Monitoring Movement Behaviour of Caenorhabditis elegans in Response to Formaldehyde at Low Concentrations

Abstract.-This study describes a new approach for assessing toxic response behaviour of Caenorhabditis elegans by automatic recognition of line movement through an image-processing system. The movement behaviour of this nematode is different even at low concentrations of formaldehyde. A comparison of the response behaviour of this animal at different concentrations of formaldehyde has shown concentration-dependent toxicity. This study has identified some sequential line-movements on nematodes that confirmed the toxicological effect on nematode behaviour

Pooling and expanding registries of familial hypercholesterolaemia to assess gaps in care and improve disease management and outcomes : Rationale and design of the global EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration

Background: The potential for global collaborations to better inform public health policy regarding major non-hypercholesterolaemia (FH), a common genetic disorder associated with premature cardiovascular disease, is yet to be reliably ascertained using similar approaches. The European Atherosclerosis Society FH Studies Collaboration (EAS FHSC) is a new initiative of international stakeholders which will help establish a global FH registry to generate large-scale, robust data on the burden of FH worldwide. Methods: The EAS FHSC will maximise the potential exploitation of currently available and future FH data (retrospective and prospective) by bringing together regional/national/international data sources with access to individuals with a clinical and/or genetic diagnosis of heterozygous or homozygous FH. A novel bespoke electronic platform and FH Data Warehouse will be developed to allow secure data sharing, validation, cleaning, pooling, harmonisation and analysis irrespective of the source or format. Standard statistical procedures will allow us to investigate cross-sectional associations, patterns of real-world practice, trends over time, and analyse risk and outcomes (e.g. cardiovascular outcomes, all-cause death), accounting for potential confounders and subgroup effects. Conclusions: The EAS FHSC represents an excellent opportunity to integrate individual efforts across the world to tackle the global burden of FH. The information garnered from the registry will help reduce gaps in knowledge, inform best practices, assist in clinical trials design, support clinical guidelines and policies development, and ultimately improve the care of FH patients. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Peer reviewe

The Effect of Hepatitis B on Humans

The aim of the study is to know the effect of the hepatitis B virus on humans, how the virus is transmitted, what is the method of preventing it, and what treatment is used to alleviate the severity of the disease. The questionnaire was designed via the Google Drive application and distributed via the social networking application (WhatsApp), with complete transparency to the population targeted by the research. The city of Mecca, from the age of (25-55 years), where 550 questionnaires were distributed via social media application groups (WhatsApp) according to available conditions (distancing), and answers to 525 questionnaires were obtained

Clinical Management in Diagnosis and Treatment of the Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults: Systemic Review

This study aimed at exploring with a systematic review the clinical management in diagnosis and treatment of the iron deficiency anemia in adults, as the iron deficiency is the most frequent cause of anemia worldwide. And it impairs quality of life, increases asthenia and can lead to clinical worsening of patients. In addition, iron deficiency has a complex mechanism whose pathologic pathway is recently becoming better understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding diagnostic algorithms for iron deficiency anemia. The majority of aetiologies occur in the digestive tract, and justify morphological examination of the gut. First line investigations are upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy, and when negative, the small bowel should be explored; newer tools such as video capsule endoscopy have also been developed. The treatment of iron deficiency is aetiological if possible and iron supplementation whether in oral or in parenteral form.

The Effect of Mycotoxins on Human Health

The aim of the current study is, what are mycotoxins, what are the risks of mycotoxins on human health, where are mycotoxins found in nature, and what are the health effects of mycotoxins on humans. the questionnaire was created electronically via the Google Drive program, and then it was distributed via mobile phone on the social networking program (WhatsApp)? Using e-mail for all participants to respond to the questionnaire. 650 questionnaires were distributed to all mobile groups, and 600 questionnaires were received on the researcher’s e-mail. (The target group is residents of the holy city of Mecca, aged 25-55 years)

INVESTIGATING THE ACTIVE CHEMICALS IN BAY LEAVES IN SUPPRESSING MICROBES AND IMPROVING THE SENSORY PROPERTIES OF CHILLED CHICKEN MEAT

This study aimed to qualitatively identify the active components in bay leaf extracts and their inhibitory function. While saponins and glycosides were absent, the research did find flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, and terpenes. The investigation showed that the alcoholic extract (ethanol 99.8%) outperformed the aqueous extract in preventing the development and activities of four different types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The space created by the alcoholic extract was surrounded by a clear zone measuring 18.8, 15.5, 19.48, and 16.8 mm in diameter for the Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus culture media, respectively compared to the 10.5, 8.5, 9.4, and 9.1 mm for the aqueous extract. In that order, 1.5% of the alcoholic extract was added at a rate of 0.5, 0.57, and 1.0%. The study's findings also showed that, after 12 days of refrigeration, adding varying amounts of alcoholic extract to chicken meat greatly enhanced its microbiological quality. In the treatment containing 1.5% of the alcoholic extract, the total count of microorganisms, psychrophilic and coliform, reached 7.470, 4.950, and 3.823 cfu\gram, while in the control it was 9.695, 5.873, and 5.386 cfu\gram, respectively. Also, after 12 days of refrigerated storage, the addition of the alcoholic extract enhanced all sensory aspects of the chicken meat as well as its overall level of acceptability

One-step, kit-based radiopharmaceuticals for molecular SPECT imaging:a versatile diphosphine chelator for 99mTc radiolabelling of peptides

Radiotracers labelled with technetium-99m (99mTc) enable accessible diagnostic imaging of disease, provided that radiotracer preparation is simple. Whilst 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals for imaging perfusion are routinely prepared from kits, and regularly used in healthcare, there are no 99mTc-labelled receptor-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in widespread clinical use. This is in part due to the multistep radiosyntheses required for the latter. We demonstrate that the diphosphine, 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic anhydride (BMA), is an excellent platform for preparation of kit-based, receptor-targeted 99mTc-labelled radiotracers: its conjugates are simple to prepare and can be easily labelled with 99mTc using one-step, kit-based protocols. Here, reaction of BMA with the αvβ3-integrin receptor targeted cyclic peptide, Arg-Gly-Asp-DPhe-Lys (RGD), provided the first diphosphine-peptide conjugate, DP-RGD. DP-RGD was incorporated into a "kit", and addition of a saline solution containing 99mTcO4- to this kit, followed by heating, furnished the radiotracer [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ in consistently high radiochemical yields (&gt;90%). The analogous [ReO2(DP-RGD)2]+ compound was prepared and characterised, revealing that both [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ and [ReO2(DP-RGD)2]+ consist of a mixture of cis and trans geometric isomers. Finally, [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ exhibited high metabolic stability, and selectively targeted αvβ3-integrin receptors, enabling in vivo SPECT imaging of αvβ3-integrin receptor expression in mice.</p

α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from Mimosa pudica L.

The aim of the study was to isolate digestive enzymes inhibitors from Mimosa pudica through a bioassay-guided fractionation approach. Repeated silica gel and sephadex LH 20 column chromatographies of bioactive fractions afforded stigmasterol, quercetin and avicularin as digestive enzymes inhibitors whose IC50 values as compared to acarbose (351.02 ± 1.46 μg mL−1) were found to be as 91.08 ± 1.54, 75.16 ± 0.92 and 481.7 ± 0.703 μg mL−1, respectively. In conclusion, M. pudica could be a good and safe source of digestive enzymes inhibitors for the management of diabetes in future