Flexibility and Interaction at a Distance: A Mixed-Model Environment For Language Learning

This article reports on the process of design and development of two language courses for university students at beginning levels of competence. Following a preliminary experience in a low-tech environment for distance language learning and teaching, and a thorough review of the available literature, we identified two major challenges that would need to be addressed in our design: (1) a necessity to build sufficient flexibility into the materials to cater to a variety of learners' styles, interests and skill levels, therefore sustaining learners' motivation; and (2) a need to design materials that would present the necessary requisites of authenticity and interactivity identified in the examined literature, in spite of the reduced opportunities for face-to-face communication. In response to these considerations, we designed and developed learning materials and tasks to be distributed on CD-ROM, complemented by a WebCT component for added interactivity and task authenticity. Although only part of the original design was implemented, and further research is needed to assess the impact of our environment on learning outcomes, the results of preliminary evaluations are encouraging

Quantitative Riemann existence theorem over a number field

Given a covering of the projective line with ramifications defined over a number field, we define a plain model of the algebraic curve realizing the Riemann existence theorem for this covering, and bound explicitly the defining equation of this curve and its definition field.Comment: 23 pages, version 4, minor change

How angry can you be in French and Italian? Integrating research and teaching for the development of pragmatic competencies in L2 classrooms

In recent years, discourse analysis has contributed to raising language practitioners’ awareness of the pragmatic aspects of culture in language and communication. However, the application of research data to teaching has often been limited to ESL contexts. On the other hand, the need to use research data in teaching cross-cultural pragmatic competence has been strongly advocated in the literature on SLA (Kasper, 1997), in view of the well-documented absence of the socio-pragmatic aspects of language/culture from foreign language textbooks (Liddicoat, 1997). In this paper we illustrate the rationale, as well as the main theoretical and practical aspects, of a research project designed to allow closer interaction between our research and teaching activities. In 2003, we initiated a cross-cultural investigation of emotion display and self-disclosure by Anglo-Australian, French and Italian speakers, based on the observation and analysis of non-verbal behaviour displayed in contemporary feature films. Following a discussion of issues that pertain to our research, we suggest ways in which our results can be brought into the classroom, with a view to provide opportunities for the development of socio-pragmatic competence in learners of French and Italian

Smiling and teasing as strategies masking anger among French and Australian cultural groups

This paper reports on an ongoing project that is concerned with the interpretation and processing of emotion in communication, particularly anger, within an interactional dynamics perspective (Holtgraves, 1990). In a previous publication (Strambi & Mrowa 2007), we presented an analytical model and some preliminary analyses of ‘processing’ strategies for managing the communication of anger among friends across three cultural groups: Anglo-Australian, French and Italian. In this paper, we are presenting further elaborations on this model, and analyses from a non-verbal perspective of how smiling and teasing function in the construction and negotiation of anger scenarios among French and Anglo-Australian groups

Socialising learners into emotion communication in a L2: Establishing a link between research data and classroom-based activities. [abstract].

In this paper, we explore ways in which the results of our studies on emotion communication across cultures can be used as a starting point for material and activity design, within a language socialization approach. Starting from theoretical and pedagogical considerations, we will illustrate our rationale for material design, demonstrate some sample activities and suggest implementation strategies, as well as methods for evaluation

A Systematic Review Investigating the Presence of Inflammatory Synovitis in Hip and Knee Joint Replacement Surgery.

Synovial tissue can display an inflammatory response in the presence of OA. There is increasing interest to better understand the role of inflammation in OA, particularly with regard to those who require joint replacement. A systematic review of inflammatory synovitis in OA of literature databases was undertaken from their inception until October 14, 2014. Independent critical appraisal of each study was undertaken using the CASP appraisal tool. From a total of sixty-six identified citations, twenty-three studies were deemed eligible for review. The studies presented moderate to strong methodological quality. Strong correlation was identified between histological and imaging synovitis severity. Correlation was weaker between clinical symptoms and imaging and/or histological synovitis severity. There was little consensus, with regard to expressed cytokines and chemokines at the different stages of OA disease progression. Few studies investigated the influence of inflammatory synovitis on the outcome of major joint replacement. Research into inflammatory synovitis in OA is an emerging field. Longitudinal studies applying proven imaging modalities, histological analysis, and longer follow-up are required in order to further define our understanding of the role of synovitis in the pathogenesis of OA and its effects on outcomes following major joint replacement

Parkinsonism with excessive daytime sleepiness: A narcolepsy-like disorder?

Abstract : Background : Parkinsonian patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), hallucinations, REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), short mean sleep latencies, and sleep-onset REM periods (SOREMP) on multiple sleep latency tests (MSLT) have been reported. In these patients a narcolepsy-like pathophysiology of sleep-wake disturbances has been suggested. Patients and methods : We studied 14 consecutive patients with Parkinsonism and EDS. Standard studies included assessment of duration and severity of Parkinsonism (Hoehn & Yahr score), Epworth sleepiness score (ESS), history of "REM-symptoms” (RBD/hallucinations/sleep paralysis/cataplexy-like episodes), polysomnography (PSG),MSLT, and measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of hypocretin-1 (orexin A). Results : There were 12 men and 2 women (mean age 69 years; range 54-82). The mean duration and the Hoehn & Yahr score were 6.3 years and 2.2, respectively. Diagnoses included idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD, n=10), dementia with diffuse Lewy bodies (n=3), and multisystem atrophy (n=1). The ESS was ≥10 in all patients (mean 12; range 10-18). "REM-symptoms” were reported by all but two patients (hallucinations: n=9; RBD: n=9).None of the patients reported cataplexy-like symptoms or sleep paralysis. On PSG sleep apnea (apnea hypopnea index > 10/h, n=7), periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS-index > 10/h, n=6), and features of RBD (n=5) were found. On MSLT mean sleep latency was < 5 minutes in 10 patients, and SOREMP were found in two patients. When compared with controls (n=20, mean 497 pg/ml; range 350-603), CSF hypocretin-1 levels were normal in 8 patients and low in 2 patients (221 and 307 pg/ml, respectively). Conclusion : These findings do not support the hypothesis of a "final common pathway” in the pathophysiology of narcolepsy and Parkinsonism with EDS. Sleep apnea and PLMS may play a so-far underestimated role in the pathogenesis of EDS in Parkinsonian patient

Structure Prediction and Validation of the ERK8 Kinase Domain

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 8 (ERK8) has been already implicated in cell transformation and in the protection of genomic integrity and, therefore, proposed as a novel potential therapeutic target for cancer. In the absence of a crystal structure, we developed a three-dimensional model for its kinase domain. To validate our model we applied a structure- based virtual screening protocol consisting of pharmacophore screening and molecular docking. Experimental characterization of the hit compounds confirmed that a high percentage of the identified scaffolds was able to inhibit ERK8. We also confirmed an ATP competitive mechanism of action for the two best-performing molecules. Ultimately, we identified an ERK8 drug-resistant \u27\u27gatekeeper\u27\u27 mutant that corroborated the predicted molecular binding mode, confirming the reliability of the generated structure. We expect that our model will be a valuable tool for the development of specific ERK8 kinase inhibitors

Food districts as a form of local food system governance Regulated by italian law

In Italian law there is no definition of “local food systems” (LFSs). However, for more than twenty years Italian institutions at State and Regional level have been promoting LFSs to encourage local development and the transition towards more inclusive and sustainable food systems. The article analyses Food Districts, as the only form of LFS organization and governance regulated by State law and implemented by regional legislation. Starting from the exam of the evolution of the “district” paradigm in agri-food legislation, underlining the model of multilevel governance and the application of the subsidiarity principle, it focuses on the original approach of Tuscany in supporting Food Districts. It is, in fact, the only Italian Region that has chosen to register in the National List of FDs the “Roads” of wine, olive oil and other typical agri-food products, as well as the “Communities of food and biodiversity for agriculture and food”. Finally, the article examines the last step of the evolution of the Italian legislation on the promotion of “districts” in agri-food sector, the “typical Italian product districts”, highlighting the different ratio legis with respect to FDs

Quantitative Chevalley-Weil theorem for curves

The classical Chevalley-Weil theorem asserts that for an \'etale covering of projective varieties over a number field K, the discriminant of the field of definition of the fiber over a K-rational point is uniformly bounded. We obtain a fully explicit version of this theorem in dimension 1.Comment: version 4: minor inaccuracies in Lemma 3.4 and Proposition 5.2 correcte