Use of distributed real-time simulations in ATM validation: Examples based on the analysis of controller – pilot interaction

This paper discusses how the use of distributed simulation setups has already helped validating specific concepts affecting the interaction between controllers and pilots. Coupling ATC- and flight simulation facilities provided the opportunity for a close look at the dynamic effects of new procedures and technologies on the human actors involved

Validation Test Plan PRG

The test plans for two real-time simulations and a field test are documented here. Higher A-SMGCS services were tested in the Prague Airport environment. Aims and objectives, experimental factors and the experiment design are descripted here. Furthermore, the necessary metrics and measurements, the hypotheses that can be accepted or rejected based on the measurements made, and the complete test environment. In addition to that scenario specifications are given and requirements for participants and training of participants are determined. Finally, the conduct of the experiments is described and the envisioned analysis methods is outlined. The document follows the E-OCVM guidelines

Crystallographic Studies on the Ribosome, a Large Macromolecular Assembly Exhibiting Severe Nonisomorphism, Extreme Beam Sensitivity and No Internal Symmetry

Crystals, diffracting best to around 3 Å, have been grown from intact large and small ribosomal subunits. The bright synchrotron radiation necessary for the collection of the higher-resolution X-ray diffraction data introduces significant decay even at cryo temperatures. Nevertheless, owing to the reasonable isomorphism of the recently improved crystals of the small ribosomal subunits, reliable phases have been extracted at medium resolution (5-6 Å) and an interpretable five-derivative MIR map has been constructed. For the crystals of the large subunits, however, the situation is more complicated because at higher resolution (2.7-7 Å) they suffer from substantial radiation sensitivity, a low level of isomorphism, instability of the longest unit-cell axis and nonisotropic mosaicity. The 8 Å MIR map, constructed to gain insight into this unusual system, may provide feasible reasoning for the odd combination of the properties of these crystals as well as hints for future improvement. Parallel efforts, in which electron-microscopy-reconstructed images are being exploited for molecular-replacement studies, are also discussed

Crystallographic Studies on the Ribosome, a Large Macromolecular Assembly Exhibiting Severe Nonisomorphism, Extreme Beam Sensitivity and No Internal Symmetry

Crystals, diffracting best to around 3 Å, have been grown from intact large and small ribosomal subunits. The bright synchrotron radiation necessary for the collection of the higher-resolution X-ray diffraction data introduces significant decay even at cryo temperatures. Nevertheless, owing to the reasonable isomorphism of the recently improved crystals of the small ribosomal subunits, reliable phases have been extracted at medium resolution (5-6 Å) and an interpretable five-derivative MIR map has been constructed. For the crystals of the large subunits, however, the situation is more complicated because at higher resolution (2.7-7 Å) they suffer from substantial radiation sensitivity, a low level of isomorphism, instability of the longest unit-cell axis and nonisotropic mosaicity. The 8 Å MIR map, constructed to gain insight into this unusual system, may provide feasible reasoning for the odd combination of the properties of these crystals as well as hints for future improvement. Parallel efforts, in which electron-microscopy-reconstructed images are being exploited for molecular-replacement studies, are also discussed