Latin American immigrants have limited access to health insurance in Japan: a cross sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Japan provides universal health insurance to all legal residents. Prior research has suggested that immigrants to Japan disproportionately lack health insurance coverage, but no prior study has used rigorous methodology to examine this issue among Latin American immigrants in Japan. The aim of our study, therefore, was to assess the pattern of health insurance coverage and predictors of uninsurance among documented Latin American immigrants in Japan.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used a cross sectional, mixed method approach using a probability proportional to estimated size sampling procedure. Of 1052 eligible Latin American residents mapped through extensive fieldwork in selected clusters, 400 immigrant residents living in Nagahama City, Japan were randomly selected for our study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire developed from qualitative interviews.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our response rate was 70.5% (n = 282). Respondents were mainly from Brazil (69.9%), under 40 years of age (64.5%) and had lived in Japan for 9.45 years (SE 0.44; median, 8.00). We found a high prevalence of uninsurance (19.8%) among our sample compared with the estimated national average of 1.3% in the general population. Among the insured full time workers (n = 209), 55.5% were not covered by the Employee's Health Insurance. Many immigrants cited financial trade-offs as the main reasons for uninsurance. Lacking of knowledge that health insurance is mandatory in Japan, not having a chronic disease, and having one or no children were strong predictors of uninsurance.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Lack of health insurance for immigrants in Japan is a serious concern for this population as well as for the Japanese health care system. Appropriate measures should be taken to facilitate access to health insurance for this vulnerable population.</p

Reductions in abortion-related mortality following policy reform: evidence from Romania, South Africa and Bangladesh

Unsafe abortion is a significant contributor to worldwide maternal mortality; however, abortion law and policy liberalization could lead to drops in unsafe abortion and related deaths. This review provides an analysis of changes in abortion mortality in three countries where significant policy reform and related service delivery occurred. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, population data and grey literature on programs and policies, this paper demonstrates the policy and program changes that led to declines in abortion-related mortality in Romania, South Africa and Bangladesh. In all three countries, abortion policy liberalization was followed by implementation of safe abortion services and other reproductive health interventions. South Africa and Bangladesh trained mid-level providers to offer safe abortion and menstrual regulation services, respectively, Romania improved contraceptive policies and services, and Bangladesh made advances in emergency obstetric care and family planning. The findings point to the importance of multi-faceted and complementary reproductive health reforms in successful implementation of abortion policy reform

Dataset for meta-analysis of techniques to promote motivation for health behaviour change

This dataset was created following data extraction of a systematic review of intervention studies reported within published articles and dissertations conducted through methods described in the paper "A meta-analysis of techniques to promote motivation for health behaviour change from a self-determination theory perspective". The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore what behaviour change techniques are used in interventions targeting health behaviour change, and how they influence the theoretical mediators of behaviour change as set out by Self Determination Theory. The mediators analysed were; autonomy, competence and relatedness satisfaction, perceived autonomy support, and autonomous motivation. The dataset includes information on the design, aims, participants and context of each study, and primary data of mean and standard deviations of pre- and post-intervention target mediators where available. Effect sizes were computed from this information for meta-analysis. Where mean and standard deviations were not provided, effect sizes were estimated by converting available data (e.g., change scores, odds ratios, F statistics)

DFT study of the hydrogen transfer step in the 4-benzoyloxy-TEMPO catalysed oxidation of alcohols

DFT study: Optimised structures of local minima and transition states related to the hydrogen transfer step in the 4-benzoyloxy-TEMPO catalysed oxidation of various alcohol substrates Protocol: rB3LYP/6-3111+g(d,p)/ SCRF=(cpcm,solvent= water) Content: Gaussian09 rev A.02 output files Related Article: (temporary title) Substrate Selectivity in Heterogeneous 4-Benzoyloxy-TEMPO Catalysed Alcohol Oxidations in Composite Films of Carbon Microparticles with Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity Sunyhik D. Ahn, Richard Malpass-Evans, Mariolino Carta, Neil B. McKeown, Stephen D. Bull, Antoine Buchard and Frank Marken

Dataset for "Novel super-reduced, pedagogical model for scoping net zero buildings''

The dataset corresponds to (1) the ZEBRA tool, (2) its validation and (3) built-in examples. The ZEBRA tool is a novel, super-reduced, pedagogical model for scoping net zero buildings. The validation is after ASHRAE Standard 140-2017 for space heating demand intensity after HERS Bestest (Judkoff & Neymark 1995). The built-in examples are domestic buildings located in the UK and are described in the PDF files and implemented in ZEBRA

Dataset on experimental data available in the literature on "Medium chain carboxylic acids from complex organic feedstock by mixed culture fermentation"

This dataset was created as a compilation of experimental data in the literature on the production of medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs) by microbial mixed cultures (MMC) fermentation. The intention was to provide a dataset as comprehensive as possible that includes the majority of experimental results available in this research area to the best of our knowledge. The focus lied on MMC-based studies processing complex organic feedstock, yet selected studies were included on synthetic substrates. The relevant literature studies were collected and experimental results categorized according to bioreactor operation, i.e. batch, fed-batch and (semi-)continuous. Operational parameters, such as feedstock type, organic loading rate, temperature, etc., were extracted from information reported in studies and placed alongside product outcome in terms of MCCA production for each experiment. This dataset forms the backbone of the discussion and figure generation of the literature review "Medium chain carboxylic acids from complex organic feedstock by mixed culture fermentation" by V. De Groof, M. Coma, T. Arnot, D. Leak, A. Lanham. Published in MDPI Molecules: Special Issue "Chemicals from Food Supply Chain By-Products and Waste Streams" 2019