Alley farming in the humid zone: Linking crop and livestock production

Review of work being carried out by ILCA's Humid Zone Programme based at Ibadan, Nigeria to improve small ruminant production in this area. Evaluates ways of linking crop & small ruminant production through the use of fast growing leguminous trees such as Leucaena leucocephala & Gliricidia sepium which can provide both high quality fodder & mineral rich mulch for crop production; with particular reference to the cut-and-carry feeding of browse to small ruminants & a partial budget analysis of short-term fallow grazing & continuous cropping

The changing politics of agronomy research

The context in which agronomy research takes place has changed fundamentally over the last 40 years, with important implications for the discipline. Systematic study of the new politics of agronomy is particularly important in an era when the whole basis of global and sustainable food security is under question. One critical challenge is to analyse the forces driving claims on the universality of technology and approaches

Production and marketing of vegetables in the Port-au-Prince peri-urban area. A sub-sector study for CARE International in Haiti

This is the report of a study of vegetable production and marketing in the Port-au Prince peri-urban area undertaken for CARE International in Haiti during January 1994. The objective of the study was to describe the structure, extent and dynamics of the sub-sector in order to identify potential programme opportunities

Small ruminant production under pressure: The example of goats in southeast Nigeria

Presents preliminary assessment of animals' performance under a free-roaming and movement-restricted production system and farmers' responses to changed husbandry practices in southeast Nigeria; with particular reference to flock dynamics & male to female ratio; reproductive performance; growth rate; mortality; and farmers management & breeding strategy

Economic analysis of alley farming with small ruminants

Evaluates alley farming models with small ruminants based on field and experimental data from southwest Nigeria, and compares them to basic alley cropping and to fallow systems. Describes the basic fallow model, the basic alley cropping model without animals, the alley farming model with goats, as well as with sheep

Young people, agriculture, and employment in rural Africa

This paper examines the current interest in addressing the problem of young people's unemployment in Africa through agriculture. Using notions of transitions and mobilities we set out a transformative work and opportunity space framework that privileges difference and diversity among work opportunities, rural areas and young people. We argue that policy and programmes that seek to engage young people with agriculture must be more realistic, rooted in more context-specific economic and social analysis, and appreciative of the variety of ways that rural men and women use agriculture to serve their needs and interests

The Influence of format on accessibility

The initial idea for this thesis project stems from an interest in artists\u27 books. Of particular interest is the way in which the physical format of the book can be an integral part of the artistic concept. Artists\u27 books are books as art rather than books about artists or their work. As such, they exceed the boundaries of conventional expectations. They are about themselves, not simply passive vehicles for carrying information. The reader experiences an artist\u27s book in much the same way the viewer experiences a painting, a sculpture, or a ceramic vase. The format for carrying information is as important in conveying the information as the text or images. This thesis project deals with the significance of format in a design investigation. Its primary goal is to understand how a change in format may influence the accessibility of information. In this project format is defined as the physical vehicle in which information is carried, page size and configuration, as opposed to composition. The following hypothesis states the assumption underlying this thesis project A format in conventional print media is as important in successfully conveying a message as are the text or images. The original intent of the project was to compile and synthesize existing research related to the thesis topic. The expected outcome was a reference guide for designers to aid in the understanding of the influence of format on the accessibility of information. It became clear as the literature search progressed that very little research exists in support of the above hypothesis. Consequently, the direction of the project changed, and it became necessary to conduct primary research in orderto support and extend this study. The investigation focused on the comparison of four different formats. The four formats were: a poster, a sequence of single pages, a barrel fold, and a mufti-directional fold. A series of exercises were selected to explore a range of visual variables, including size, weight, and orientation, as applied to each of the four formats. The sections that follow describe and present the results of this research

Introduction: Foresight in International Development

This article introduces this special issue of the IDS Bulletin on Foresight in International Development. It argues that foresight should be at the centre of development studies, and suggests two reasons why this is not the case. The four-year Institute of Development Studies research stream on foresight in policy-oriented research is introduced, as are the articles that make up this issue of the IDS Bulletin