Role of Lashuna Rasayana in Margavaranaja Pakshagahta - A Case Study

The health of an individual is accessed by the optimum structural and functional wellbeing. The functional ability of the body may be physiological or physical is attributed to Vata. In morbidity, the same Vatadosha will affect the functionality, in terms of motor or sensory functions. The wide spectrum of disorders due to morbid Vatadosha is put under the heading of Vatavyadhi. Depending upon the affected part of the body further it is categorized as, Ekangavata, Sarvangavata and Pakshaghata. In Pakshaghata Chestanivrutti of one half of the body either left or right may be observed.[1] Pakshghata is one among 80 Nanatmaja Vyadhi.[2] There are three distinct Nidana for Pakshaghata. Dhatukshayaja, Margavarana and Swakopa.[3] Margavarana refers to the obstruction of the Raktamarga. Prime causative factors for Margavarana is Santarpanajanya Nidana leads to Dhamani Pratichyaya ends up in Pakshaghata. In modern science it is better understood as stroke syndrome. Lashunsa Rasayana4 is considered to be best in case of Vata Vyadhi. It is even indicated in Pakshaghata. In the present study role of Lashunsa Rasayana is done on the patients suffering from Margavaranaja Pakshaghata

Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Aerosols over Prominent Hotspot Regions in South India by Employing MODIS Data

Mounting the amount of aerosols in the atmosphere is a subject of deep concern all over the globe. This elevated level of aerosol concentrations has proven direct impact on the radiative forcing (Gadhavi and Jayaraman A, 2004) and subsequent climate change. Thus it becomes imperative to study the inter-annual and seasonal variations of aerosols with the aid of remote sensing method by employing MODIS data. This paper pertains to the study of seasonal variations of Aerosol Optical Depths over three different locations which are lying along the same latitude in South India. The five year (2005-2009) observation is presented and it reveals that aerosol abundance has strong dependence on the geography, environment and local climate at a specific region. The variation of aerosol abundance is found to be higher at the coastal region than the region surrounded by land mass

Variation of CO Column over North Kerala by Exploring MOPITT Data

Carbon Monoxide (CO) is one of the prominent pollutant species mainly produced from of fossil fuel burning and motor vehicles. Being a toxic trace gas, it can considerably affect human health. The rapid increase in CO enhances the production of surface ozone which contributes to global warming. This is the first attempt to retrieve the increase in CO over a column of atmosphere up to 100 mb pressure from the surface using MOPITT version 3 of level 2 data. The increase in column abundance of CO observed is correlated with the increase in vehicles in this region and it gives a positive correlation for the four years of observation from 2004. The prominence of this location of north Kerala is that no major industries are sited within this region and the increase in pollution is solely due to anthropogenic activities.ÂÂ

The Significant Role of CO and NOx in the Tropospheric Ozone Chemistry

Ozone being a greenhouse gas, the chemistry of ozone in the troposphere is considered as an emerging area of investigation after global warming became a reality. The potential role of ozone and its dynamics that changes the atmospheric composition can be retrieved only with the aid of photochemical processes involved in the atmosphere. The various possible chemical reactions that take place at different locations in the atmosphere can significantly change the weather pattern. This is an attempt to review some of the prominent features of the photochemistry of the troposphere and stratosphere

Challenges faced by the rural fishing community: a sociological study based on Nachchikuda Village

Fishing is the main industry which exist all around the globe and Sri Lanka also famous for its coastal areas which is the major source of livelihood for many economies even today. Fishery sector is one among those growing sector that contributes a decent part of revenue for the nation. But natural hazards, climate change etc are becoming a major cause of depletion in this sector. In this context this paper aims to find out the major challenges in the fisher community in the Nachchikuda village. The study was undertaken in the Nachchikuda village which located under the Poonakary Pradesiya Saba in Kilinochchi district of Northern Province. This study followed qualitative data collection method. Primary data collected through semi-structured interviews that were conducted in both face to face and phone conversation with selected samples.Purposive sampling was conducted to collect the data. Key informants interviews were conducted from Grama Niladhari (GN) and head of the Rural Development society. The secondary data were collected from the report of Poonakary Divisional Secretariat office, journals, published books and internet sources. The researchers found the challenges as social and economic challenges. As social challenge lower level of livelihood, lack of education, lack of infrastructure, exclusion from the community, lack of social security and welfare and challenge in education and as an economic challenge the researchers found problem with price, scarcity of fisheries and aquatic resources, illegal poaching by Indian boats, challenges with market opportunity, prevalence of poverty and challenges with market opportunities were found in thefishing community of Nachchikuda village. Finally, some policy suggestions given by the researcher to improve the livelihood of the fisher communities

Dynamics of nanoscale droplets on moving surfaces

We use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the dynamic wetting of nanoscale water droplets on moving surfaces. The density and hydrogen bonding profiles along the direction normal to the surface are reported, and the width of the water depletion layer is evaluated first for droplets on three different static surfaces: silicon, graphite, and a fictitious superhydrophobic surface. The advancing and receding contact angles, and contact angle hysteresis, are then measured as a function of capillary number on smooth moving silicon and graphite surfaces. Our results for the silicon surface show that molecular displacements at the contact line are influenced greatly by interactions with the solid surface and partly by viscous dissipation effects induced through the movement of the surface. For the graphite surface, however, both the advancing and receding contact angles values are close to the static contact angle value and are independent of the capillary number; i.e., viscous dissipation effects are negligible. This finding is in contrast with the wetting dynamics of macroscale water droplets, which show significant dependence on the capillary number

Insurance payer is associated with length of stay after traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVES: Timely provision of postacute care (PAC) rehabilitation is critical for achieving functional recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Medicaid coverage is a predictor of prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) after TBI, a proxy for decreased PAC access. Among Medicaid patients with TBI, it is unknown whether coverage under a managed care organization (MCO) or fee-for-service (FFS) model predicts differences in LOS. STUDY DESIGN: Discharge data for patients with TBI from 318 California hospitals between 2017 and 2019 were obtained. We used multivariable regression models, treating mortality/hospice disposition as competing risks, to evaluate associations between insurance type and LOS, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and illness severity. Sensitivity analysis was conducted in patients with severe TBI identified by receipt of intracranial pressure monitoring or trauma craniotomy/craniectomy. Adjusted HRs (aHRs) were reported. METHODS: The California Department of Health Care Access and Information Patient Discharge Dataset was queried for patients with TBI using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Exclusion criteria were younger than 18 years or older than 65 years, payer other than private insurance (PI) or Medicaid, death or hospice discharge within 5 days of hospitalization, presence of a do-not-resuscitate order, and nonemergency admission. RESULTS: A total of 39,834 patients were analyzed (FFS, 24.2%; MCO, 33.2%; PI, 42.6%). Competing risk regressions showed that Medicaid models were associated with longer LOS compared with PI (FFS: aHR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.80-0.83; MCO: aHR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.96). Compared with MCOs, FFS was associated with longer LOS in the overall cohort (aHR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85-0.91) and in the severe TBI subgroup (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Medicaid FFS is associated with increased LOS in hospitalized patients with TBI compared with Medicaid MCOs, suggesting decreased PAC access

“Like a ticking time bomb”: the persistence of trauma in the HIV diagnosis experience among black men who have sex with men in New York City

Background Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV compared to almost every other demographic group in the country and have worse outcomes along the care continuum. Diagnosis is a critical juncture. This study aims to explore the impact and meaning of an HIV diagnosis for Black MSM, and how this has changed over time, both for the individual’s experience living with HIV as well as for Black MSM in general. Methods From 2017 to 2018, we conducted in-depth interviews with 16 black MSM living with HIV in New York City diagnosed between 1985 and 2016. Results Inductive analysis of the qualitative data allowed three major themes to emerge: diagnosis trauma, lack of patient -centeredness in the healthcare system, and acceptance of HIV diagnosis over time. Conclusions This small pilot study signals that an HIV diagnosis experience possibly remains traumatic for black MSM even in the era of highly effective ART, and they often perceive a lack of patient-centeredness in the delivery of a new diagnosis. This has persisted over time. In most cases, black MSM in our sample overcame this trauma due to self-motivation, social support and seeking out and fostering trusting relationships with their HIV provider and the healthcare system

CYLD Enhances Severe Listeriosis by Impairing IL-6/STAT3-Dependent Fibrin Production

The facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) may cause severe infection in humans and livestock. Control of acute listeriosis is primarily dependent on innate immune responses, which are strongly regulated by NF-kappa B, and tissue protective factors including fibrin. However, molecular pathways connecting NF-kappa B and fibrin production are poorly described. Here, we investigated whether the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD, which is an inhibitor of NF-kappa B-dependent immune responses, regulated these protective host responses in murine listeriosis. Upon high dose systemic infection, all C57BL/6 Cyld(-/-) mice survived, whereas 100% of wildtype mice succumbed due to severe liver pathology with impaired pathogen control and hemorrhage within 6 days. Upon in vitro infection with Lm, CYLD reduced NF-kappa B-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, interleukin (IL)-6 secretion, and control of bacteria in macrophages. Furthermore, Western blot analyses showed that CYLD impaired STAT3-dependent fibrin production in cultivated hepatocytes. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CYLD interacted with STAT3 in the cytoplasm and strongly reduced K63-ubiquitination of STAT3 in IL-6 stimulated hepatocytes. In addition, CYLD diminished IL-6-induced STAT3 activity by reducing nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated STAT3. In vivo, CYLD also reduced hepatic STAT3 K63-ubiquitination and activation, NF-kappa B activation, IL-6 and NOX2 mRNA production as well as fibrin production in murine listeriosis. In vivo neutralization of IL-6 by anti-IL-6 antibody, STAT3 by siRNA, and fibrin by warfarin treatment, respectively, demonstrated that IL-6-induced, STAT3-mediated fibrin production significantly contributed to protection in Cyld(-/-) mice. In addition, in vivo Cyld siRNA treatment increased STAT3 phosphorylation, fibrin production, pathogen control and survival of Lm-infected WT mice illustrating that therapeutic inhibition of CYLD augments the protective NF-kappa B/IL-6/STAT3 pathway and fibrin production