A rare cause of acute abdominal distention: opening of the pancreatic duct into hydatic cyst

WOS: 000390310900027PubMed ID: 27606660Introduction. Hydatid cyst, which is caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is mostly seen in the liver and lungs although it may also rarely be found in any organ or soft tissue. This study presents an interesting case of pancreatic hydatid cyst in which the pancreatic duct opened into this cyst. Case report. A 10-year-old boy presented to our clinic with significant abdominal distension and pain in the epigastric region which had started 10 days previously. Serum amylase level was 3709 U/L and hemagglutination inhibition for hydatid disease was 1/160. At abdominal computed tomography, two separate lesions and ascites were determined, a CE2 hydatid cyst in the region of the tail of the pancreas and a CE1 hydatid cyst in the left lobe of the liver. Percutaneous drainage was applied to the cyst in the pancreatic tail, and the patient was started on albendazole. The drainage catheter was removed, and the patient has since been followed-up on an outpatient basis with no complications

Neuroenteric cyst with both thoracic and spinal component: A neonatal case report [Yenidogan döneminde torasik ve spinal kanal komponentli olan nöroenterik kist: Bir vaka takdimi]

Neuroenteric cysts are rare congenital lesions and they appear due to defect in leaving of notocord from foregut. A definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination. Here is a case of a neonate with neuroenteric cyst that is presented by both the thoracic and spinal canal component. Spinal canal component of the neuroenteric cysts must not be forgotten, if there is a suspicion of posterior mediastinal neuroenteric cysts in prenatal ultrasonographic examination. In the diagnosis and treatment of neuroenteric cyst, radiology, surgery, pathology, and neonatology disciplines have to work together

Alterations in Hepatic Gene Expressions of CYP2C11, CYP2C6V, and CYP2D3 Enzymes in Endotoxemic Rats

Amaç: İnsan sitokrom P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), CYP2C19 ve CYP2D6 (sıçanlardaki karşılıkları sırasıyla; CYP2C11, CYP2C6V ve CYP2D3) enzimleri, çok sayıdaki ilacın ve kimyasalın metabolizmasından sorumlu olan ana enzimlerdir. CYP enzim etkinliğindeki değişimler, ilaç toksisitesine veya tedavi yetersizliğine neden olarak hastalığa karşı duyarlılığı etkileyebilir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, sıçanlarda lipopolisakkarit (LPS) ile indüklenen endotoksemi modeli oluşturarak hepatik mikrozomal CYP enzim ekspresyonlarındaki değişimini araştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Wistar albino cinsi erkek sıçanlar kontrol ve LPS olmak üzere iki alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Aynı hacimdeki (1 mL/kg) salin solüsyonu veya LPS maddesi (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneal yolla sıçanlara enjekte edilmiştir. Bu uygulamadan dört saat sonra karaciğer dokuları çıkarılmıştır. CYP enzimlerinin karaciğer mRNA gen ekspresyonları, eş zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ile nicel olarak analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: CYP2C11 ve CYP2C6V'nin karaciğer gen ekspresyonu endotoksemik sıçanlarda 3,35 ve 2,25 kat azalmıştır, ancak CYP2D3 ekspresyonu değişmemiştir.Sonuç: Bulgularımız endotokseminin CYP2C11 ve CYP2C6V aracılı ilaç metabolizmasını değiştirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle endotoksemi ve sepsis bulgusu olan hastalarda bu enzimlerle metabolize edilen ilcaları kullanırken doz ayarlamasına dikkat edilmelidir.Objective: Human cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 (corresponding to rat CYP2C11, CYP2C6V, and CYP2D3, respectively) are the major enzymes responsible for the metabolism of a wide range of drugs and chemicals. Changes in CYP efficiency are associated with disease susceptibility that can lead to drug toxicity or ineffective therapy. We aimed to examine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia on gene expressions of hepatic microsomal CYP enzymes in rats. Material and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were allocated into two subgroups of control and LPS. Saline or LPS (10 mg/kg) of same volume (1 mL/kg) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into rats. After 4 hours, liver tissues were removed. Hepatic mRNA expressions of the CYP enzymes were quantitatively analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Hepatic gene expressions of CYP2C11 and CYP2C6V decreased (3.35 and 2.25 fold, respectively) in the endotoxemic rats; however, CYP2D3 expression did not change. Conclusion: Our results revealed that endotoxemia changes CYP2C11- and CYP2C6V-mediated drug metabolism. Therefore, drug dosage must be cautiously adjusted in the patients with endotoxemia and sepsis

Alterations in Hepatic Gene Expressions of CYP2C11, CYP2C6V, and CYP2D3 Enzymes in Endotoxemic Rats

Objective: Human cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 (corresponding to rat CYP2C11, CYP2C6V, and CYP2D3, respectively) are the major enzymes responsible for the metabolism of a wide range of drugs and chemicals. Changes in CYP efficiency are associated with disease susceptibility that can lead to drug toxicity or ineffective therapy. We aimed to examine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia on gene expressions of hepatic microsomal CYP enzymes in rats