The Ground State of the ``Frozen'' Electron Phase in Two-Dimensional Narrow-Band Conductors with a Long-Range Interelectron Repulsion. Stripe Formation and Effective Lowering of Dimension

In narrow-band conductors a weakly screened Coulomb interelectron repulsion can supress narrow-band electrons' hopping, resulting in formation of a ``frozen'' electron phase which differs principally from any known macroscopic self-localized electron state including the Wigner crystal. In a zero-bandwidth limit the ``frozen'' electron phase is a classical lattice system with a long-range interparticle repulsion. The ground state of such systems has been considered in the case of two dimensions for an isotropic pair potential of the mutual particle repulsion. It has been shown that particle ordering into stripes and effective lowering of dimension universally resides in the ground state for any physically reasonable pair potential and for any geometry of the conductor lattice. On the basis of this fact a rigorous general procedure to fully describe the ground state has been formulated. Arguments have been adduced that charge ordering in High-T_c superconductors testifies to presence of a ``frozen'' electron phase in these systems.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX 2.09, 1 figure in external PostScript files. To appear in Phys.Rev B Rapid Communication

Designing Legal Language in Strengthening: The Degree of Legal Certainty

This work is aimed at visualizing the importance of legal language in guaranteeing legal certainty that may minimize as well as eliminate the differences of interpretation among of legal drafters, legislators, other legal officers in order to create justice for all. In practice, those differences root at three core problems: (i) inability of legal drafters or legislators in formulating rules into appropriate legal language; (ii) the weaknesses of legal officers interpreting the legal language; and (iii) the lack of knowledge of society in understanding the legal language. For that reason, this work will elaborate and discuss the way to design, to formulate and to function the norms and mechanism of  legal language that can strengthen the degree of  legal certainty. In this context, it emphasizes the importance of several core elements that can guarantee the legal certainty that are characteristics and standard guidance in utilizing the legal language. In detail, those characteristics can seen at its clarity and its consistency. At the end, this work will show the standard and steps in designing and formulating and using the legal language that may strengthen the degree of legal certainty, which in turn to create justice for all. Keywords: legal  language , legal certainty, the law, justice,  legal elements DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/81-1

Designing Legal Language in Strengthening: The Degree of Legal Certainty

This work is aimed at visualizing the importance of legal language in guaranteeing legal certainty that may minimize as well as eliminate the differences of interpretation among of legal drafters, legislators, other legal officers in order to create justice for all. In practice, those differences root at three core problems: (i) inability of legal drafters or legislators in formulating rules into appropriate legal language; (ii) the weaknesses of legal officers interpreting the legal language; and (iii) the lack of knowledge of society in understanding the legal language. For that reason, this work will elaborate and discuss the way to design, to formulate and to function the norms and mechanism of  legal language that can strengthen the degree of  legal certainty. In this context, it emphasizes the importance of several core elements that can guarantee the legal certainty that are characteristics and standard guidance in utilizing the legal language. In detail, those characteristics can seen at its clarity and its consistency. At the end, this work will show the standard and steps in designing and formulating and using the legal language that may strengthen the degree of legal certainty, which in turn to create justice for all. Keywords: legal  language , legal certainty, the law, justice,  legal elements DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/81-1

Az orvosnői hivatás magatartástudományi vizsgálata = Behavioural sciences perspective of the medical profession by female physicians

Jelen tanulmányunk folytatni kívánja azt a 16 évvel ezelőtt készült munkát, amely a magyar­országi orvosok/orvosnők egészségi állapotát, életminőségét tárta fel. A kiugróan rossz mortalitási és morbiditási mutatók hátterében akkor az egyenlőtlen terhelés, a mozgásszegény életmód és a kedvezőtlen életkörülmények szerepeltek magyarázó változóként. 2001 tavaszán 72 orvosnővel készítettünk életút-interjút, és vettünk fel az egészségi állapotukra vonatkozó kérdőívet. Vizsgálatunk legfőbb célja az volt, hogy feltérképezzük az orvosnők hivatásbeli és családi terheinek alakulását, megvizsgáljuk  az  egészségügyi problémákat, a  szerepkonfliktusokat, illetve ezek megoldási kísérleteit.  Kutatásunk az életút számos fontos elemét igyekezett megvizsgálni: a pályaválasztás, szakválasztás kérdésétől a munkahelyeken át a család és az anyaság kérdéséig.  Munkánk ugyanakkor előtanulmánynak tekinthető, amely későbbi egészségi állapottal és szerepkonfliktussal kapcsolatos országos vizsgálat alapjául szolgálhat

Fikih Journalistic Principles: Deepening Students' Understanding as a Foundation for Social Media Ethics

Interaction on social media among students has positive and negative impacts, including increasing plagiarism and teenagers becoming anti-social. This article outlines the procedure and instructional strategy for teaching new students at the State Polytechnic of Malang the journalistic fiqh rules. This research results from field research—analysis of research data from interviews, observations and documentation with the reduction stages, display and verification. Journalistic jurisprudence, as the ethical basis for Malang Polytechnic students, carries a universal principle, namely that in social media, one should maintain ethics by not spreading slander, not provoking, not promoting pornography, not gossiping and not using social media to sell prohibited items

PENGARUH METODE SQ4R (SURVEY, QUESTION, READ, REFLECT, RECITE, RIVIEW) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN LITERAL PESERTA DIDIK AUTIS

Keterampilan membaca pemahaman merupakan keterampilan dasar yang penting dikuasai oleh peserta didik autis. Keterampilan membaca pemahaman berperan dalam pengembangan pengetahuan, keberhasilan akademis serta dalam kehidupan sosial. Pemahaman literal mengacu pada kemampuan untuk menangkap makna yang tersurat dalam teks namun seringkali peserta didik autis memahami teks secara harfiah tanpa memperhatikan konteks atau makna implisit. Metode SQ4R (Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Riview) menawarkan pendekatan terstruktur dan sistematis untuk membaca pemahaman yang secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman bacaan dan keterampilan berpikir. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode SQ4R dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman literal pada peserta didik autis. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis pre-eksperimen design dalam bentuk one-group pretest-posttest design dengan menggunakan subjek 6 peserta didik autis yang mengalami permasalahan dalam membaca pemahaman. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes tulis dengan teknik analisis data melalui uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Asymp. Sign (2-tailed adalah 0.027 yang berarti hasil tersebut kurang dari taraf signifikasi α (5%) = 0.05 atau Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) = 0,027 ≤ 0,05 (probabilitas), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh metode SQ4R dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman literal peserta didik autis. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian yaitu penerapan metode SQ4R tidak hanya membantu meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman literal peserta didik autis, tetapi juga memberikan dampak positif terhadap keterlibatan dan motivasi selama pembelajaran.Kata Kunci: Metode SQ4R, membaca pemahaman literal, auti

Quick identification of Arrhythmia Symptoms using Empirical Approach in Long Sequence of Heart Cycles

芝浦工業大学2018年

An observational mechanism for detection of distributed denial-of-service attacks

This study proposes a continuous mechanism for detecting distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks from network traffic data. The mechanism aims to systematically organise traffic data and prepare them for DDoS attack detection using convolutional deep-learning neural networks. The proposed mechanism contains ten phases covering activities, including data preprocessing, feature selection, data labelling, model building, model evaluation, DDoS detection, attack pattern identification, alert creation, notification delivery, and periodical data sampling. The evaluation results suggested that the detection model built based on convolutional deep-learning neural networks and relevant network traffic features provided 97.2% detection accuracy. The study designed a holistic mechanism that considers the systematic network traffic data management for continuous monitoring and good performance of DDoS attack detection. The proposed mechanism could provide a solution for network traffic data management and enhance the existing methods for DDoS attack detection. In addition, it generally contributes to the cybersecurity body of knowledge

The farnesoid X receptor regulates transcription of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in human adrenal cells

Recent studies have shown that the adrenal cortex expresses high levels of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), but its function remains not known. Herein, using microarray technology, we tried to identify candidate FXR targeting genes in the adrenal glands, and showed that FXR regulates 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD3B2) expression in human adrenocortical cells. We further demonstrated that FXR stimulated HSD3B2 promoter activity and have defined the cis-element responsible for FXR regulation of HSD3B2 transcription. Transfection of H295R adrenocortical cells with FXR expression vector effectively increased FXR expression levels and additional treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) caused a 25-fold increase in the mRNA for organic solute transporter alpha (OSTα), a known FXR target gene. HSD3B2 mRNA levels also increased following CDCA treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Cells transfected with a HSD3B2 promoter construct and FXR expression vector responded to CDCA with a 20-fold increase in reporter activity compared to control. Analysis of constructs containing sequential deletions of the HSD3B2 promoter suggested a putative regulatory element between -166 and -101. Mutation of an inverted repeat between -137 and -124 completely blocked CDCA/FXR induced reporter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays further confirmed the presence of a FXR response element in the HSD3B2 promoter. In view of the emerging role of FXR agonists as therapeutic treatment of diabetes and certain liver diseases, the effects of such agonists on other FXR expressing tissues should be considered. Our findings suggest that in human adrenal cells, FXR increases transcription and expression of HSD3B2. Alterations in this enzyme would influence the capacity of the adrenal gland to produce corticosteroids

A ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor isolated from lung

Author Posting. © National Academy of Sciences, 2002. This article is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99 (2002): 14694-14699, doi:10.1073/pnas.232562899.The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-inducible transcription factor that is best known because it mediates the actions of polycyclic and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon environmental toxicants such as 3-methylcholanthrene and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. We report here the successful identification of an endogenous ligand for this receptor; {approx}20 µg was isolated in pure form from 35 kg of porcine lung. Its structure was deduced as 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester from extensive physical measurements and quantum mechanical calculations. In a reporter gene assay, this ligand activates the AHR with a potency five times greater than that of {beta}-naphthoflavone, a prototypical synthetic AHR ligand. 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester competes with 2,3,7,8-[3H]tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin for binding to human, murine, and fish AHRs, thus showing that AHR activation is caused by direct receptor binding, and that recognition of this endogenous ligand is conserved from early vertebrates (fish) to humans.This work was supported by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute, and the National Institutes of Health