An Analysis of a Special Cheese Promotion Program: Houston, Texas

Report for American Dairy Association of AMPICheese, Promotion, Houston, Texas, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Marketing,

Public beliefs about cause and risk of depression in Iceland: a pilot study

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked FilesAbstract The aim of this pilot study was to explore attitudes of the Icelandic public towards causes and risks of depression. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, employing a questionnaire and a vignette of a person with depression. A convenience sample of 100 people was used with a response rate of 85%. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests. Overall, the participants perceived both causes and risks to involve genetics, personality traits and lack of coping strategies. The belief in the importance of social stressors as a cause and risk factor of depression was predominant. Problems from childhood and day to day problems were considered to be the most likely causes of depression, but unemployment, being divorced and belonging to a low socioeconomic group the most likely risk. Factors that generally imply negative attitudes towards a person with depression were also seen as a likely cause. Public beliefs about mental health issues provide important information which can be used to promote mental health and develop services, in order to tackle depression as a public health issue. Keywords: Public beliefs, depression, causes, risks. Útdráttur Geðrænir sjúkdómar, líkt og þunglyndi, eru taldir ein stærsta lýðheilsuáskorun í Evrópu þar sem gera má ráð fyrir að einn af hverjum fjórum finni fyrir einkennum þunglyndis einhvern tíma á ævinni. Algengi örorku vegna geð- eða hegðunarröskunar fer vaxandi á Íslandi og að sama skapi notkun þunglyndislyfja. Rannsóknir á viðhorfum fólks til heilsu og sjúkdóma getur gefið mikilvægar upplýsingar um hvaða skilning almenningur leggur í ýmis heilsutengd málefni. Að sama skapi geta hugmyndir fólks um orsakir geðræns vanda gefið vísbendingar um hvort og þá einnig hvert fólk leitar eftir faglegri aðstoð og hvaða augum það lítur einstaklinga sem greinast með geðsjúkdóm. Í þessari grein er forrannsókn á viðhorfum Íslendinga til orsaka- og áhættuþátta þunglyndis lýst. Gögnum var safnað með spurningalista sem þátttakendur brugðust við eftir að hafa lesið stutta lýsingu á einstaklingi með þunglyndi. Notað var 100 manna hentugleikaúrtak og svarhlutfallið var 85%. Lýsandi tölfræði var beitt við greiningu gagna og óstikuð próf notuð til að bera saman breytur. Almennt töldu þátttakendur orsaka- og áhættuþætti vera margþætta og tengjast erfðum, skorti á bjargráðum og persónueinkennum. Félagslegir streituvaldar voru þó álitnir eiga stærstan þátt í þunglyndi en á ólíkan máta. Þannig voru streituvaldar eins og erfiðleikar í barnæsku og vandi í daglegu lífi, taldir líklegustu orsakaþættirnir, en það að vera atvinnulaus, hafa skilið eða slitið sambúð og tilheyra tekjulægsta samfélagshópnum líklegustu áhættuþættirnir. Atriði sem almennt fela í sér neikvæð viðhorf til þess sem er þunglyndur voru einnig metin sem líkleg orsök. Viðhorf almennings til orsaka- og áhættuþátta þunglyndis gefa mikilvægar vísbendingar sem geta nýst til að efla geðheilbrigði, þróa þjónustu við hæfi bregðast við þunglyndi sem lýðheilsuvanda. Lykilorð: Viðhorf almennings, þunglyndi, orsök, áhætta

Analisis Proses Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia pada PT. Daya Cipta Andalan Persada Surabaya

Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) memiliki peranan penting dalam proses pencapaian keberhasilan visi dan misi Perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses perencanaan SDM pada PT. Daya Cipta Andalan persada di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi, dalam penentuan narasumber menggunakan purposive sampling, dan untuk menguji keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses perencanaan sumber daya manusia di PT. Daya Cipta Andalan Persada Surabaya masih perlu ditingkatkan untuk memaksimalkan peran sumber daya manusia di Perusahaan. Peneliti menemukan proses perencanaan sumber daya manusia di Perusahaan dilakukan melalui aktivitas peramalan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia dimasa depan untuk memastikan persediaan dan permintaan sumber daya manusia. Sedangkan aktivitas perencanaan program berkaitan dengan pencapaian tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dapat atau telah dicapai secara konsisten (manajemen kinerja) dan berkaitan dengan aktivitas pengelolaan pengembangan karir karyawan (manajemen karir)

IMPORT DEMAND FOR RICE IN THE EEC: IMPLICATIONS OF U.S. MARKET PROMOTION

Demand and Price Analysis,

Effects of Acute Cold Exposure on Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Background and Aims: The underlying cause of the majority of the cases of CVD is atherosclerosis, which is a condition initiated and progressed by chronic inflammation and hyperlipidemia. We are interested in evaluating the efficacy of cold-exposure to increase shivering- and non-shivering thermogenesis energy expenditure (RMR) as a non-pharmaceutical weight loss tool analogous to low intensity exercise. Naturally, we are concurrently evaluating the possible effects of cold exposure on risk factors associated with CVD risk. Inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators are used as biomarkers for CVD risk. This proposed study aims to measure cardiovascular inflammatory and lipid biomarkers to expand our knowledge of cold exposure and CVD risk. The two biomarkers collected during this study were Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-β) and Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2). The hypothesis was that there would be no change in biomarker values before and after cold exposure. Methods: Twenty subjects were recruited and subjected to a 30-min cold exposure test while a metabolic cart collected metabolic data via indirect calorimetry. Venous plasma collected at: pre cold exposure, immediately after cold exposure, and 2 hours post cold exposure was centrifuged for subsequent biomarkers analysis. Results: RMR increases dramatically during acute cold exposure during shivering and remains increased 5 minutes after the cessation of shivering. Five minutes post-cold exposure, RMR rapidly decreases to pre-cold exposure RMR and is maintained for up to 120 minutes. There was no change in CCL2 values when comparing the three stages. IL-β values increased between blood draws immediately after cold exposure and 2 hours post cold exposure, however this increase was not statistically significant. Conclusions: With these pilot results, we conclude that cold exposure has no effect on biomarkers for CVD risk. However, this study was limited by 1) accuracy of analysis techniques, 2) cold exposure protocol, 3) analysis of only two representative biomarkers. Further biomarker analysis is underway for a more comprehensive picture of the purported cold exposure effects

International genetic, cytogenetic and germplasm resources for cotton genomics and genetic improvement

A general understanding of the nature, uses and need of cotton germplasm collections is important to maintaining support for them and their utilization. Such support is vital to addressing the future challenges and needs of cotton, which will be many and varied. The solutions to many of these challenges will be genetic, and involve the scientific utilization of cotton genetic and germplasm resources. In this presentation, we will look at a number of key sites from around the world, to illustrate the types of genetic, cytogenetic and germplasm collections that exist. The taxa that constitute cotton germplasm can be categorized into primary, secondary and tertiary "gene pools" that progressively connote both the relative difficulty of introgression and their likelihood of harboring new genetic diversity. We will exemplify past and ongoing usage. Patterns of introgression reflect the gene-pool classifications. The International Cotton Genome Initiative (ICGI) is facilitating globalization of scientific interactions that affect these collections, their access, and their contributions to cotton science and genetic improvement - these will benefit cotton worldwide. Lastly, we will look at what the near future may bring in the way of new paradigms for utilization of genetic stocks, cytogenetic stocks, germplasm and molecular markers in cotton science and genetic improvement. (Résumé d'auteur

Energy Expenditure following Acute Cold Exposure

TACSM Abstract - Energy Expenditure following Acute Cold Exposure Stelly S, Bravo D, Hines N, Koehler L, Levi M and Fogt D Exercise Biochemistry & Metabolism Laboratory; Department of Kinesiology, Health & Nutrition; The University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, TX Category: Masters Advisor / Mentor: Fogt, Donovan ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Whole body energy expenditure (i.e., RMR) increases during acute cold exposure. Whether this increase in energy expenditure persists in the post-cold term in humans due to non-shivering thermogenesis has not yet been evaluated. Therefore we tested the hypothesis that RMR would be different directly following acute cold exposure. RMR (kcal•min-1) was assessed via indirect calorimetry on eight (8) males and seven (7) females at six time points: prior to cold exposure (T1), at the end of 30 minutes of cold exposure (T2), immediately post-cold-post-shivering (T3), at 35 minutes post-cold (T4), at 75 minutes post-cold (T5), and at 115 minutes post-cold (T6). This RMR data for the aforementioned time points was analyzed using paired, dependent t-tests and one way ANOVA; the significance level was placed at p \u3c 0.05. The RMR data for each time point was as follows: T1 (1.19±0.21), T2 (2.30±0.94), T3 (1.37±0.25), T4 (1.12±0.19), T5 (1.14±0.22), and T6 (1.14±0.22). The analysis of the RMR data showed a significant difference between the cold (T2) data and all other time points (T1, T3, T4, T5, and T6). Additionally there was a significant difference between the pre-cold (T1) and the immediately post-cold (T3) data. However there was no significant difference between the pre-cold (T1) data when compared with the remaining post-cold data (T4 – T6). These results suggest that the human body is capable of returning RMR to baseline levels relatively immediately following the cessation of acute cold exposure

Photosynthesis dependent acidification of perialgal vacuoles in theParamedum bursaria/Chlorella symbiosis. Visualization by monensin

After treatment with the carboxylic ionophore monensin theChlorella containing perialgal vacuoles of the greenParamecium bursaria swell. TheParamecium cells remain motile at this concentration for at least one day. The swelling is only observed in illuminated cells and can be inhibited by DCMU. We assume that during photosynthesis the perialgal vacuoles are acidified and that monensin exchanges H+ ions against monovalent cations (here K+). In consequence the osmotic value of the vacuoles increases. The proton gradient is believed to drive the transport of maltose from the symbiont into the host. Another but light independent effect of the monensin treatment is the swelling of peripheral alveoles of the ciliates, likewise indicating that the alveolar membrane contains an active proton pump