topic-based interdisciplinary workshops, venture challenges, on-line modules, and mentorship from experts. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of the core, introductory course, “Foundations of Biomedical Startups,” through the use of pre/post-course surveys and free-response answers. Results: After 2 years, 153 participants (26% doctoral students, 23% post-doctoral PhDs, 20% faculty, 16% research staff, 15% other) have completed the course. Evaluation data show self-assessed knowledge gain in all domains. The percentage of students rating themselves as either “competent” or “on the way to being an expert” in all areas was significantly higher post-course (P < 0.05). In each content area, the percentages of participants rating themselves as “very interested” increased post-course. 95% of those surveyed reported the course met its objectives, and 95% reported a higher likelihood of pursuing commercialization of discoveries post-course. Conclusion: NYU BEEP can serve as a model to develop similar curricula/programs to enhance entrepreneurial activity of early-stage researchers

Concert recording 2022-11-08

[Track 1]. Beau soir / Claude Debussy -- The lass from the Low Countree / John Jacob Niles – [Track 2]. Into the night / Clara Edwards -- [Track 3]. An Silvia / Franz Schubert -- [Track 4]. Se tu m’ami, se sospiri / Alessandro Parisotti -- [Track 5]. Erlafsee / Franz Schubert -- [Track 6]. Vittoria, mio core / Giacomo Carissimi -- [Track 7]. Aufenthalt / Franz Schubert -- [Track 8]. Amarilli, mia bella / Giulio Caccini -- [Track 9]. There’s a Fine, Fine Line, from Avenue Q / Robert Lopez and Jeff Marx -- [Track 10]. Go, lovely rose / Roger Quilter -- [Track 11]. Vagabond / Ralph Vaughan Williams -- [Track 12]. Sebben, crudele / Antonio Caldara -- [Track 13]. Love’s philosophy / Roger Quilter (1877–1953) -- [Track 14]. Perla gloria / Giovanni Bononcini -- [Track 15]. Money, O! / Michael Head -- [Track 16]. Lasciate mi morire / Claudio Monteverdi -- Across the western ocean / Arr. Celius Dougherty -- [Track 17]. Perduta ho la Speranza / Stefano Donaudy -- [Track 18]. Lonley House from Street Scene / Kurt Weill -- [Track 19]. Preghiera / Paolo Tosti -- [Track 20]. Allerseelen / Richard Strauss -- [Track 21]. Im wunderschönen Monat Mai / Robert Schumann -- [Track 22]. Una furtiva lagrima from L’elisir d’amore / Gaetano Donizetti -- [Track 23]. V’adoro, pupille, from Giulio Cesare / George Handel -- [Track 24]. Sympathy / Florence Price -- [Track 25]. The German U-boat captain / Gene Scheer -- [Track 26]. Eri tu che macchiavi, from Un Ballo in Maschera / Giuseppe Verdi

Teaching Access, or Freedom of Information Law

Based on the author\u27s experience developing and administering the course and materials, this article provides an introduction and resources to teach a graduate journalism or professional law school course on access to government, commonly called freedom of information law , which may be constructed as a capstone course in law school. The appendices provide supporting material and references