Scaling from Research to Operative Services. The Failure of DNV's Data Driven Service Innovation Fuel Insight.

It has become increasingly clear the last decades that the service sector constitutes the majority of employment and output in most industrial countries. While the traditional view on innovation and growth has emphasised the manufacturing industry, innovation within the service sector received little attention until the 1980 s despite the economic importance of the sector. Services play important roles in innovation processes throughout the economy, hence it is important to understand the nature of innovation in the service sector. This study provides empirical evidence on the importance of the innovation process from the research stadium to market launch within services. The purpose is to identify key factors central to the success, and, if turned around, the failure of service innovation. This thesis takes form of an embedded case study of an unsuccessful service developed in-house, from research to launch, by Det norske Veritas (DNV) to the global bunker fuel market. On the background of ten qualitative interviews, challenges occurring in the innovation process have been outlined. I explore the blurred lines between manufactured innovations and service innovations, asking to which degree innovation within these sectors differ. This approach turns the focus towards organisational innovation, discussing organisational factors surrounding the service itself as contributing causes to the outcome of a service. On the background of this case, it is argued that innovation in services differ to a degree from innovations in the manufacturing sector, but that several of the same factors apply. Especially organisational factors play an important role in service innovations, and if these are not in place, the likeliness of an innovation to succeed decrease. Studying the effect of user-involvement, management and knowledge transfer on service innovation, this thesis contributes to the integrative approach of service innovation. By exploring these effects on the performance of a data driven service, it also adds a new dimension to the characteristic issue of simultaneity in this type of hybrid service, opening up for increasing the gap between production and consumption within the service industry. Although there is no recipe for successful innovation, this thesis directs attention towards issues firms should be aware of when developing new services, to avoid failure and instead increasing the chances of enhanced firm performance

The challenge of identifying and conserving valuable ecosystems close to human settlements in a northern area. An approach based on field- and satellite data.

The rich broadleaved forests of North Norway have high species diversity. Mappings of biodiversity have been undertaken in the two municipalities Målselv and Bardu, but these mappings are far from exhaustive. This study examines classification methods for mapping rich broadleaved forests with the use of Landsat ETM+ images, and with vegetation indices as ancillary data. Three classifications were made; one supervised (on a July image) and two unsupervised (on the July image and a September image). Of these, the unsupervised classification of the July image had the best Overall Accuracy at 60.59 % and a Kappa coefficient of 0.4262. It seems that it is somewhat difficult to differentiate between the various rich broadleaved forest types with the use of Landsat ETM+ images, with their medium resolution, and a per-pixel classification. But with the added use of a tresholded NDVI it is possible to discern richer forest types in the study area, and to some degree imply what kind of forest we might expect to find based on the best classifications. I have compared my findings with the earlier biodiversity maps, and on this background I suggest that a new, and more thorough, mapping of the region is carried out

Oppheving av vedtak om omsorgsovertakelse etter barnevernloven § 4-21. Særlig om barnets rett til å bli hørt

Master i rettsvitenskapJUS399MAJU

Export opportunities for traditional Norwegian foods: Can fenalår become a delicacy in the French cuisine?

Denne oppgaven har hatt til hensikt å identifisere markedsmulighetene for eksport av fenalår til Frankrike, og hvilke strategiske innganger en norsk eksportbedrift bør ha dersom det identifiseres en markedsmulighet. Oppgaven har blitt finansiert og gjennomført sammen med Fenalår fra Norge SA, og har derfor dette samvirkelaget som utgangspunkt for undersøkelsene av eksportmuligheter. For å identifisere markedsmulighetene har vi analysert det franske markedet gjennom to datainnsamlinger, én i Lyon og én i Paris. I begge datainnsamlingene har vi fokusert på å undersøke opinionslederes holdninger til fenalår. Opinionslederne ble utvalgt på bakgrunn av deres kompetanse og evne til å spre produkter i markeder. Utgangspunktet for denne undersøkelsen har vært Bordens (1964) markedsmiks. Vi har brukt dette markedsføringsverktøyet for å gjøre en markedsanalyse og supplert med relevant teori på de ulike perspektivene. Valget av det teoretiske rammeverket har blitt gjort for å kunne besvare problemstillingen: «Hvilke faktorer er relevante for en markedsstrategisk satsning for Fenalår fra Norge i Frankrike?» Basert på analysene av funnene våre argumenterer vi for at det finnes en markedsmulighet for Fenalår fra Norge i Frankrike, men at det også er forbedringspotensialet før fenalår vil gå rett inn i det franske kjøkken. Undersøkelsen forsøker å avdekke de viktigste tiltakene som må til for at Fenalår fra Norge skal kunne oppnå en posisjon i det franske markedet som eksportør av fenalår. Disse tiltakene, eller strategiske anbefalingene, går på både tilpasning og standardisering ut fra det hva de franske opinionslederne etterlyser ved fenalår i Frankrike. Denne undersøkelsen er begrenset til å se på muligheter og strategiske anbefalinger for videre satsning, og tar ikke spesifikt for seg hvordan de strategiske anbefalingene bør gjennomføres. ---- The goal of this thesis has been to uncover the market opportunities for an export of cured leg of mutton (fenalår) to France, and which strategic entrances a Norwegian export business should consider if an opportunity is identified. The thesis has been done in cooperation with Fenalår fra Norge SA, which has also financed the research costs, thus the cooperative has been the basis for the market research. We have based our analysis of the French market opportunities on data from two field trips, one in Lyon and one in Paris. In both data collections we have aimed to research opinion leaders' attitudes towards fenalår. We have chosen to target opinion leaders due to their expertise and ability to facilitate the diffusion of products in their respective markets. The basis for the data collection has been Borden’s (1964) marketing mix. We have used this marketing tool to analyse the market, and added relevant supporting theories to broaden the perspectives. The theoretical framework was chosen for its presumed ability to answer our research question: «Which factors are relevant for a strategic market endeavour for Fenalår fra Norge in France?» Our findings suggest there is an opportunity for market entry for Fenalår fra Norge in France, there is however room for improvement before fenalår will be adopted by French cuisine. Further, we have tried to identify the most important factors Fenalår fra Norge needs to improve before achieving a position in the French market as an exporter of fenalår. These factors will be formulated as strategic recommendations, and will consist of both adaptions and standardizing actions. The recommendations are based on what French opinion leaders highlight as crucial to adopt fenalår in the French market. The thesis is limited to identifying the market opportunities and strategic recommendation. It will not specifically go into detail on how to implement the strategic recommendations.Fenalår fra Norge SAM-E