Optimization by nonhierarchical asynchronous decomposition

Large scale optimization problems are tractable only if they are somehow decomposed. Hierarchical decompositions are inappropriate for some types of problems and do not parallelize well. Sobieszczanski-Sobieski has proposed a nonhierarchical decomposition strategy for nonlinear constrained optimization that is naturally parallel. Despite some successes on engineering problems, the algorithm as originally proposed fails on simple two dimensional quadratic programs. The algorithm is carefully analyzed for quadratic programs, and a number of modifications are suggested to improve its robustness

Dynamical Evolution of Boson Stars II: Excited States and Self-Interacting Fields

The dynamical evolution of self-gravitating scalar field configurations in numerical relativity is studied. The previous analysis on ground state boson stars of non-interacting fields is extended to excited states and to fields with self couplings. Self couplings can significantly change the physical dimensions of boson stars, making them much more astrophysically interesting (e.g., having mass of order 0.1 solar mass). The stable ($S$) and unstable ($U$) branches of equilibrium configurations of boson stars of self-interacting fields are studied; their behavior under perturbations and their quasi-normal oscillation frequencies are determined and compared to the non-interacting case. Excited states of boson stars with and without self-couplings are studied and compared. Excited states also have equilibrium configurations with $S$ and $U$ branch structures; both branches are intrinsically unstable under a generic perturbation but have very different instability time scales. We carried out a detailed study of the instability time scales of these configurations. It is found that highly excited states spontaneously decay through a cascade of intermediate states similar to atomic transitions.Comment: 16 pages+ 13 figures . All figures are available at http://wugrav.wustl.edu/Paper

Dynamical evolution of boson stars in Brans-Dicke theory

We study the dynamics of a self-gravitating scalar field solitonic object (boson star) in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke (BD) theory of gravity. We show dynamical processes of this system such as (i) black hole formation of perturbed equilibrium configuration on an unstable branch; (ii) migration of perturbed equilibrium configuration from the unstable branch to stable branch; (iii) transition from excited state to a ground state. We find that the dynamical behavior of boson stars in BD theory is quite similar to that in general relativity (GR), with comparable scalar wave emission. We also demonstrate the formation of a stable boson star from a Gaussian scalar field packet with flat gravitational scalar field initial data. This suggests that boson stars can be formed in the BD theory in much the same way as in GR.Comment: 13 pages by RevTeX, epsf.sty, 16 figures, comments added, refs updated, to appear in Phys. Rev.

IMPROVEMENT OF GROWTH AND SALINITY TOLERANCE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) CV. NAVEEN AND LUNA SANKHI BIOPRIMED WITH OSMOTOLERANT PHYTONIC PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA

Five osmotolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) viz. Bacillus (SV4, W1), Pseudomonas (NR4), Enterobacter (RP8) and Salinicola (S36) spp. were evaluated for enhancement of growth and osmotolerance of rice cv. Naveen (NV) and Luna Sankhi (LS) to select most prospective PGPB to enhance rice production. Biopriming of NV seeds with Salinicola and Pseudomonas spp. increased radical/plumule length, root no., seedling fr./dr. wt. (114.29 - 229.32%) more than three (SV4, W1, RP8) other bacteria (84.62 - 140.48%) and control (100%). Vegetative and reproductive growth of LS seedlings for NR4 (103.33-181.94%) or S36 (108.19- 209.39%) and N:1/2P:K fertilizer co-treatments were either comparable or more than those of sole N:1/2P:K (103.58-195.75%) treatment. LS seedling (7d) growth declined for ≥ 0.21% NaCl (11.61 - 94.74%) and secondary root emergence for ≥ 0.43% NaCl (0%) in petriplate test but S36 (superior) and NR4 priming reduced stress effects, enhanced osmotolerance of seedlings from inherent 6-8 dS/m for 15-21d to 8 dS/m (0.43% NaCl) for 30d in submerged pot test, 12 dS/m (0.7% NaCl) for 30d by S36 treatment in salinity tank and growth components by 124.96-400% over control (12dS/m). Investigations identified S36 and NR4 as prospective osmotolerant PGPB for rice improvement under saline and normal conditions

A case of serpentine coronaries and acute myocardial infarction

Microvascular disease is a prominent feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and leads to Raynaud’s phenomenon, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and scleroderma renal crisis. The presence of macrovascular disease is less well established, and, in particular, it is not known whether the prevalence of coronary heart disease in SSc is increased. We report a case of SSc who presented with evolved myocardial infarction whose angiogram revealed tortuous coronaries and peripheral arteries. Regional wall motion abnormality was not demonstrated on echocardiography. The microvascular dysfunction and vasospasm of coronaries were responsible for the myocardial infarction

MODIFIED WATERSHED TRANSFORM FOR LUNG CANCER DETECTION

The major cause of cancer death is lung cancer. Detection of cancer in the early phase can provide more treatment options, less invasive surgery and increases the survival rate. For lung cancer, if the disease is detected in time, the survival rate of patient increases from 14 to 49% in recent 5 years. It is the most dangerous and widespread disease in the world. The cancer cells present in lung causes lung cancer disease. This cells detection is very important issue for medical researchers. The chances of an effective treatment will significantly increases with early detection.Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging procedure that uses special x-ray equipment to create detailed pictures, or scans, of areas inside the body. It is also called Computerized Tomography and Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT).The CT images are used which are more efficient than X-ray. MATLAB is widely used software for the study of lung cancer detection from CT scan images. The process includes image pre-processing, image segmentation, feature extraction and classification technique. This present work proposes a method to detect the cancerous cells effectively from the lung CT scan images. It will minimize the detection error made by the physician’s naked eye

X-ray studies on crystalline complexes involving amino acids and peptides. XVII. Chirality and molecular aggregation: the crystal structures of DL-arginine DL-glutamate monohydrate and DL-arginine DL-aspartate

DL-Arginine DL-glutamate monohydrate and DL-arginine DL-aspartate, the first DL-DL amino acid-amino acid complexes to be prepared and x-ray analyzed, crystallize in the space group P1 with a = 5.139(2), b = 10.620(1), c = 14.473(2) Å, α = 101.34(1)°, β = 94.08(2)°, γ = 91.38(2)° and a = 5.402(3), b = 9.933(3), c = 13.881(2) Å, α = 99.24(2)°, β = 99.73(3)°, γ = 97.28(3)° , respectively. The structures were solved using counter data and refined to R values of 0.050 and 0.077 for 1827 and 1739 observed reflections, respectively. The basic element of aggregation in both structures is an infinite chain made up of pairs of molecules. Each pair, consisting of a L- and a D-isomer, is stabilized by two centrosymmetrically or nearly centrosymmetrically related hydrogen bonds involving the α-amino and the α-carboxylate groups. Adjacent pairs in the chain are then connected by specific guanidyl-carboxylate interactions. The infinite chains are interconnected through hydrogen bonds to form molecular sheets. The sheets are then stacked along the shortest cell translation. The interactions between sheets involve two head-to-tail sequences in the glutamate complex and one such sequence in the aspartate complex. However, unlike in the corresponding LL and DL complexes, head-to-tail sequences are not the central feature of molecular aggregation in the DL-DL complexes. Indeed, fundamental differences exist among the aggregation patterns in the LL, the LD, and the DL-DL complexes

Qualitative Changes during Storage of Different Ginger-Based Spice Sauces

Ready-to-eat sauces have become a trend in all kinds of meals. Five ginger-based sauces viz., ginger, ginger-black pepper, ginger-nutmeg, ginger-kokum and ginger-nutmeg-kokum were prepared as per standard procedures. Physical, biochemical, microbiological and rheological properties of the sauces were recorded at regular intervals for 135 days. There was no significant variation in physical properties (total soluble solids) during storage but colour value varied significantly. Variation in chemical parameters like pH, content of moisture, proteins, carbohydrates and total sugars was non-significant, but variation in titratable acidity and reducing sugars was significant. Storage period did not affect total plate count, consistency index and flow behavior index of the sauces, which remained constant during the entire storage period. Sensory score of the sauces showed that acceptability was high for ginger sauce, followed by ginger-black pepper and ginger-nutmeg sauce

AXONOMIC STUDIES ON PREDATORY COCCINELLID BEETLES AND THEIR SPECIES COMPOSITION IN RICE ECOSYSTEM OF INDOBANGLADESH BORDER

Ten genera under four tribes of the family Coccinellidae were collected and identified from Indo Bangladesh border in 2009-2010. They are Brumoides suturalis (Fabricius), Chilocorus nigritus (Fabricius), Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, Coccinella transversalis Fabricius, Harmonia octomaculata (Fabricius), Illeis cincta (Fabricius), Micraspis crocea (Fabricius), Propylea sp. nr. japonica (Thunberg), Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant and Scymnus (Scymnus) nubilus Mulsant. Result also revealed that out of ten coccinellid Harmonia octomaculata (Fabricius) (22.9%), Micraspis crocea (Fabricius) (18.5%), Brumoides suturalis (Fabricius) (12.36%) and Chilocorus nigritus (Fabricius) (9.06%) were major predatory coccinellids beetles in rice ecosystems of Indo- Bangladesh border