Effects of a simulation-based workshop on nursing students' competence in arterial puncture

Objective: To evaluate whether a short simulation-based workshop in radial artery puncture would improve nursing students’ competence to a level in which they could practise the procedure on a live patient without compromising his safety. Methods: Quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest study with 111 third-year nursing students. A 1.5-hour simulation-based workshop was implemented. This included a video-lecture, live demonstrations, selfdirected simulated practice in dyads and individual intermittent feedback. Participants’ skills, knowledge and self-efficacy in arterial puncture were measured before and after attending the workshop. Results: After the intervention, a total of 61.1% of the participants showed the level of competence required to safely practice radial artery puncture on a live patient under supervision. Conclusion: Effective simulation-based training in arterial puncture for nursing students does not necessarily need to be resource-intensive. Well-planned, evidence-based training sessions using low-tech simulators could help educators to achieve good educational outcomes and promote patient safety

Implementation of the evidence for the improvement of nursing care to the critical patient's family: a participatory action research

Background: There are many descriptive studies regarding the needs of the family, as well as those regarding nursing care aimed directly at family members. However, there is no widespread application of such evidence in clinical practice. There has also been no analysis made of the evolution of patterns of knowing during the act of improving clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to understand the change process aimed at improving care to critical patient's families, and to explore the evolution of patterns of knowing that nurses use in this process. Methods: Qualitative study with a Participatory Action Research method, in accordance with the Kemmis and McTaggart model. In this model, nurses can observe their practice, reflect upon it and compare it with scientific evidence, as well as define, deploy and evaluate improvement strategies adapted to the context. Simultaneously, the process of empowerment derived from the Participatory Action Research allows for the identification of patterns of knowing and their development over time. The research will take place in the Intensive Care Units of a tertiary hospital. The participants will be nurses who are part of the regular workforce of these units, with more than five years of experience in critical patients, and who are motivated to consider and critique their practice. Data collection will take place through participant observation, multi-level discussion group meetings and documentary analysis. A content analysis will be carried out, following a process of codification and categorisation, with the help of Nvivo10. The approval date and the beginning of the funding were December 2012 and 2013, respectively. Discussion: The definition, introduction and evaluation of care strategies for family members will allow for their real and immediate implementation in practice. The study of the patterns of knowing in the Participatory Action Research will be part of the theoretical and practical feedback process of a professional discipline. Also, the identification of the construction and evolution of knowledge will provide decision elements to managers and academics when choosing strategies for increased quality

Learning from COVID-19: Cross-sectional e-survey of critical care nurses' satisfaction and experiences of their role in the pandemic response across the United Kingdom.

Background Since the start of the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, critical care nurses across the world have been working under extreme levels of pressure. Aim To understand critical care nurses' experiences of and satisfaction with their role in the pandemic response across the United Kingdom (UK). Study Design A cross-sectional electronic survey of critical care nurses (n = 339) registered as members of the British Association of Critical Care Nurses. Anonymous quantitative and open-ended question data were collected in March and April 2021 during the height of the second surge of COVID-19 in the UK via an online questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and free text responses were collated and analysed thematically. Results There was a response rate of 17.5%. Critical care nurses derived great satisfaction from making a difference during this global crisis and greatly valued teamwork and support from senior nurses. However, nurses consistently expressed concern over the quality of safe patient care, which they perceived to be suboptimal due to staff shortages and a dilution of the specialist skill mix. Together with the high volume of patient deaths, critical care nurses reported that these stressors influenced their personalwell-being. Conclusions This study provides insights into the key lessons health care leaders must consider when managing the response to the demands and challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 is unpredictable in its course, and what future variants might mean in terms of transmissibility, severity and resultant pressures to critical care remains unknown. Relevance to Clinical Practice Future responses to the challenges that critical care faces must consider nurses' experiences and create an environment that engenders supportive teamwork, facilitates excellent nursing practice and effective safe patient care where critical care nursing may thrive

‘Doing the best we can’: Registered Nurses' experiences and perceptions of patient safety in intensive care during COVID-19

Aims To explore registered nurses' experiences of patient safety in intensive care during COVID-19. Design A qualitative interview study informed by constructivism. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted and audio-recorded with 19 registered nurses who worked in intensive care during COVID-19 between May and July 2021. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed utilizing framework. Results Two key themes were identified. ‘On a war footing’—an unprecedented situation which describes the situation nurses faced, and the actions are taken to prepare for the safe delivery of care. ‘Doing the best we can’—Safe Delivery of Care which describes the ramifications of the actions taken on short- and long-term patient safety including organization of care, missed and suboptimal care and communication. Both themes were embedded in the landscape of Staff Well-being and Peer Support. Conclusion Nurses reported an increase in patient safety risks which they attributed to the dilution of skill mix and fragmentation of care. Nurses demonstrated an understanding of the holistic and long-term impacts on patient safety and recovery from critical illness. Impact This study explored the perceived impact of COVID-19 on patient safety in intensive care from a nursing perspective. Dilution of skill mix, where specialist critical care registered nurses were diluted with registered nurses with no critical care experience, and the fragmentation of care was perceived to lead to reduced quality of care and increased adverse events and risk of harm which were not consistently formally reported. Furthermore, nurses demonstrated a holistic and long-term appreciation of patient safety. These findings should be considered as part of future nursing workforce modelling and patient safety strategies by intensive care leaders and managers. No public or patient contribution to this study. The study aims and objectives were developed in collaboration with health care professionals

RESPONSE-TIME MEASUREMENT OF A MID-INFRA-RED PHOTODETECTOR

A direct measurement of the speed of a GaAs/Al0.2Ga0.8As quantum well infra-red photodetector is made using fast pulses centred at 9.7mum. The electrical response of the detector has rise and decay times of less than 95ps and the FWHM is 115ps.30131093109

Grupo de suporte como estratégia para acolhimento de familiares de pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Internações em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) geram necessidades em familiares, nem sempre apropriadamente atendidas. O trabalho objetivou descrever grupo de suporte (GS) para acolhimento de familiares de pacientes internados em UTIs, e avaliar sua efetividade para satisfação de suas necessidades de informação/apoio emocional. Pesquisa descritiva desenvolvida em 2006, em Hospital de Goiânia/GO, por meio de sessões do Grupo de Apoio aos Familiares (GRAF), gravadas e registradas em diário de campo para análise do processo grupal, e de entrevistas individuais para avaliar atendimento das necessidades de informações e suporte. O GRAF possibilitou atendimento às necessidades dos familiares, ajudando-os no enfrentamento da internação do parente em UTI. Concluiu-se que GS colaboram para construção da assistência humanizada, possibilitando a superação do olhar historicamente centrado no paciente e na doença. Recomenda-se que os enfermeiros reflitam sobre reorganização da prática e possibilidade de inclusão do GS como estratégia de atendimento às necessidades dos familiares.Las internaciones en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) generan necesidades en los familiares, las cuales no siempre son adecuadamente atendidas. El objetivo del estudio fue describir un grupo de soporte (GS) para la atención de familiares de pacientes ingresados en UTI y evaluar la efectividad de la satisfacción de sus necesidades de información y apoyo emocional. Investigación descriptiva desarrollada en 2006 en un hospital de Goiânia/Goiás, a través de sesiones del Grupo de Apoyo a los Familiares (GRAF), que fueron grabadas y registradas en un diario de campo para el análisis del proceso grupal, y de entrevistas individuales para evaluar la atención de las necesidades de información y soporte. El GRAF posibilitó la atención de las necesidades de los familiares, ayudándolos a afrontar la internación del pariente en la UTI. Se llegó a la conclusión de que los GS cooperan en la construcción de una práctica humanizada del cuidado, lo que permite la superación del entendimiento históricamente centrado en el paciente y en la enfermedad. Se recomienda a los enfermeros reflexionar sobre la reorganización de la práctica y la posibilidad de incluir a los GS como una estrategia de atención de las necesidades de los familiares.Admissions to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) generate needs among relatives, which sometimes do not receive appropriate care. This study aimed at describing a support group (SG) that embraces the relatives of patients admitted to ICU and to evaluate its effectiveness in meeting their needs of information and emotional support. This descriptive study was performed in 2006 in a Hospital of Goiânia/GO, by means sessions of the Support Group for Families (SGF). The sessions were recorded and registered in a field-diary for further analysis of the group process. In addition, individual interviews were performed to evaluate if the needs for information and support were met. The SGF permitted to see to the needs of families, helping them cope with the hospitalization of their relative in the ICU. In conclusion, SGF helps to promote humanized care practice and to overcome care that is historically focused on patient and disease. Nurses should consider reorganizing their practice and the possibility of including the SGF as a strategy to meet the needs of the families

Victims of disaster : can ethical debriefings be of help to care for their suffering?

Victims of disaster suffer, not only at the very moment of the disaster, but also years after the disaster has taken place, they are still in an emotional journey. While many moral perspectives focus on the moment of the disaster itself, a lot of work is to be done years after the disaster. How do people go through their suffering and how can we take care of them? Research on human suffering after a major catastrophe, using an ethics of care perspective, is scarce. People suffering from disasters are often called to be in distress and their emotional difficulties 'medicalised'. This brings them often into a situation of long term use of medication, and one can wonder if medication is of help to them in the long run. In our paper, we will explore another moral perspective, focusing on the importance of the victims' narrative and their lived experiences. We will use Paul Ricoeur's phenomenological reflections from 'Suffering is not the same as pain' for conceptualizing human suffering and how to apply it to victims of disaster. Ricoeur suggests that suffering is not a quantity that can be measured, but a characteristic that should be studied qualitatively in interpersonal and narrative contexts. Above all, the perspective of care and listening could offer an opportunity to reconcile people from their loss and suffering