Studies on Metabolic, Enzyme and Mineral Profile in Growing Bannur Female Sheep

Small ruminants such as sheep and goats play important role in the livestock subsector of India. The present study was conducted to ascertain the metabolic growth indicators during different stages of growth in Bannur female sheep maintained at Bandur Breeding Farm, Danagur Village, Malavalli Taluk, Mandya District. Twenty four female sheep divided into four groups with six animals in each group such as Group I (>3 to 5 months), Group II (>5 to 7 months), Group III (>7 to 9 months) and Group IV (>9 to 11 months) were utilized in the present study. The blood samples were collected from jugular vein at fortnightly intervals for two months (15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day). Each time about 5 to 8 ml of blood was collected in clot activated vacutainer. A drop of blood during collection was immediately processed for estimation of blood glucose and β- hydroxybutyrate (BHB). Serum samples were immediately processed for estimation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatine kinase (CK) activity and for metabolic indicators such as serum total protein.  It was found that the blood glucose, serum total protein, serum total cholesterol and potassium levels were increased significantly in advanced stages of age compared to early stage of growth. However, the BHB levels were constant in different age groups, calcium and phosphorus levels did not differ with respect to age. The ALP and CK activity reduced as the age advanced. It was concluded that the levels of blood glucose, BHB, potassium, ALP, CK and body weight gain could be used as physiological indicators of growth in Bannur female sheep to ascertain growth and the same can be extrapolated to other breeds of sheep

Pentapartitioned Single-Valued Neutrosophic Z-Numbers: Theory and Applications

This paper introduces a novel framework, Pentapartitioned Single-Valued Neutrosophic Z-Numbers (PSVNZNs), to model uncertainty in decision-making problems. By integrating the five-component uncertainty representation of Pentapartitioned Neutrosophic Sets (PNSs) with the reliability aspect of Z-numbers, PSVNZNs offer a comprehensive approach to tackle complex decision scenarios. A novel scoring function and various aggregation operators, including weighted arithmetic, geometric, and hybrid averages, are developed to facilitate decision-making processes. The proposed PSVNZN framework adheres to the properties of linear averaging operators. To demonstrate its practical application, a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem involving electric vehicle selection is considered. A graphical representation of the obtained scores further enhances the clarity and interpretability of the results

A Novel Approach in Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Sets with its Weighted Arithmetic Averaging Operator

The aim of this paper is to introduce the heptapartitioned neutrosophic weighted arithmetic averaging operator and also some of its basic algebraic properties of heptapartitioned neutrosophic set. A score and accuracy function of heptapartitioned neutrosophic set has been established. With the proposed score function, accuracy function and averaging operator a multicriterion decision making problem has been solved and ranked with their alternatives by using TOPSIS technique with different weightages which has been compared with the MOORA method