Global gyrokinetic simulations of ITG turbulence in the configuration space of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

We study the effect of turbulent transport in different magnetic configurations of the Weldenstein 7-X stellarator. In particular, we performed direct numerical simulations with the global gyrokinetic code GENE-3D, modeling the behavior of Ion Temperature Gradient turbulence in the Standard, High-Mirror, and Low-Mirror configurations of W7-X. We found that the Low-Mirror configuration produces more transport than both the High-Mirror and the Standard configurations. By comparison with radially local simulations, we have demonstrated the importance of performing global nonlinear simulations to predict the turbulent fluxes quantitatively

Annex 1 - Glossary

This glossary defines some specific terms as the Lead Authors intend them to be interpreted in the context of this report

A non-uniform semantic analysis of the Italian temporal connectives Prima and Dopo

In this paper, I argue that the temporal connective prima ('before') is a comparative adverb. The argument is based on a number of grammatical facts from Italian, showing that there is an asymmetry between prima and dopo ('after'). On the ground of their divergent behaviour, I suggest that dopo has a different grammatical status from prima. I propose a semantic treatment for prima that is based on an independently motivated analysis of comparatives which can be traced back to Seuren (1973). Dopo is analyzed instead as an atomic two-place predicate which contributes a binary relation over events to the sentence meaning. The different semantic treatments of the two connectives provide an explanation for the grammatical asymmetries considered at the outset; interestingly, it also sheds some light on other asymmetries between prima and dopo which are known to hold for the English temporal connectives before and after as well: these asymmetries are related to the veridicality properties, the distribution of NPIs, and the logical properties of these connectives first described in Anscombe (1964)

How are results represented and modified? : remarks on Jäger & Blutner's anti-decomposition

The paper investigates a recent proposal to resultativity by G. Jäger and R. Blutner (J&B). J&B say that the representation of result states of accomplishments by means of CAUSE and BECOME is not correct and should not be done in the syntax in terms of decomposition. They develop an axiomatic approach where each accomplishment/achievement is related to its result by a particular axiom. Modification of the result by "again" makes use of these axioms and the restitutive/resultative ambiguity is a matter of lexical ambiguity or polysemy. They argue that the classical decomposition theory cannot treat the restitutive reading of "A Delaware settled in New Jersey again" (there had been Delawares in New Jersey but not this particular one; and those earlier Delawares never moved to New Jersey but were borne there). I discuss (and dispute) these data and compare the two theories. J&B's contains an OT-part dealing with the disambiguating role of stress. While the decomposition theory cannot deal with the data mentioned, it can integrate the OT-part of J&B's theory

The impact of the Netherlandish landscape tradition on poetry and painting in early modern England

Copyright © 2013 The University of Chicago Press.The relationship between poetry and painting has been one of the most debated issues in the history of criticism. The present article explores this problematic relationship in the context of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, taking into account theories of rhetoric, visual perception, and art. It analyzes a rare case in which a specific school of painting directly inspired poetry: in particular, the ways in which the Netherlandish landscape tradition influenced natural descriptions in the poem Poly-Olbion (1612, 1622) by Michael Drayton (1563–1631). Drayton — under the influence of the artistic principles of landscape depiction as explained in Henry Peacham’s art manuals, as well as of direct observation of Dutch and Flemish landscape prints and paintings — successfully managed to render pictorial landscapes into poetry. Through practical examples, this essay will thoroughly demonstrate that rhetoric is capable of emulating pictorial styles in a way that presupposes specialized art-historical knowledge, and that pictorialism can be the complex product as much of poetry and rhetoric as of painting and art-theoretical vocabulary

Dog After Dog Revisited

This paper presents a compositional semantic analysis of pluractional adverbial modifiers like \u27dog after dog\u27 and \u27one dog after the other\u27. We propose a division of labour according to which much of the semantics is carried by a family of plural operators. The adverbial itself contributes a semantics that we call pseudoreciprocal

Wirkungen des Klimaschutzplans Nordrhein-Westfalen auf die Bauleitplanung?

Der Entwurf des Klimaschutzplans Nordrhein-Westfalen stellt sowohl im Hinblick auf seine komplexe Entstehung als auch seine potenziellen Wirkungen eine bemerkenswerte Neuerung für den planerischen Klimaschutz und die Klimaanpassung dar. Sein sektoren- und ebenenübergreifender und landesweiter Ansatz wirft allerdings Fragen nach seiner Umsetzbarkeit auf. Der Beitrag verdeutlicht an ausgewählten Maßnahmenvorschlägen aus dem Beteiligungsprozess, dass die Wirkung des Klimaschutzplans entscheidend von der Umsetzung auf der kommunalen Ebene bestimmt werden wird. Anhand ausgewählter Befunde zum Planungsgeschehen (Innenentwicklung, Flächen- und Freirauminanspruchnahme) wird gezeigt, dass diesbezügliche Ansätze des Klimaschutzplan-Entwurfs und des Baugesetzbuchs bereits in der Gegenwart verbreitet umgesetzt werden. Gleichzeitig wird deutlich, dass das teilweise nicht zielkonforme Planungshandeln weiterhin ein großes Potenzial für den Klimaschutz und die Klimaanpassung birgt. Die Erwartungshaltung an den Klimaschutzplan sollte eher von einer kommunikativen bzw. appellierenden denn von einer dezidiert planerisch steuernden Wirkung ausgehen.This contribution aims at discussing the recently set up Climate Protection Plan of North Rhine-Westphalia. It refers to a selection of the plans’ objectives related to spatial planning. It questions to what extent the Climate Protection Plan should be expected to become implemented, since its particular objectives and measures would need to be carried out on the local communities’ planning level. Using a set of cases, the statistical analysis provides for differentiated answers on these questions and a thoroughly ambivalent overall view. Finanlly the discussion outlines these findings and points at local planning bodies, as these seem to be selective when it comes to compliance with environmental provisions that are integrated in local spatial planning. Therefore, the success of the Climate Protection Plan also will depend on local planning bodies' attitudes and actions