Fluid physics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer experiments in space

An overstudy committee was formed to study and recommend fundamental experiments in fluid physics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer for experimentation in orbit, using the space shuttle system and a space laboratory. The space environment, particularly the low-gravity condition, is an indispensable requirement for all the recommended experiments. The experiments fell broadly into five groups: critical-point thermophysical phenomena, fluid surface dynamics and capillarity, convection at reduced gravity, non-heated multiphase mixtures, and multiphase heat transfer. The Committee attempted to assess the effects of g-jitter and other perturbations of the gravitational field on the conduct of the experiments. A series of ground-based experiments are recommended to define some of the phenomena and to develop reliable instrumentation

Review: Monsters

A review of the 2021 book by Barry Windsor-Smith, “Monsters,” for inclusion in ARLIS/NA's 2021 Notable Graphic Novels Review

PodcastRE

Review: PodcastRE is an interface resource to preserve podcasts and collect links and metadata records. Website users can search the database, analyze the metadata using visualization tools, and stream the audio if the original feed is still available online. PodcastRE(search) is founded and directed by Dr. Jeremy Morris of University of Wisconsin Madison and funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the University of Wisconsin-Madison

Findings of a review of spacecraft fire safety needs

Discussions from a workshop to guide UCLA and NASA investigators on the state of knowledge and perceived needs in spacecraft fire safety and its risk management are reviewed, for an introduction to an analytical and experimental project in this field. The report summarizes the workshop discussions and includes the visual aids used in the presentations. Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) methods, which are currently not used, would be of great value to the designs and operation of future human-crew spacecraft. Key points in the discussions were the importance of understanding and testing smoldering as a likely fire scenario in space and the need for smoke damage modeling, since many fire-risk models ignore this mechanism and consider only heat damage

Review: Mischief Making: Michael Nicoll Yahgulanaas, Art, and the Seriousness of Play

Book review of Mischief Making: Michael Nicoll Yahgulanaas, Art, and the Seriousness of Play by Nicola Levell. University of British Columbia Press distributed by the University of Chicago Press, December 2021. ISBN 978-0-7748-6736-8 (pbk.), $32.95. Reviewed March 2022 by Freyja T. Catton, Independent artist, author, and librarian, [email protected]

Review: Creating Connections: Self-Taught Artists in the Rosenthal Collection

Book review of Creating Connections: Self-Taught Artists in the Rosenthal Collection, edited by Julie Aronson et al. D Giles Limited, June 2023. 176 p. ill. ISBN 978-1-913875-41-1 (h/c), $35.00. Reviewed September 2023 by Freyja T. Catton, Writer, Wordeater Consulting , [email protected]

An ontology for strongly sustainable business models: Defining an enterprise framework compatible with natural and social science

Business is increasingly employing sustainability practices, aiming to improve environmental and social responsibility while maintaining and improving profitability. For many organizations, profit-oriented business models are a major constraint impeding progress in sustainability. A formally defined ontology, a model definition, for profit-oriented business models has been employed globally for several years. However, no equivalent ontology is available in research or practice that enables the description of strongly sustainable business models, as validated by ecological economics and derived from natural, social, and system sciences. We present a framework of strongly sustainable business model propositions and principles as findings from a transdisciplinary review of the literature. A comparative analysis was performed between the framework and the Osterwalder profit-oriented ontology for business models. We introduce an ontology that enables the description of successful strongly sustainable business models that resolves weaknesses and includes functionally necessary relationships

Risk-based Spacecraft Fire Safety Experiments

Viewgraphs on risk-based spacecraft fire safety experiments are presented. Spacecraft fire risk can never be reduced to a zero probability. Probabilistic risk assessment is a tool to reduce risk to an acceptable level

HDAC inhibitor confers radiosensitivity to prostate stem-like cells

Background: Radiotherapy can be an effective treatment for prostate cancer, but radiorecurrent tumours do develop. Considering prostate cancer heterogeneity, we hypothesised that primitive stem-like cells may constitute the radiation-resistant fraction. Methods: Primary cultures were derived from patients undergoing resection for prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia. After short-term culture, three populations of cells were sorted, reflecting the prostate epithelial hierarchy, namely stem-like cells (SCs, α2β1integrinhi/CD133+), transit-amplifying (TA, α2β1integrinhi/CD133−) and committed basal (CB, α2β1integrinlo) cells. Radiosensitivity was measured by colony-forming efficiency (CFE) and DNA damage by comet assay and DNA damage foci quantification. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to measure heterochromatin. The HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitor Trichostatin A was used as a radiosensitiser. Results: Stem-like cells had increased CFE post irradiation compared with the more differentiated cells (TA and CB). The SC population sustained fewer lethal double-strand breaks than either TA or CB cells, which correlated with SCs being less proliferative and having increased levels of heterochromatin. Finally, treatment with an HDAC inhibitor sensitised the SCs to radiation. Interpretation: Prostate SCs are more radioresistant than more differentiated cell populations. We suggest that the primitive cells survive radiation therapy and that pre-treatment with HDAC inhibitors may sensitise this resistant fraction