Pengembangan Buku Panduan Praktik Laboratorium Bank Mini dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pencatatan Transaksi Keuangan pada Program Keahlian Akuntansi

The objective of this research is to develop a valid and effective guidance book for practice to be applied at Mini Bank laboratory of the Accounting Expertise Program of State Senior Vocational High School 1 of Surakarta as to improve the skills of financial transaction recording.This research used the research and development (R&D) method claimed by Borg and Gall. It consisted of eight phases of development, namely: (1) research and information collecting, (2) planning, (3) development of preliminary form of product, (4) preliminary field testing, (5) main product revision, (6) main field testing, (7) operational product revision, and (8) operational field testing. The validation of product was done through internal and external ones. The former was done to the components of developed book through peer review which involved a material expert, a media expert, two practitioners, namely the teachers who develop the mini bank of the school. Meanwhile, the latter was done by testing the feasibility of the developed book which involved the students in Grade X and Grade XI of the Accounting Expertise Program of the school. The research methods used in the testing implementation was the descriptive qualitative and quantitative one.The results of research show that: (1) the developed guidance book for practice of mini bank laboratory is valid and feasible to be used according to the result of validations by experts and that of testing by students; (2) the developed guidance book for practice of mini bank laboratory is proven to be effective to be applied as a reference for practical learning activities so that it can improve the skills of financial transaction recording of the students of the school. Thus, a conclusion is drawn that the developed guidance book for practice of mini bank laboratory is valid and effective to improve scores in the skills of financial transaction recording of the students in Grade X and XI of the Accounting Expertise Program of State Vocational High School 1 of Surakarta

Arabic validation of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The popularity of using the Internet and related applications has grown in Arabic countries in recent years. Despite numerous advantages in terms of optimizing communications among individuals and social systems, the use of the Internet may in certain cases become problematic and engender negative consequences in daily life. As no instrument in the Arabic language is available, however, to measure excessive Internet use, the goal of the current study was to validate an Arabic version of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Arabic version of the CIUS was administered to a sample of 185 Internet users and exploratory and confirmatory analyses performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>As found previously for the original version, a one-factor model of the CIUS had good psychometric properties and fit the data well. The total score on the CIUS was positively associated with time spent online.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The Arabic version of the CIUS seems to be a valid self-report to measure problematic Internet use.</p

Tackling child poverty in South Africa: Implications of ubuntu for the system of social grants

In the South African context both liberal and – in the form of the southern African idea of ubuntu – more communitarian and relational discourses of citizenship can be seen. The policy framework to tackle child policy, however, is dominated by the framework of liberal citizenship, most clearly through the Bill of and the various social grants. Using analyses from an original microsimulation model developed by one of the authors the paper shows however how a neglect of children’s relationships and inter-connectedness with their adult parents/carers in the current liberal citizenship inspired policy approach limits the effectiveness of this child poverty strategy. The empirical analyses demonstrate how a greater recognition in policy of the relational principles of ubuntu through more fully addressing the needs of children’s parents/carers via the creation of a comprehensive social security grant for working age adults is needed to effectively reduce child poverty as well as working age poverty

Investigating perturbed pathway modules from gene expression data via structural equation models

BACKGROUND: It is currently accepted that the perturbation of complex intracellular networks, rather than the dysregulation of a single gene, is the basis for phenotypical diversity. High-throughput gene expression data allow to investigate changes in gene expression profiles among different conditions. Recently, many efforts have been made to individuate which biological pathways are perturbed, given a list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In order to understand these mechanisms, it is necessary to unveil the variation of genes in relation to each other, considering the different phenotypes. In this paper, we illustrate a pipeline, based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) that allowed to investigate pathway modules, considering not only deregulated genes but also the connections between the perturbed ones. RESULTS: The procedure was tested on microarray experiments relative to two neurological diseases: frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTLD-U) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Starting from DEGs and dysregulated biological pathways, a model for each pathway was generated using databases information biological databases, in order to design how DEGs were connected in a causal structure. Successively, SEM analysis proved if pathways differ globally, between groups, and for specific path relationships. The results confirmed the importance of certain genes in the analyzed diseases, and unveiled which connections are modified among them. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a framework to perform differential gene expression analysis on microarray data based on SEM, which is able to: 1) find relevant genes and perturbed biological pathways, investigating putative sub-pathway models based on the concept of disease module; 2) test and improve the generated models; 3) detect a differential expression level of one gene, and differential connection between two genes. This could shed light, not only on the mechanisms affecting variations in gene expression, but also on the causes of gene-gene relationship modifications in diseased phenotypes

Level of agreement between objectively determined body composition and perceived body image in 6- To 8-year-old South African children- To Body Composition-Isotope Technique study

To assess the level of agreement between body size self-perception and actual body size determined by body mass index (BMI) z-score and body fatness measured by the deuterium dilution method (DDM) in South African children aged 6-8 years. A cross-sectional sample of 202 children (83 boys and 119 girls) aged 6-8 years from the Body Composition-Isotope Technique study (BC-IT) was taken. Subjective measures of body image (silhouettes) were compared with the objective measures of BMI z-score and body fatness measured by the DDM. The World Health Organization BMI z-scores were used to classify the children as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. DDM-measured fatness was classified based on the McCarthy centile curves set at 2nd, 85th and 95th in conjunction with fatness cut-off points of 25% in boys and 30% in girls. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26. Of 202 children, 32.2%, 55.1%, 8.8%, and 2.4% perceived their body size as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. Based on BMI z-score, 18.8%, 72.8%, 6.9%, and 1.5% were classified as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. Body fatness measurement showed that 2.5%, 48.0%, 21.8%, and 29.7% were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively