A linear distribution of orbits in compact planetary systems?

We report a linear ordering of orbits in a sample of multiple extrasolar planetary systems with super-Earth planets. We selected 20 cases, mostly discovered by the Kepler mission, hosting at least four planets within \sim 0.5 au. The semi-major axis a_n of an n-th planet in each system of this sample obeys a(n) = a_1 + (n-1) \Delta a, where a_1 is the semi-major axis of the innermost orbit and \Delta a is a spacing between subsequent planets, which are specific for a particular system. For instance, the Kepler-33 system hosting five super-Earth planets exhibits the relative deviations between the observed and linearly predicted semi-major axes of only a few percent. At least half of systems in the sample fulfill the linear law with a similar accuracy. We explain the linear distribution of semi-major axes as a natural implication of multiple chains of mean motion resonances between subsequent planets, which emerge due to planet--disk interactions and convergent migration at early stages of their evolution.Comment: accepted to MNRAS Letter

A dynamical analysis of the Kepler-11 planetary system

The Kepler-11 star hosts at least six transiting super-Earth planets detected through the precise photometric observations of the Kepler mission (Lissauer et al.). In this paper, we re-analyze the available Kepler data, using the direct N-body approach rather than an indirect TTV method in the discovery paper. The orbital modeling in the realm of the direct approach relies on the whole data set, not only on the mid-transits times. Most of the results in the original paper are confirmed and extended. We constrained the mass of the outermost planet g to less than 30 Earth masses. The mutual inclinations between orbits b and c as well as between orbits d and e are determined with a good precision, in the range of [1,5] degrees. Having several solutions to four qualitative orbital models of the Kepler-11 system, we analyze its global dynamics with the help of dynamical maps. They reveal a sophisticated structure of the phase space, with narrow regions of regular motion. The dynamics are governed by a dense net of three- and four-body mean motion resonances, forming the Arnold web. Overlapping of these resonances is a main source of instability. We found that the Kepler-11 system may be long-term stable only in particular multiple resonant configurations with small relative inclinations. The mass-radius data derived for all companions reveal a clear anti-correlation between the mean density of the planets with their distance from the star. This may reflect the formation and early evolution history of the system.Comment: 21 pages, 19 figures, 9 tables, accepted to MNRA

On the HU Aquarii planetary system hypothesis

In this work, we investigate the eclipse timing of the polar binary HU Aquarii that has been observed for almost two decades. Recently, Qian et al. attributed large (O-C) deviations between the eclipse ephemeris and observations to a compact system of two massive jovian companions. We improve the Keplerian, kinematic model of the Light Travel Time (LTT) effect and re-analyse the whole currently available data set. We add almost 60 new, yet unpublished, mostly precision light curves obtained using the time high-resolution photo-polarimeter OPTIMA, as well as photometric observations performed at the MONET/N, PIRATE and TCS telescopes. We determine new mid--egress times with a mean uncertainty at the level of 1 second or better. We claim that because the observations that currently exist in the literature are non-homogeneous with respect to spectral windows (ultraviolet, X-ray, visual, polarimetric mode) and the reported mid--egress measurements errors, they may introduce systematics that affect orbital fits. Indeed, we find that the published data, when taken literally, cannot be explained by any unique solution. Many qualitatively different and best-fit 2-planet configurations, including self-consistent, Newtonian N-body solutions may be able to explain the data. However, using high resolution, precision OPTIMA light curves, we find that the (O-C) deviations are best explained by the presence of a single circumbinary companion orbiting at a distance of ~4.5 AU with a small eccentricity and having ~7 Jupiter-masses. This object could be the next circumbinary planet detected from the ground, similar to the announced companions around close binaries HW Vir, NN Ser, UZ For, DP Leo or SZ Her, and planets of this type around Kepler-16, Kepler-34 and Kepler-35.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, accepted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS

Alien Registration- Slonina, Juliana M. (Winthrop, Kennebec County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/17078/thumbnail.jp

Student Center Building

The new Student Center (SC) is planned as a 140,000 GSF four (4) story building with a basement. The program for the building includes classrooms, an auditorium, fabrication & assembly, glass blowing, student organizations that build & test vehicles, meeting rooms, demonstration kitchen, café, retail, and a lounge. An exterior courtyard is planned on Level 2 which allows for outdoor assembly spaces. This report identifies major code requirements for means of egress, structural fire protection, fire suppression, and fire alarm systems. The report also identifies the major fuel loads in the building. A performance-based assessment is provided for roof construction fire protection. An equivalency approach is also provided for the potential building atrium condition. The Type IIA building will contain Group A, B, F-1, S-1, and M occupancies and will be fully sprinkler protected and provided with an emergency voice/alarm communication system. Consideration should be given to build the project to Type IB construction due to the presence of 2-hour shafts and Level 1 being a 2-hour floor assembly. The project contains two (2) floor openings that connect Level B to Level 1; and Level 1 to Level 2. Prescriptive code requires these floor openings to be fire separated. The project contains three (3) exit stairs serving all levels above grade. Level 2 is also served by an open exit access stair located in the Level 2 floor opening. Level B is served by two (2) exit stairs and an open exit access stair located in the Level 1 floor opening. At Level 2, a stair (Stair A) has been permitted to have a rolling fire shutter complete its enclosure (equipped with an integral egress door). The sprinkler system design does not require a fire pump. The sprinkler system design includes provisions to convert the Paint Lab from using water-based paints to flammable liquid-based paints. This future use will either impact the sprinkler design (increased riser size from 4” to 5”) or will require the rating of the room to be increased from 1-hour to 1.5-hour. As noted above, the fire alarm system will be an emergency voice/alarm communication system with a Notifier NFC-50/100(E) fire alarm control panel. Achieving intelligibility will require a speaker in most rooms. Calculations were performed to determine whether protecting the steel roof structure is necessary. 50mm of spray mineral fiber was shown to adequately protect analyzed structural members. Based on the results of the fire scenarios, the thickness of spray mineral fiber may be reduced to achieve a similar level of protection at a lower cost. Fire Scenario 3 did not require spray fireproofing, suggesting that some ancillary rooms similar to the multi-purpose room may not require fireproofing. Smoke control is not required for the project; however, as requested by the AOR (architect of record), the fire separation between the two (2) project floor openings was requested to be removed. An equivalency was prepared based on two (2) design fires. Smoke control was found to be necessary to maintain tenable conditions. The smoke control system must be capable of operating for the specified total building RSET (51 minutes). The system must be equipped with primary and secondary power. It is recommended that the secondary power be achieved with an unlimited power supply to ensure the smoke control system is not interrupted by loss of power, to maintain tenable conditions. The equivalency approach explores removing the fire separation between the project floor openings, which connects three (3) levels atmospherically. Since the Code permits two-story openings with no smoke control, the focus of the approach is smoke spread from Level B to Level 2. Also, since Stair A discharges to the interior of the building, the other focus of the approach is to maintain tenable conditions at Stair A’s discharge. The design fires are based a t-squared fire model. The selected alpha value is for Polyfoam (rigid polyurethane) and is the worst-case value reported by the referenced document. Realistically, the test samples were small in the referenced document so a realistic fire should have a lesser growth rate factor. Using the worst-case value ensures the equivalency approach is valid for a worst-case scenario (such as a vertical flame spread or a new novel material). There are two (2) design fires, a fire based on a significant mass of Polyfoam being stored in a room (Composites Lab) (Design Fire 1) and 10 kg of Polyfoam stored directly at the base of the Level 1 floor opening (such that virtually all smoke rises to the level above) (Design Fire 2). The latter design fire assumes the 10 kg of Polyfoam is fully combusted with other combustibles (assumed to be cellulosic materials, red oak) continuing the fire. Tenability for the design fires is assessed at Level 2, directly around the Level 2 floor opening, and at Level 1 at the Stair A discharge. The main criterion is maintaining the smoke layer height above 7.5 ft at these locations. Also, visibility (5 m) and temperature (60 C) are also included as tenability criteria. Tenability is also assessed for Stair E, the exit access stair located in the Level 2 floor opening, connecting Level 2 to Level 1. Neither design fire maintained tenable conditions for the Stair A discharge. Design Fire 1 passed the other specified criteria with approximately 133,000 CFM and smoke control activation at 92.5 seconds (detection time + alarm activation time). Design Fire 2A did not pass the other specified criteria using the same exhaust airflow and exhaust system activation time as Design Fire 1. Design Fire 2B added beam detection at 3 m above the Level 1 floor opening to detect the fire in approximately 10 seconds. Design Fire 2B did not pass the other specified criteria using the same exhaust airflow and a new exhaust system activation time of 20 seconds (detection time + system activation time). Design Fire 2C retained the beam detection approach and modified the sprinkler spacing above the Level 1 floor opening to 6 ft to reduce the design fire size as well as increased the exhaust airflow rate. Design Fire 2C passed the other specified criteria with approximately 300,000 CFM and smoke control activation at 20 seconds (detection time + system activation time). Therefore, the equivalency approach requires the following: 1) 300,000 CFM of mechanical exhaust at the Level 2 roof (Design Fire 2C)---Alternatively, close off the area below the Level 1 floor opening such that combustibles cannot be located in the floor opening and reduce to 133,000 CFM (Design Fire 1). 2) Beam detection above the Level 1 floor opening (not more than 9 ft AFF)---If the above alternative approach is taken, provide beam detection as a factor of safety. 3) Tight sprinkler spacing (6 ft) above the Level 1 floor opening (not required for alternate approach). 4) Primary and secondary power for the exhaust system. Secondary power should be an unlimited power supply (UPS) to ensure no disruption in smoke exhaust. 51 minutes of power supply based on the estimated time to evacuate the building. 5) Provide a Firefighter’s smoke control panel at the fire alarm annunciator (FAA) at the main entrance. 6) Enclose the Level B main electrical room with 1-hour construction since it contains the fire alarm control panel (FACP). The UPS and secondary power supply should be located in this room, another at least 1-hour rated room, or outdoors. The room is currently 2-hour rated. 7) Modify the Stair A discharge by protecting it with smoke-tight construction or relocate the discharge from Exit 5 to Exit 4

Territorial study of the site for the hospital, Hodonín

Import 13/01/2017Cílem diplomové práce je navrhnout prostorové a funkční využití lokality Za nemocnicí v Hodoníně Diplomová práce je vypracovaná v rozsahu územní studie s urbanistickým řešením zástavby ve variantách. Pro zvolenou variantu byly zpracovány návrhy vedení inženýrských sítí a navrženo dopravní řešení. Využití pozemku bylo upraveno podmínkami a regulacemi obsaženými v textové části a podrobně prostorově popsáno, včetně jednotlivých budov. Na závěr byl provedený typologický návrh objemové studie navrženého bytového domu spolu s vizualizacemi varianty.The aim of this diploma thesis is a design the planning and functional usage of territorial studies of the site for hospital, Hodonin. This thesis is elaborated in the range of territorial studies with urban solution in the variants. For the selected variant were processed proposals of technical designed and transport solutions. Territorial determining regulations has been modified terms and conditions contained in the text part of the thesis described, including design individual buildings. At the end of thesis was made typological proposal studies designed apartment building along with visualization of variant.222 - Katedra městského inženýrstvívelmi dobř

What can we learn from inactivation studies? Lessons from auditory cortex

Wide variation in the outcome of auditory cortex inactivation has been an impediment to clear conclusions regarding the roles of the auditory cortex in behaviour. Inactivation methods differ in their efficacy and specificity. The likelihood of observing a behavioural deficit is additionally influenced by factors such as the species being used, task design and reward. A synthesis of previous results suggests that auditory cortex involvement is critical for tasks that require integrating across multiple stimulus features, and less likely to be critical for simple feature discriminations. New methods of neural silencing provide opportunities for spatially and temporally precise manipulation of activity, allowing perturbation of individual subfields and specific circuits

Moravian Ostrava - typological design of a multifunctional building in a gap Šubertova x Hollarova Streets

Import 23/07/2015Předmětem této práce je návrh polyfunkčního domu v proluce nároží ulic Hollarovy a Šubertovy v Moravské Ostravě. Práce je řešena v rozsahu objemové studie, která řeší typologický návrh, statickou dopravu a zohledňuje požadavky na bezbariérové užívání staveb. Daná práce se snaží vyřešit problémy vyplívající z polohy řešené lokality v městské památkové zóně, omezení zásadami platné územně plánovací dokumentace, návaznost na stávající zástavbu, problematiku parkování a další úskalí. Nedílnou součástí práce je orientační propočet navrhovaného řešení.The subject of this thesis is to develop of a multifunctional building in the corner of a vacant of Hollarova and Šubertova streets in Moravian Ostrava. This thesis is in the range of volume study that solved typological design, static traffic and takes into account the requirements for barrier-free use of buildings. Given work trying to solve problems revenues resulting from a position designed sites in the municipal preservation area, restrictions applicable principles of planning documentation, lines up to existing buildings, parking issues and other problems. An integral part of the thesis is the approximate calculation of the proposed solution.222 - Katedra městského inženýrstvívelmi dobř

15.Radiation survival and colony size of human epidermal keratinocytes in the presence of keratinocyte growth factor (rhKGF)

The capacity of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rhKGF) to ameliorate the radiation response of mouse oral mucosa and other epithelial tissues was recently reported. However, the exact mechanisms of action of KGF remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of rhKGF on survival and colony size of normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro. Primary human neonatal keratinocytes (HEKn) were irradiated with doses of 0 Gy and 2 Gy (200 kV X-rays) and incubated in the presence or absence of 100ng/ml rhKGF. Plating efficiency (PE) and surviving fraction (SF2) were determined in a clonogenic assay. In cell cultures without rhKGF the mean PE was 4.6%. Irradiation with 2 Gy resulted in a SF2 of 51%. In cell cultures with rhKGF, the mean PE was identical (4.6%). After irradiation with 2 Gy, a similar SF2 of 54% was observed, indicating that KGF did not change the survival characteristics of HEKn keratinocytes. Individual colony size, however, in all cultures incubated with rhKGF was significantly increased compared to incubation without rhKGF. The number of extremely large colonies (□2 mm) was clearly higher (p=0.0000) with rhKGF-containing culture medium. In conclusion, rhKGF does not affect keratinocyte survival after irradiation, but stimulates proliferation of surviving cells