Interaction of enamel matrix proteins with human periodontal ligament cells

Dorothy Hodgkin Postgraduate Award for research studies (jointly funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK, and by Institut Straumann) and the Research Discretionary Funds of the Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute. Financial support was also provided by the NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre and by the WCU Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. R31-10069)

Effect of Different Mechanical Properties of Core Build-up Materials on the Root Furcation of A Severely damaged Primary Molar: A Finite Element Analysis

Objectives: To assess the von Mises stress and stress distribution pattern on the root furcation of a severely damaged primary molar restored with different core build-up materials and stainlesssteel crown (SSC). Materials and Methods: The finite element analysis was used to investigate stresses induced in the tooth structures included a sound primary molar and severely damaged primary molars restored with four different core-build up materials, including flowable composite core build-up, bulkfill resin composite, RMGIC and nano-RMGIC. The maximum von Mises stress was used to representthe internal load induced in the model. Results: Overall maximum von Mises stresses was the highest in the sound tooth. However, when focusing on apico-cervical aspect, all restored primary molars showed higher maximum von Mises stress than the sound tooth. The stress distribution pattern of each group was similar, except for the nano-RMGIC group that showed high stress concentrated at the tooth furcation and the buccal aspect of the root furcation. From the ratio of its tensile strength and the maximum von Mises stress, the nano-RMGIC possessed the highest fracture resistance, followed by bulk-fill composite, RMGIC and flowable composite core group, respectively. Discussion: Although nano-RMGIC possessed the highest fracture resistance, it showed an unfavorable stress distribution pattern, which caused high stress at the root furcation. The bulk-fill composite possessed not only high fracture resistance but also favorable stress distribution. Conclusion: The present study introduces crucial information that could lead to an alternative treatment for severely damaged primary molar. Our findings recommend bulk-fill composite as a potential core build-up material. > ว.ทันต.มศว ปีที่ 16 ฉบับที่ 1 พ.ศ. 2566 หน้า 62-77. > SWU Dent J. 2023;16(1): 62-77

Gene expression profile in mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues and bone marrow

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the gene expression profile in mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues and bone marrow for characterization of dental stem cells. Methods: We employed GeneChip analysis to the expression levels of approximately 32,321 kinds of transcripts in 5 samples of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (n=1), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) (n=2), and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) (n=2). Each cell was sorted by a FACS Vantage Sorter using immunocytochemical staining of the early mesenchymal stem cell surface marker STRO-1 before the microarray analysis. Results: We identified 379 up-regulated and 133 down-regulated transcripts in BMSCs, 68 up-regulated and 64 down-regulated transcripts in PDLSCs, and 218 up-regulated and 231 down-regulated transcripts in DPSCs. In addition, anatomical structure development and anatomical structure morphogenesis gene ontology (GO) terms were over-represented in all three different mesenchymal stem cells and GO terms related to blood vessels, and neurons were over-represented only in DPSCs. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the genome-wide gene expression patterns of STRO-1 + mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues and bone marrow. The differences among the expression profiles of BMSCs, PDLSCs, and DPSCs were shown, and 999 candidate genes were found to be definitely up- or down-regulated. In addition, GOstat analyses of regulated gene products provided over-represented GO classes. These data provide a first step for discovering molecules key to the characteristics of dental stem cells. ⓒ 2011 Korean Academy of Periodontology

Evaluation of functional dynamics during osseointegration and regeneration associated with oral implants

The aim of this paper is to review current investigations on functional assessments of osseointegration and assess correlations to the peri-implant structure.The literature was electronically searched for studies of promoting dental implant osseointegration, functional assessments of implant stability, and finite element (FE) analyses in the field of implant dentistry, and any references regarding biological events during osseointegration were also cited as background information.Osseointegration involves a cascade of protein and cell apposition, vascular invasion, de novo bone formation and maturation to achieve the primary and secondary dental implant stability. This process may be accelerated by alteration of the implant surface roughness, developing a biomimetric interface, or local delivery of growth-promoting factors. The current available pre-clinical and clinical biomechanical assessments demonstrated a variety of correlations to the peri-implant structural parameters, and functionally integrated peri-implant structure through FE optimization can offer strong correlation to the interfacial biomechanics.The progression of osseointegration may be accelerated by alteration of the implant interface as well as growth factor applications, and functional integration of peri-implant structure may be feasible to predict the implant function during osseointegration. More research in this field is still needed. To cite this article: Chang P-C, Lang NP, Giannobile WV. Evaluation of functional dynamics during osseointegration and regeneration associated with oral implants. Clin. Oral Impl. Res . 21 , 2010; 1–12.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78668/1/j.1600-0501.2009.01826.x.pd

Expression and regulation of bone morphogenetic protein receptors in human alveolar bone cells

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor P (TGF-P) superfamily of growth factors that stimulate osteoblast differentiation and function. They exert their biological activities through signal transduction via three specific serine/threonine kinase transmembrane receptors, designated types-IA, -IB and -II (BMPR-IA, -IB and -II). These BMP-specific receptors thus determine in part the sensitivity and responsiveness of target cells to the BMP and thereby the biological activity of the BMP. However, little is known about BMPR-IA, -IB and -II in bone. The present study was therefore carried out to examine the expression and regulation of the BMPR in primary human alveolar bone (AB) cells in vitro. Cells were obtained from explants of human AB and exhibited a number of characteristic phenotypic features of osteoblasts. They were also found to express all three BMPR mRNA transcripts and proteins, each of which had a unique subcellular distribution. For example, in addition to its expected localisation at the plasma membrane, a major proportion of BMPR-IB was also observed in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Moreover, the distribution of BMPR-IB was found to be highly regulated by TGF-pi, which caused a pronounced translocation of this receptor to the plasma membrane, resulting in a marked increase in BMP-2 binding and bone cell response. The BMPR also appeared to be differentially controlled at the post-translational level by inflammatory cytokines, which were shown, for the first time, to cause shedding of the cell surface proteins and the concurrent generation of 'soluble' forms of the BMPR. IL-1 p and TNF-ct were found to significantly induce the shedding of soluble BMPR-IB specifically, thereby reducing BMPR-IB surface expression and diminishing BMP-2- induced AB cell functions, such as Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OC) expression. In contrast, the expression of BMPR-IB was found to be up-regulated by osteogenic growth factors including TGF-pl, FGF-2 and PDGF-AB, which enhanced BMP-2-induced AB cell functions. The biological importance of BMPR-IB in these cells was established using an RNA interference approach, which demonstrated that the expression of pivotal osteoblast-associated genes ALP, OC, distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) and core binding factor alpha1 (Cbfalpha1) was dependent on the BMPR-IB signalling pathway. In conclusion, the activities of the BMPR-IA, -IB and -II genes in primary human AB cells were found to be controlled by a number of biological mediators. In addition, the expression of these receptors was also regulated at both the transcriptional and post- translational levels, with BMPR-IB being the most responsive receptor, at least in vitro. These findings suggest that BMPR-IB could thus be a possible therapeutic target for eliciting improved BMP-induced bone healing in vivo

Expression and Regulation of bone moephogenetic protein receptors in human alveolar bone cells

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Weerachai Singhatanadgit's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Weerachai Singhatanadgit's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity